Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daniel C. Berrios, Jonathan Galazka, Kirill Grigorev, Samrawit Gebre, Sylvain Costes
Summary: The mission of NASA's GeneLab is to collect, curate, and provide access to omics data from biospecimens flown in space or exposed to space stressors. They aim to explore molecular network responses to space environments and support precision risk management for human space exploration. The platform includes a data repository, data entry web portal, and an API designed for visualization of omics data, with efforts to reduce workload for researchers and GeneLab staff.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michal Marczyk, Joanna Polanska, Andrzej Wojcik, Lovisa Lundholm
Summary: This study aimed to test miRNA biomarkers in leukocytes of breast cancer patients undergoing external beam radiotherapy. The results showed that while miR-744-5p showed promise as a stable miRNA marker, most tested miRNAs displayed individual signal variability and temporal patterns, potentially excluding them as sensitive biomarkers of radiation response in this setting.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Shadike Apaer, Hai-zhang Ma, Tao Li, Gang Yao, Qi Zeng, Jing Wu, Nuerzatijiang Anweier, Xiapukaiti Fulati, Jin-ming Zhao, Hao Wen, Tuerhongjiang Tuxun
Summary: This study investigated potential biomarkers for distinguishing the biological viability of hepatic cystic echinococcosis. Results showed different patterns of cytokine and chemokine secretion in patients at different disease progression stages, with IL-27 identified as a potential biomarker for distinguishing HCE biological viability, providing a foundation for clinical decision-making.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Xiaoya Ren, Menglong Jiang, Peng Ding, Xiaoyan Zhang, Xin Zhou, Jian Shen, Dong Liu, Xiaolong Yan, Zhiqiang Ma
Summary: Ubiquitination and deubiquitination, regulated by ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes and deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs), can control cell cycle progression, signal transduction, and transcriptional regulation. USP28, a DUB, plays a crucial role in turnover of ubiquitination and stabilization of substrates, including cancer-related proteins. It has been shown to both promote and inhibit tumor progression, and its clinical relevance in cancer prognosis and therapy resistance is discussed.
EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY & ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Shirin Rahmanian, Tony C. Slaba
Summary: Space radiation poses multiple health risks to astronauts, and the NASA Space Radiation Laboratory has developed a galactic cosmic ray simulator (GCRsim) to better understand and mitigate these risks. The GCRsim can provide a radiation field comparable to the shielded radiation environment within internal organs of astronauts in deep space missions. The study confirms that the GCRsim can provide relatively homogeneous irradiation in larger animals.
Article
Plant Sciences
Maria L. Sorkin, Shin-Cheng Tzeng, Stefanie King, Andres Romanowski, Nikolai Kahle, Rebecca Bindbeutel, Andreas Hiltbrunner, Marcelo J. Yanovsky, Bradley S. Evans, Dmitri A. Nusinow
Summary: Many molecular and physiological processes in plants occur at a specific time of day, regulated by the circadian clock. The MYB-like transcription factor REVEILLE 8 (RVE8) interacts with its coactivators LNK1 and LNK2 to promote the expression of evening-phased clock genes and cold tolerance factors. Affinity purification coupled with mass spectrometry (APMS) identified time-of-day-specific protein interactors of the RVE8-LNK1/LNK2 complex, including COR27 and COR28, which bind and antagonize the ability of the complex to induce target gene expression in the evening.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mengyan Zhang, Xiuling Shi, Chantong Wu, Jun Yang, Jiancheng Li, Mingqiu Chen
Summary: This study compared the differences in the expression levels of differentially-expressed proteins (DEPs) in serum specimens from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients presenting with radiation pneumonia (RP) and non-pneumonia at 0, 3, and 6 weeks after radiotherapy using a quantitative proteomics approach. The results identified FETUB and PZP as optimal candidate proteins for predicting RP, providing evidence for potential predictive biomarkers of RP.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL REGULATORS AND HOMEOSTATIC AGENTS
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mary Sproull, Uma Shankavaram, Kevin Camphausen
Summary: A novel high-throughput proteomics screening approach was used to identify proteomic markers of radiation exposure in the plasma of total body irradiated mice. A subset panel of significantly altered proteins was selected to build predictive models of radiation exposure and radiation dose. The new predictive models showed high accuracy in differentiating between radiation exposure levels and doses.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Joshua S. Alwood, Ajitkumar P. Mulavara, Janani Iyer, Siddhita D. Mhatre, Susanna Rosi, Mark Shelhamer, Catherine Davis, Christopher W. Jones, Xiao Wen Mao, Rajeev I. Desai, Alexandra M. Whitmire, Thomas J. Williams
Summary: This article summarizes discussions on biomarkers and brain regions/circuits, including information on sensorimotor, behavioral medicine, and integrated approaches, and provides a summary of hundreds of biomarkers, serving as a rich resource for NASA's Human Research Program and the research community.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Shimpei Iida, Wei Hu, Rui Zhang, Piero Ferrari, Kei Masuhara, Hajime Tanuma, Haruo Shiromaru, Toshiyuki Azuma, Klavs Hansen
Summary: The radiative cooling rates of C-N(+) clusters have been measured, showing high stability and energy conversion efficiency, with potential for high quantum efficiencies in the emission process.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Grant Matthews
Summary: Comparison between the Orbital Earth Radiation Budget measurement and models is crucial for climate prediction accuracy. Contrary to NASA's findings, the MERBE experiment suggests that the Sun is not causing increased warming on Earth, and the stability and reliability of CERES results may be questionable. Additionally, MERBE is able to resolve Cloud Radiative Forcing signals from existing records, providing insights that official observations may take decades to achieve.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Anchen Liu, Wenting Lin, Ruiliang Ming, Wenqi Guan, Xinying Wang, Ningyi Hu, Yuan Ren
Summary: This study evaluated the hydrolysis, adsorption, and biodegradation of 28 drugs in sewage and sewers at different temperatures, as well as the interaction between drug degradation and biofilm community structure. It was found that some drugs were stable and suitable as biomarkers for wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) back-calculation, while others were unstable and not suitable. In addition, the loss rate of drugs was higher in aerobic sewers compared to anaerobic sewers, and the species abundance and diversity in biofilms showed different trends under different conditions.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
S. Rahmanian, T. C. Slaba, L. A. Braby, S. R. Santa Maria, S. Bhattacharya, T. Straume
Summary: BioSentinel is a nanosatellite deployed from Artemis-I to measure biological responses of yeast cells to deep space radiation. The onboard active dosimetry will also provide measurements of the radiation field encountered by the satellite, which is important for interpreting biological observations and validating radiation environment models. Time-forward predictions of galactic cosmic ray exposure were made prior to the Artemis-I launch, and independent model validation will be possible when onboard measurements are obtained. The method used for future projections within an existing environmental model is described and uncertainty is quantified.
LIFE SCIENCES IN SPACE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biology
Weihong Li, Shixiang Zhou, Meng Jia, Xiaoxin Li, Lin Li, Qi Wang, Zhenhua Qi, Pingkun Zhou, Yaqiong Li, Zhidong Wang
Summary: Accurate dose assessment shortly after exposure to nuclear or radiation accidents remains challenging. This study identified early indicators of radiation damage through bioinformatic analysis and confirmed their stability and correlation with time and dose. The effective combination of these indicators can provide a more accurate dose assessment within 24 hours post exposure for a large number of wounded patients.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kristen N. Morrow, Zhe Liang, Ming Xue, Deena B. Chihade, Yini Sun, Ching-wen Chen, Craig M. Coopersmith, Mandy L. Ford
Summary: Sepsis leads to impairment in memory T cells, with IL-27 potentially affecting co-inhibitory molecules by regulating TIGIT, but not associated with sepsis mortality.
