Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Qingtao Qiu, Ziduo Yang, Shuyu Wu, Dongdong Qian, Jun Wei, Guanzhong Gong, Lizhen Wang, Yong Yin
Summary: The study aimed to improve hippocampus segmentation accuracy through multitask edge-aware learning, achieving significant results compared to baseline segmentation. The proposed framework may have applications in other low-contrast small organ segmentations in medical imaging modalities.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
R. Vysakh, R. Ganapathi Raman, S. O. Muhammed, N. Puzhakkkal
Summary: This study evaluates the feasibility of using the Elekta AgilityT collimator system and Monaco treatment planning system for ha-WBRT. The results show that the fVMAT technique can improve target coverage, homogeneity, conformity, and reduce plan complexity and delivery efficiency.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Gulsen Pinar Soydemir, Nazli Bilici, Elif Eda Tiken, Ayben Yentek Balkanay, Ali Firat Sisman, Didem Karacetin
Summary: By comparing dosimetric parameters for sparing the contralateral hippocampus in radiotherapy for brain tumors using IMRT and VMAT techniques, it was found that VMAT planning showed the best protection for the hippocampus, preserving cognitive functions. Patients undergoing radiotherapy may have a lower risk of hippocampal damage during treatment.
JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH AND THERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Cameron J. Sprowls, Amish P. Shah, Patrick Kelly, Doug R. Burch, Ryan S. Mathews, Cameron W. Swanick, Sanford L. Meeks
Summary: This study evaluated the use of Varian HyperArc as a planning and treatment solution for whole brain radiotherapy with hippocampal sparing. The results showed significant improvements in dosimetric quality and organ at risk (OAR) sparing with HyperArc plans compared to coplanar VMAT.
Article
Neurosciences
Johannes G. Dinkel, Godehard Lahmer, Angelika Mennecke, Stefan W. Hock, Tanja Richter-Schmidinger, Rainer Fietkau, Luitpold Distel, Florian Putz, Arnd Doerfler, Manuel A. Schmidt
Summary: Hippocampal-sparing radiotherapy is a promising approach for alleviating cognitive side effects after cranial radiotherapy. This study used Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) to examine the effects of radiation on white matter and hippocampal microstructure, and found that hippocampal microstructure differed between patients undergoing hippocampal-sparing radiotherapy and conventional cranial radiotherapy.
Article
Oncology
Shinn-Yn Lin, Din-Li Tsan, Chi-Cheng Chuang, Chi-Cheng Yang, Ping-Ching Pai, Chih-Liang Wang, Yi-Ming Wu, Cheng-Chi Lee, Chia-Hsin Lin, Kuo-Chen Wei, Wen-Chi Chou
Summary: In this study, we examined the oncological outcomes of cancer patients undergoing HS-WBRT, and found distinct patterns of neurologic/non-neurologic death and LMD recurrence between patients with intact brain metastases and those with resection cavities.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Ilinca Popp, Anca Ligia Grosu, Jamina Tara Fennell, Melissa Fischer, Dimos Baltas, Rolf Wiehle
Summary: Complete directional hippocampal blocking is an efficient method for achieving improved hippocampal sparing during HA-WBRT+SIB.
STRAHLENTHERAPIE UND ONKOLOGIE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Michaela Schuermann, Yvonne Dzierma, Frank Nuesken, Joachim Oertel, Christian Ruebe, Patrick Melchior
Summary: This study evaluates the feasibility of jointly protecting the motor cortex and hippocampus in the treatment of glioblastoma. The results show that auto-planning significantly improves the sparing of organs at risk, without compromising plan quality. Additionally, auto-planning can further enhance the protection of the motor cortex and hippocampus.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Wen-Chi Yang, Ya-Fang Chen, Chi-Cheng Yang, Pei-Fang Wu, Hsing-Min Chan, Jenny Ling-Yu Chen, Guann-Yiing Chen, Jason Chia-Hsien Cheng, Sung-Hsin Kuo, Feng-Ming Hsu
Summary: This study found that patients with brain metastases undergoing hippocampal avoidance whole-brain radiotherapy (HA-WBRT) showed better preservation of memory function at 6-month follow-up compared to those receiving conformal WBRT. However, there were no significant differences in verbal fluency and executive function.
Article
Oncology
Akihiko Ishibashi, Hiromasa Kurosaki, Kosei Miura, Nobuko Utsumi, Hideyuki Sakurai
Summary: By adjusting the modulation factor, the irradiation time of radiotherapy can be shortened without affecting the target dose distribution. There is a linear relationship between the modulation factor and irradiation time within a certain range, but the quality of the radiotherapy plan deteriorates when the modulation factor reaches 1.4.
TECHNOLOGY IN CANCER RESEARCH & TREATMENT
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Ami Kavi, Jason Gurewitz, Carolina G. Benjamin, Joshua S. Silverman, Kenneth Bernstein, Monica Mureb, Cheongeun Oh, Erik P. Sulman, Bernadine Donahue, Douglas Kondziolka
Summary: This study reported the dosimetric analysis of hippocampal dose in patients with brain metastases who received SRS treatment, revealing a significant correlation between tumor number/volume and hippocampal dose. Despite tumors located near the hippocampus, SRS still provides hippocampal sparing, which is essential in preventing eventual hippocampal metastases in more than half of the patients.
RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Zoe Schmal, Claudia E. Ruebe
Summary: Radiation-induced brain injury significantly affects the neurocognitive functions of brain cancer survivors, especially in pediatric patients. This study investigated the underlying mechanisms of radiation-induced brain injury by analyzing different hippocampal subregions in a mouse model. The findings suggest that region-specific differences in radiosensitivity are primarily determined by the presence of proliferating neuroprogenitors.
Article
Oncology
Minna Lerner, Joakim Medin, Christian Jamtheim Gustafsson, Sara Alkner, Lars E. Olsson
Summary: This study demonstrates the successful clinical application of MRI-only brain radiotherapy through a prospective clinical feasibility study. Synthetic CT images generated using validated deep learning software showed clinical robustness in terms of dosimetry and patient positioning.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Erik Lidin, Mattias K. Skold, Maria Angeria, Johan Davidsson, Marten Risling
Summary: Hippocampal dysfunction post-TBI is influenced by sex-related neuroprotective hormones, with females showing superior outcomes to males. CYP1B1 expression in response to pTBI differs between sexes, with females displaying a more urgent but brief regulatory response compared to males. Sex-dependent differences in CYP1B1 activity may affect inflammation and neuroprotection in pTBI.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Xiujuan Gai, Li Su, Shiqi Huang, Jiang Zeng, Feibao Guo, Chuanshu Cai, Wenlong Lv, Feng Liu, Shan Li, Jinsheng Hong
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between radiation doses to the hippocampi and the psychological status of patients with stage T1-2 nasopharyngeal carcinoma undergoing IMRT. It suggests the importance of protecting the hippocampi to preserve patients' psychological well-being.
RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Hana Petrasova, Radka Slaisova, Tomas Rohan, Karel Stary, Jitka Kyclova, Tomas Pavlik, Petra Kovalcikova, Tomas Kazda, Vlastimil Valek
Summary: This study extends and revises the diagnostic value of CEUS for distinguishing between malignant and benign thyroid nodules. The results show that different enhancement patterns are significantly associated with benign and malignant lesions. Ring enhancement pattern indicates a benign etiology, while heterogeneous enhancement pattern suggests a malignant etiology. The shape of the TIC can also help differentiate between benign and malignant lesions.
CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Jana Halamkova, Lucia Bohovicova, Lucie Pehalova, Roman Gonec, Teodor Stanek, Tomas Kazda, Lucie Moukova, Dagmar Adamkova Krakorova, Sarka Kozakova, Marek Svoboda, Regina Demlova, Igor Kiss
Summary: The association between hypolipidemic drugs and the occurrence of a second primary malignancy in colorectal cancer survivors is not clear. Subgroup analysis shows a lower incidence of secondary neoplasia in statin users, but colorectal cancer patients using hypolipidemic drugs are more likely to develop gastric and bladder cancer. Patients with early-stage colorectal carcinoma who suffered a second cancer have significantly worse survival outcomes if treated with hypolipidemic drugs. Therefore, screening for second primary malignancies in colorectal cancer survivors treated with hypolipidemic drugs should be done more cautiously, especially for gastric and bladder cancer.
Review
Oncology
Frantisek Siegl, Marek Vecera, Ivana Roskova, Martin Smrcka, Radim Jancalek, Tomas Kazda, Ondrej Slaby, Jiri Sana
Summary: The importance of microRNAs in brain metastasis, as well as their potential clinical implications, are summarized in this review. MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that play a crucial role in regulating gene expression and cellular processes. They have been implicated in various cancers, including brain metastases, and show promise as diagnostic molecules and therapeutic targets.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Milos Holanek, Iveta Selingerova, Pavel Fabian, Oldrich Coufal, Ondrej Zapletal, Katarina Petrakova, Tomas Kazda, Roman Hrstka, Alexandr Poprach, Maria Zvarikova, Ondrej Bilek, Marek Svoboda
Summary: This retrospective study suggests that residual cancer burden after neoadjuvant therapy is associated with worse treatment outcomes in breast cancer patients. The study evaluated the dynamics and impact of biomarkers on long-term outcomes in specific breast cancer subtypes. The proliferation index Ki-67 was significantly altered by neoadjuvant therapy and predicted survival outcomes in different subtypes.
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Martin Dolezel, Marek Slavik, Tomas Blazek, Tomas Kazda, Pavel Koranda, Lucia Veverkova, Petr Burkon, Jakub Cvek
Summary: Concurrent chemoradiotherapy is commonly used in the curative treatment of head and neck cancer patients, with locoregional failure being the main recurrence pattern. Tumor hypoxia is a major cause of treatment failure, and positron emission tomography (PET) has been extensively studied as a feasible method for detecting tumor hypoxia. Escalating the dose to hypoxic tumors has shown potential to improve outcomes. The optimization of radiotherapeutic plans has been well-documented, and there are two main approaches for defining the hypoxic tumor volume based on PET images.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Petr Burkon, Jan Trna, Marek Slavik, Radim Nemecek, Tomas Kazda, Petr Pospisil, Milan Dastych, Michal Eid, Ivo Novotny, Tomas Prochazka, Miroslav Vrzal
Summary: Pancreatic cancer is the third leading cause of cancer death in the developed world. Surgical resection is the only cure, but for advanced cases, neoadjuvant therapy and stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) may improve treatment outcomes and offer convenience and tolerability.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Michal Hendrych, Peter Solar, Marketa Hermanova, Ondrej Slaby, Hana Valekova, Marek Vecera, Alena Kopkova, Zdenek Mackerle, Tomas Kazda, Petr Pospisil, Radek Lakomy, Jan Chrastina, Jiri Sana, Radim Jancalek
Summary: This case report describes a 43-year-old female patient with frontal glioblastoma who developed intraspinal metastasis five months after surgery. Next-generation sequencing analysis revealed a higher number of single nucleotide variants in the metastatic sample compared to the primary tumor. Mutations in NF1, NOTCH3, and ARID1A were identified and may contribute to the invasiveness and metastatic potential of this particular glioblastoma case.
Article
Oncology
Ondrej Kalita, Tomas Kazda, Stefan Reguli, Radim Jancalek, Pavel Fadrus, Marek Slachta, Petr Pospisil, Lukas Krska, Jana Vrbkova, Lumir Hrabalek, Martin Smrcka, Radim Lipina
Summary: The timing of reoperation has a significant impact on the survival rates of patients with recurrent glioblastoma. Reoperation after 16 months from the first surgery has a significant effect on postsurgical survival. After adjusting for age, significant improvement in postsurgical survival was observed for time-to-progression thresholds of 22 and 24 months.
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Tomas Kazda, Katerina Polachova
NEURO-ONCOLOGY PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Maasa H. Seaberg, Tomas Kazda, Ryan S. Youland, Nadia N. Laack, Deanna H. Pafundi, S. Keith Anderson, Jann N. Sarkaria, Evanthia Galanis, Paul D. Brown, Debra H. Brinkmann
Summary: This study analyzed the patterns of failure in glioblastoma patients receiving novel chemoradiotherapy regimens and found that the patterns were influenced by the timepoint of analysis and appeared to originate from the central region. Addition of specific chemotherapy drugs may also influence the patterns of failure, although it does not impact overall survival.
RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Jan Zatecky, Oldrich Coufal, Pavel Fabian, Milos Holanek, Eva Sehnalkova, Petr Burkon
Summary: This study retrospectively analyzed a case series from two hospitals in the Czech Republic to evaluate the diagnostic and treatment approach to primary breast sarcomas and analyze published prognostic factors. The study included 11 patients, 9 women and 2 men. Statistical evaluation showed that tumor size, grade, margin distance, mitotic activity, or age were not prognostic factors in our cohort. Based on the literature review, the most common published prognostic factors are tumor size, margin status, and grade, but the results are ambiguous.