Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Matthew F. Panichello, Timothy J. Buschman
Summary: Cognitive control guides behavior by controlling what, when, and how information is represented in the brain. Prefrontal cortex acts as a domain-general controller for both selection and attention, while parietal and visual cortex represent attention and selection independently. Selection and attention facilitate behavior by enhancing and transforming the representation of selected memory or attended stimulus.
Article
Neurosciences
Ying Zhou, Clayton E. Curtis, Kartik K. Sreenivasan, Daryl Fougnie
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between working memory and attention using fMRI and machine learning. The results demonstrate that selecting items in working memory and shifting attention utilize similar neural mechanisms. These shared mechanisms control the relative gains of neural populations and encode behaviorally relevant information.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shirley Xue Li Lim, Richard Hochenberger, Iryna Ruda, Gereon R. Fink, Shivakumar Viswanathan, Kathrin Ohla
Summary: This study investigates the encoding, maintenance, and retrieval of taste in working memory (WM), and finds that a single taste can be reliably recognized despite interference, while the maintenance of multiple tastes depends on their serial position. Recognition remains reliable for up to three tastes. Similar stimuli impair recognition in gustatory WM with increasing set size, masking the awareness of capacity limitations.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Review
Psychology, Mathematical
Susan M. Ravizza, Katelyn M. Conn
Summary: This study discusses three ways in which information becomes automatically prioritized in working memory: physical salience, statistical learning, and reward learning. It integrates findings from perception and working memory studies to propose a more sophisticated understanding of the relationship between attention and working memory.
PSYCHONOMIC BULLETIN & REVIEW
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Ya-Ting Chen, Freek van Ede, Bo-Cheng Kuo
Summary: This study investigates the neural basis of working memory capacity by exploiting the content dependence of memory materials. The results show that alpha oscillations track memory capacity in a content-specific manner, dependent not only on the number of items but also on their complexity.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Stefanie Klatt, Nicholas J. Smeeton
Summary: The study found that working memory capacity plays an important role in selective visual attention, with individuals having higher capacity performing better in the task. Additionally, visual stimuli located along the same meridian were perceived more accurately compared to stimuli located along different meridians.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Petra Hermann, Bela Weiss, Balazs Knakker, Petra Madurka, Annamaria Manga, Adam Narai, Zoltan Vidnyanszky
Summary: The study identified two top-down attentional control processes that have opposing effects on distractor resistance. An early selection negativity was found in EEG responses to matching distractors, and congruency effects were positively associated with distractor resistance.
Article
Neurosciences
Joshua D. Koen, Nedra Hauck, Michael D. Rugg
Summary: The study found that own-age bias does not significantly impact the repetition suppression effects in face recognition, but the right anterior hippocampus showed an own-age bias when viewing unfamiliar faces.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Tamas Kaldi, Agnes Szollosi, Anna Babarczy
Summary: This study investigates the memory accessibility and representation of focused elements and their alternatives in Hungarian pre-verbal focus construction in Working Memory and delayed recognition memory. Results show an advantage of focused element in immediate retrieval but not in delayed retrieval, with interference from focus alternatives affecting memory performance in delayed retrieval. The study is novel in examining the focus representation in different memory systems using the same stimuli and variables.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Andrea Pittarello, Marcella Fratescu, Sebastiaan Mathot
Summary: This study reveals that participants tend to remember an ambiguous directional cue as biased towards stimuli associated with a high reward, especially those that can be obtained through dishonest means. This research offers important constraints for theories in behavioral ethics, providing initial evidence of a link between attention, dishonesty, and memory.
CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Gaoxing Mei, Mofen Cen, Xu Luo, Shiming Qiu, Yun Pan
Summary: Previous studies have shown that high-level cognitive functions such as attention can modulate the tilt aftereffect (TAE), but it is unclear whether working memory load has an effect on TAE. Two experiments were conducted, with one showing a reduction in TAE magnitude under high working memory load when digits were used as load stimuli, while the other experiment did not replicate this finding when color-shape conjunctions were used as load stimuli. Further replications are needed to clarify the effects of working memory load on TAE.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Livia Valenti, Isabella Wada Pucci, Ricardo Basso Garcia, Margaret C. Jackson, Cesar Galera
Summary: This study investigated the role of attentional resources in processing emotional faces in working memory and found that depleting attentional resources has less impact on working memory for happy faces than other emotional faces.
QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Ping Zhu, Qingqing Yang, Luo Chen, Chenxiao Guan, Jifan Zhou, Mowei Shen, Hui Chen
Summary: Recent research has explored the phenomenon of working memory (WM)-guided attention, which directs attention to external information matching WM content. Little is known about the nature of this attention system, which exhibits characteristics of both exogenous and endogenous attention. Two experiments were conducted, one with an exogenous cue and the other with an endogenous cue, to test the mechanism of WM-guided attention. The findings suggest that WM-guided attention shares mechanisms with exogenous attention and operates in parallel with endogenous attention.
BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Ying Zhou, Fan Wu, Xueyi Wan, Mowei Shen, Zaifeng Gao
Summary: Recent studies have found that object-based attention plays a pivotal role in retaining bound representations in working memory. The research investigated whether maintaining bound representations with more features in WM requires extra object-based attention and found that it is not necessary. The presence of more features in a bound representation in working memory does not require additional object-based attention.
MEMORY & COGNITION
(2021)
Article
Psychology
David T. T. Goldenhaus-Manning, Nicholas R. R. Cooper, Vanessa M. M. Loaiza
Summary: A global weighted average pooling network is proposed in this study to solve the imperfection of class activation map (CAM) obtained in weakly supervised segmentation. The proposed model allows learning different weights for different positions of the feature map before global average pooling (GAP), addressing the issue of equal attention given by GAP to important and non-important regions. Additionally, the low-level grayscale information of medical images is fused with high-level semantic information due to the grayscale difference between tumor and non-tumor areas in brain tumor images.
ATTENTION PERCEPTION & PSYCHOPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Gema Climent, Celestino Rodriguez, Trinidad Garcia, Debora Areces, Miguel Mejias, Amaia Aierbe, Marta Moreno, Eduardo Cueto, Judit Castella, Mari Feli Gonzalez
Summary: A new continuous performance test tool based on virtual reality was developed to measure attention and working memory levels in adults, showing good psychometric properties in a Spanish population with regards to reliability and internal consistency.
APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY-ADULT
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Richard J. Allen, Amy L. Atkinson, Louise A. Brown Nicholls
Summary: Although older adults show poorer overall visual working memory, they are still able to strategically direct attention to more valuable items in working memory, a capability that is preserved throughout aging.
QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Xiaotong Yin, Jelena Havelka, Richard J. Allen
Summary: Items with higher value are remembered better than those with lower value, and this value effect seems to extend to the binding of associative details in episodic memory. Increasing value enhances memory for both item and colour, and these effects can persist after a period of time.
QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Alan D. Baddeley, Amy L. Atkinson, Graham J. Hitch, Richard J. Allen
Summary: The study found that interpolated tests during retesting of learned materials can significantly slow down forgetting rate, possibly due to the activation of related features aiding in their recall in subsequent tests. However, this effect disappears when only individual episodes or items are tested.
Article
Education & Educational Research
Amy L. Atkinson, Richard J. Allen, Amanda H. Waterman
Summary: Educational professionals generally have some understanding of working memory, but tend to overestimate the duration of WM. There is considerable variability in how teachers identify signs of poor WM and potential strategies to assist these children. Collaboration between researchers and teachers is crucial for developing support materials and providing teacher training on WM.
TEACHING AND TEACHER EDUCATION
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Anna Muro, Albert Feliu-Soler, Judit Castella
Summary: The study found that women are more likely to experience anxiety and depression during lockdown, especially those with higher neuroticism, lower engagement in routines, and less physical activity during lockdown. Risk factors for women's mental health include longer lockdown duration, increased neuroticism, severe baseline anxiety symptoms, and higher levels of depression.
Article
Psychology, Biological
Guangzheng Li, Richard J. Allen, Graham J. Hitch, Alan D. Baddeley
Summary: Research from a working memory perspective has found that enacted recall is superior to verbal recall in encoding and temporary maintenance of sequential instructions. Comparing verbal and enacted recall of action-object pairings under different potentially disruptive concurrent task conditions, a general advantage for enacted recall was observed, with concurrent action impairing sequence memory performance.
QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Tian-xiao Yang, Xiao-min Su, Richard J. Allen, Zheng Ye, Lu-xia Jia
Summary: The ability to follow instructions is crucial for learning new skills and successful aging. Recent research suggests that action-based processing during encoding and retrieval can improve this ability. Both young and older adults benefit from action-based processing, with the dual modality presentation showing superior performance.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Judit Castella, Anna Muro
Summary: This study aimed to explore the impact of quarantine on psychological well-being. The results showed a significant increase in depression and anxiety during the quarantine period, while life satisfaction remained unaffected. Past-negative temporal orientation and neuroticism were identified as the highest risk factors for a decline in psychological well-being.
QUADERNS DE PSICOLOGIA
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Richard J. Allen, Amy L. Atkinson, Faraneh Vargha-Khadem, Alan D. Baddeley
Summary: This study suggests that severe and bilateral hippocampal damage does not necessarily impair high-resolution cognitive performance.
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Andrew J. Johnson, Richard J. Allen
Summary: This study aims to investigate odor binding in working memory. The results show that young adults can recall intentionally formed odor-color pairings at levels above chance and exhibit recency advantage, while incidental odor-color binding may be limited in functionality compared to visual feature binding.
Article
Psychology
Yanmei Hu, Richard J. J. Allen, Alan D. D. Baddeley, Graham J. J. Hitch
Summary: An increasingly popular method for studying visuospatial working memory assumes variations in stored features of objects subject to internal noise. This study examined the replicability of phenomena in memory for objects using a continuous measure of feature recall. The results were similar to previous findings using categorical measures, with minor differences. The convergence between methods suggests a simple analogy between categorical memory and categorical perception.
ATTENTION PERCEPTION & PSYCHOPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Richard J. Allen, Jelena Havelka, Candice C. Morey, Stephen Darling
Summary: Visuospatial bootstrapping (VSB) refers to the enhancement of verbal working memory performance by presenting verbal material within a familiar visuospatial configuration. This study aimed to investigate the extension of the VSB effect over a brief delay period and elucidate the mechanisms at play during retention. The results showed that the VSB effect was present, but its magnitude varied depending on the concurrent task activity during the delay, such as articulatory suppression, spatial tapping, and a visuospatial judgment task. These findings highlight the role of familiar visuospatial information in supporting verbal working memory, with different demands on modality-specific and general processing resources.
MEMORY & COGNITION
(2023)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Amy Miller, Richard J. Allen, Alisha A. Juma, Rumana Chowdhury, Melanie Rose Burke
Summary: This systematic review analyzed the effects of high-frequency, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) targeted over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) on cognitive function in individuals with age-related neurodegenerative diseases. The results demonstrated that high-frequency rTMS over the DLPFC significantly improved global cognitive function in this population. However, caution should be exercised in interpreting these results due to the limited number of studies and high heterogeneity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychology
Amy L. Atkinson, Richard J. Allen, Alan D. Baddeley, Graham J. Hitch, Amanda H. Waterman
Summary: The study found that individuals can prioritize valuable information in verbal working memory, even under conditions of disrupted verbal rehearsal and executive resources. The prioritization effects were observed in both simple and complex concurrent task conditions, but with increased costs to less valuable items. Additionally, a substantial recency advantage was observed for the final item in each sequence across all conditions.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-LEARNING MEMORY AND COGNITION
(2021)