期刊
PSYCHOSOMATIC MEDICINE
卷 73, 期 6, 页码 462-468出版社
LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
DOI: 10.1097/PSY.0b013e318222379c
关键词
depression; inflammation; race/ethnicity; sex
资金
- National Institutes of Health (NIH)/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [1 U01 HL079156-01, 1 U01 HL79214-01]
- NIH, National Center for Research Resources (NCRR) [M01-RR00039, 5P20RR11104, 5U54RR022814]
- NIH [K24HL077506-06]
Objective: To test whether the association between depression and inflammation differs by race and sex. Depressive symptoms have been associated with higher levels of C-reactive protein (CRP). However, few studies have examined this association in samples including a significant number of African Americans, or examined whether the association differs by race and sex. Methods: Depressive symptoms and CRP were assessed in 512 African American and white participants, age 30 to 65 years, as part of the community-based Morehouse and Emory Team up to Eliminate Health Disparities (META-Health) Study. Depression was determined by responses to the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II). Multivariable linear regression models were used to adjust for demographic and metabolic risk factors. Results: African American men had higher total BDI-II scores than white men (p = .03), whereas there was no difference in women. There was a significant race-sex-depression interaction in predicting CRP levels (p = .02). White women with mild to severe depressive symptoms had higher levels of CRP compared with those with minimal to no depressive symptoms (p < .05). There were no differences in levels of CRP by severity of depressive symptoms in white men or African Americans of either sex. Higher BDI-II scores were related to higher CRP levels in white women after adjusting for age and level of education (beta = 0.227, p = .006). However, the association was eliminated after further adjustment for metabolic risk factors (beta = 0.077, p = .35). Conclusions: Although depressive symptoms are associated with inflammation, the association varies by race and sex.
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