Article
Psychology, Social
Adam R. Panish, Steven G. Ludeke, Joseph A. Vitriol
Summary: Because personal health decisions can have a broader impact, researchers examined the psychological basis for various responses to public health communications and guidelines. They focused on the relationship between Big Five personality traits and vaccine hesitancy, risky pandemic behaviors, and conspiratorial beliefs about COVID-19. Political liberalism was found to mediate the relationship between Openness personality trait and COVID-related attitudes and behaviors in American samples.
SOCIAL AND PERSONALITY PSYCHOLOGY COMPASS
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Tingjun Wang, Huajun Wang, Yongjun Zeng, Xiaoqi Cai, Liangdi Xie
Summary: The study found a correlation between health beliefs and preventive behaviors against NCDs, with perceived barriers and self-efficacy being the most influential factors on behaviors. Therefore, emphasizing behavior change and building confidence through health education based on HBM can be more effective in preventing NCDs.
PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Heba A. Ibrahim, Mohammed H. Nahari, Mugahed A. Al-khadher, Nemat I. Ismail, Wafaa T. Elgzar
Summary: Osteoporosis is a chronic bone disease that affects both men and women, with a higher prevalence in women. Promoting a healthy lifestyle, especially among women, is crucial in preventing and reducing the impact of osteoporosis. A study comparing osteoporosis knowledge, health beliefs, and preventive behaviors in adult males and females in Najran City, Saudi Arabia, revealed significant disparities between the two genders. The study concludes that gender-based educational interventions are needed to enhance preventive behaviors and address knowledge gaps among individuals. Overall, the findings highlight the importance of gender-specific approaches in osteoporosis prevention.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Lukas Pitel, Eva Ballova Mikuskova
Summary: The study validated the Slovak translation of the IHBS and found moderate correlation between IHBS and medical adherence, while being unrelated to substance use and an unhealthy diet. The results also showed that other psychological constructs such as health locus of control dimensions and negative emotionality were more strongly related to health behaviors than cognitive distortion.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Applied
Mohamed Boua, Dongo Remi Kouabenan, Abdelkarim Belhaj
Summary: This article examines the relationship between control beliefs, risk perception, and road safety behaviors. The results suggest that drivers with a high sense of control over road risks tend to have a lower perception of these risks and adopt fewer safety behaviors.
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART F-TRAFFIC PSYCHOLOGY AND BEHAVIOUR
(2022)
Review
Psychology, Applied
Abigail M. Kroke, Joelle C. Ruthig
Summary: Health-related conspiracy beliefs are widespread and can influence behavior. Understanding the impact of these beliefs on health behavior is crucial for developing interventions to promote preventative health behaviors and overall well-being. Attitudes, subjective norms, perceived severity, barriers, and benefits are key factors related to conspiracy beliefs.
APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY-HEALTH AND WELL BEING
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Julita Tokarek, Angelika Kapuscik, Joanna Kucmierz, Edward Kowalczyk, Michal Seweryn Karbownik
Summary: This study found that medical students under stress who exhibit higher conscientiousness tend to have healthier behaviors, such as healthier dietary habits and less smoking. Therefore, interventions targeting students with lower conscientiousness levels may be beneficial in improving lifestyle habits.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Juhua Luo, Xiwei Chen, Hilary Tindle, Aladdin H. Shadyab, Nazmus Saquib, Lauren Hale, Lorena Garcia, Sparkle Springfield, Buyun Liu, Rami Nassir, Linda Snetselaar, Michael Hendryx
Summary: Personality traits such as dispositional optimism, hostility, and negative emotional expressiveness are associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes. The study found that part of these associations were mediated by health behaviors and obesity. It is suggested that women's personality traits should be taken into consideration in diabetes prevention efforts alongside promoting healthy behaviors.
ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
A. M. Di Castri, D. M. Halperin, L. Ye, D. MacKinnon-Cameron, M. Kervin, J. E. Isenor, S. A. Halperin
Summary: Despite varied self-reported vaccination status and beliefs of not being at risk of vaccine-preventable diseases, the majority of participants in the study held positive attitudes towards vaccines and supported the inclusion of pharmacists as immunizers. This suggests that pharmacists are well-positioned to improve vaccine coverage and communicate vaccine-related information to the public, despite potential cost barriers.
HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bill King, Ron Borland, Michael Le Grande, Destiny Diaz, Richard O'Connor, Katherine East, Eve Taylor, Coral Gartner, Hua-Hie Yong
Summary: Most smokers lack knowledge of specific causes of harm from smoking, with those who recognize combustion products and nicotine as main harmful factors being more likely to quit smoking or try vaping. On the other hand, smokers who know less about the harm causes or answer 'don't know' are less interested in quitting.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Wafaa T. Elgzar, Mohammed H. Nahari, Samiha H. Sayed, Heba A. Ibrahim
Summary: English Summary: Osteoporosis is a chronic disease that often remains undetected until a fracture occurs. Regular scanning and appropriate preventive behaviors are crucial for managing osteoporosis. This study examines the role of knowledge and health beliefs in determining osteoporosis preventive behaviors among perimenopausal women. The results show that a high level of osteoporosis preventive behaviors is associated with greater knowledge and positive health beliefs. Factors such as age, occupation, education, training attendance, and history of bone fractures also influence preventive behaviors. Understanding these factors can help develop targeted educational interventions for high-risk groups with low preventive behaviors.
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Maranya M. Mayengo
Summary: This study applied optimal control theory to reduce health risks associated with alcoholism in a community with active religious beliefs. By simulating different control strategies, it was found that combining two control variables could effectively eradicate health risks. Cost-effective analysis also confirmed the efficiency of using both control options together.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED MATHEMATICS
(2022)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Valentina Vanzi, Flavio Marti, Maria Sofia Cattaruzza
Summary: This systematic review aimed to analyze studies on knowledge, beliefs, and behaviors regarding thirdhand smoke (THS) among parents, families, and caregivers. The results showed that parental awareness of THS varied, but it did not always translate into smoking bans or healthy behaviors.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Masoud Askari Majdabadi, Saeid Yazdanirad, Rasoul Yarahmadi, Jamileh Abolghasemi, Hossein Ebrahimi
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the impact of emotional intelligence and certain personality traits on safe behavior and needle stick injuries among nurses. The results showed that increased risk-taking, increased aggression, decreased self-confidence, and decreased emotional intelligence led to decreased safe behavior and increased incidence of needle injuries.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Joseph Uscinski, Adam Enders, Amanda Diekman, John Funchion, Casey Klofstad, Sandra Kuebler, Manohar Murthi, Kamal Premaratne, Michelle Seelig, Daniel Verdear, Stefan Wuchty
Summary: Understanding the individual-level characteristics associated with conspiracy theory beliefs is crucial. Psychological traits (such as the dark triad) and non-partisan/ideological political worldviews (such as populism, support for violence) are strongly related to individual conspiracy theory beliefs, while previously identified correlates (such as partisanship, ideological extremity) show inconsistent relationships.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Matthew H. Iveson, Adele Taylor, Sarah E. Harris, Ian J. Deary, Andrew M. McIntosh
Summary: The study found that APOE e4 allele status did not significantly predict depressive symptom score trajectories or depression risk after adjusting for other factors. However, greater functional limitations at baseline significantly predicted poorer symptom score trajectories and increased depression risk.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Mathew A. Harris, Simon R. Cox, Laura de Nooij, Miruna C. Barbu, Mark J. Adams, Xueyi Shen, Ian J. Deary, Stephen M. Lawrie, Andrew M. McIntosh, Heather C. Whalley
Summary: This study examined the relationship between depression and brain structure using neuroimaging data and lifetime depression information. The results showed that lifetime depression was consistently associated with reduced white matter integrity, while self-reported depression was negatively correlated with cortical thickness. The effects of different depression phenotypes on brain structure were small overall but significant for cortical thickness.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Gergo Baranyi, Miles Welstead, Janie Corley, Ian J. Deary, Graciela Muniz-Terrera, Paul Redmond, Niamh Shortt, Adele M. Taylor, Catharine Ward Thompson, Simon R. Cox, Jamie Pearce
Summary: This study investigates the impact of neighborhood social deprivation (NSD) on frailty among older adults, and finds that greater accumulated NSD is associated with higher baseline frailty in males, while higher NSD in the mid- to late adulthood period is associated with widening frailty trajectories in females. This is the first investigation of the life-course impact of NSD on frailty in a cohort of older adults.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Matthew H. Iveson, Simon R. Cox, Ian J. Deary
Summary: This study examines the association between intergenerational social mobility and later-life health using diagonal reference models. The results show no significant association between social mobility and later-life health, but individuals from higher occupational social classes have lower mortality rates.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES B-PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Una Clancy, Ratko Radakovic, Fergus Doubal, Maria del C. Valdes Hernandez, Susana Munoz Maniega, Adele M. Taylor, Janie Corley, Francesca M. Chappell, Tom C. Russ, Simon R. Cox, Mark E. Bastin, Ian J. Deary, Joanna M. Wardlaw
Summary: This study aimed to identify the association between apathy, depression, anxiety, and subjective memory complaints with longitudinal white matter hyperintensity (WMH) progression. The study found that apathy symptoms were associated with an increase in WMH, while depression, anxiety, and subjective memory complaints were not.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Tyler Saunders, Ciaran Gunn, Kaj Blennow, Hlin Kvartsberg, Henrik Zetterberg, Susan D. Shenkin, Simon R. Cox, Ian J. Deary, Colin Smith, Declan King, Tara Spires-Jones
Summary: Neurogranin (Ng), a post-synaptic protein, has been investigated as a biomarker for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and aging in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Our study examined Ng abundance in post-mortem human brain tissue in AD, healthy aging (HA), and mid-life (ML) cohorts. Ng levels were quantified using immunohistochemistry in brain regions associated with cognitive change. The results showed significantly reduced Ng levels in AD compared to HA and ML cases, indicating loss of neurogranin in the brain. Our findings support the use of CSF Ng as a biomarker for AD and cognitive decline in healthy aging.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Pyry N. Sipila, Joni V. Lindbohm, G. David Batty, Nelli Heikkila, Jussi Vahtera, Sakari Suominen, Ari Vaananen, Aki Koskinen, Solja T. Nyberg, Seppo Meri, Jaana Pentti, Charlotte Warren-Gash, Andrew C. Hayward, Mika Kivimaki
Summary: This study found that severe infections are associated with an increased risk of major cardiovascular events, with the highest risk occurring in the first month after infection. The association remained elevated throughout the follow-up period. There is a small excess risk of long-term cardiovascular disease associated with severe infections.
Article
Neurosciences
Anna E. Furtjes, Ryan Arathimos, Jonathan R. I. Coleman, James H. Cole, Simon R. Cox, Ian J. Deary, Javier de la Fuente, James W. Madole, Elliot M. Tucker-Drob, Stuart J. Ritchie
Summary: Understanding the neurodegenerative mechanisms of cognitive decline can help detect health issues in late life. This study explores the genetic links between brain morphometry, aging, and cognitive ability using Genomic Principal Components Analysis. The analysis reveals moderate shared genetic etiology between brain-wide morphometry and cognitive aging, suggesting a potential genetic basis for age-related cognitive decline.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
V. Kartik Chundru, Riccardo E. Marioni, James G. D. Prendergast, Tian Lin, Allan J. Beveridge, Nicholas G. Martin, Grant W. Montgomery, David A. Hume, Ian J. Deary, Peter M. Visscher, Naomi R. Wray, Allan F. McRae
Summary: Testing the effect of rare variants on phenotypic variation is challenging due to the need for large cohorts. This study investigates the effect of rare genetic variants on DNA methylation (DNAm) and demonstrates their role in phenotypic variation. The study also shows that extreme levels of DNAm have functional consequences on gene expression.
HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Ashleigh C. Duthie, Jean Hannah, G. David Batty, Ian J. Deary, John M. Starr, Daniel J. Smith, Tom C. Russ
Summary: This study investigated the association between lithium levels in drinking water and the rate of dementia using data from the Scottish Mental Survey 1932. The results showed that lithium levels in drinking water are very low in Scotland, and extremely low levels of lithium are not associated with an increased risk of dementia. However, there was a slight trend towards increased risk in females at lithium levels below 2.1 mu g/L.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Correction
Genetics & Heredity
Ceres Fernandez-Rozadilla, Maria Timofeeva, Zhishan Chen, Philip Law, Minta Thomas, Stephanie Schmit, Virginia Diez-Obrero, Li Hsu, Juan Fernandez-Tajes, Claire Palles, Kitty Sherwood, Sarah Briggs, Victoria Svinti, Kevin Donnelly, Susan Farrington, James Blackmur, Peter Vaughan-Shaw, Xiao-ou Shu, Jirong Long, Qiuyin Cai, Xingyi Guo, Yingchang Lu, Peter Broderick, James Studd, Jeroen Huyghe, Tabitha Harrison, David Conti, Christopher Dampier, Mathew Devall, Fredrick Schumacher, Marilena Melas, Gad Rennert, Mireia Obon-Santacana, Vicente Martin-Sanchez, Ferran Moratalla-Navarro, Jae Hwan Oh, Jeongseon Kim, Sun Ha Jee, Keum Ji Jung, Sun-Seog Kweon, Min-Ho Shin, Aesun Shin, Yoon-Ok Ahn, Dong-Hyun Kim, Isao Oze, Wanqing Wen, Keitaro Matsuo, Koichi Matsuda, Chizu Tanikawa, Zefang Ren, Yu-Tang Gao, Wei-Hua Jia, John Hopper, Mark Jenkins, Aung Ko Win, Rish Pai, Jane Figueiredo, Robert Haile, Steven Gallinger, Michael Woods, Polly Newcomb, David Duggan, Jeremy Cheadle, Richard Kaplan, Timothy Maughan, Rachel Kerr, David Kerr, Iva Kirac, Jan Bohm, Lukka-Pekka Mecklin, Pekka Jousilahti, Paul Knekt, Lauri Aaltonen, Harri Rissanen, Eero Pukkala, Johan Eriksson, Tatiana Cajuso, Ulrika Hanninen, Johanna Kondelin, Kimmo Palin, Tomas Tanskanen, Laura Renkonen-Sinisalo, Brent Zanke, Satu Mannisto, Demetrius Albanes, Stephanie Weinstein, Edward Ruiz-Narvaez, Julie Palmer, Daniel Buchanan, Elizabeth Platz, Kala Visvanathan, Cornelia Ulrich, Erin Siegel, Stefanie Brezina, Andrea Gsur, Peter Campbell, Jenny Chang-Claude, Michael Hoffmeister, Hermann Brenner, Martha Slattery, John Potter, Konstantinos Tsilidis, Matthias Schulze, Marc Gunter, Neil Murphy, Antoni Castells, Sergi Castellvi-Bel, Leticia Moreira, Volker Arndt, Anna Shcherbina, Mariana Stern, Bens Pardamean, Timothy Bishop, Graham Giles, Melissa Southey, Gregory Idos, Kevin McDonnell, Zomoroda Abu-Ful, Joel Greenson, Katerina Shulman, Flavio Lejbkowicz, Kenneth Offit, Yu-Ru Su, Robert Steinfelder, Temitope Keku, Bethany van Guelpen, Thomas Hudson, Heather Hampel, Rachel Pearlman, Sonja Berndt, Richard Hayes, Marie Elena Martinez, Sushma Thomas, Douglas Corley, Paul Pharoah, Susanna Larsson, Yun Yen, Heinz-Josef Lenz, Emily White, Li Li, Kimberly Doheny, Elizabeth Pugh, Tameka Shelford, Andrew Chan, Marcia Cruz-Correa, Annika Lindblom, David Hunter, Amit Joshi, Clemens Schafmayer, Peter Scacheri, Anshul Kundaje, Deborah Nickerson, Robert Schoen, Jochen Hampe, Zsofia Stadler, Pavel Vodicka, Ludmila Vodickova, Veronika Vymetalkova, Nickolas Papadopoulos, Chistopher Edlund, William Gauderman, Duncan Thomas, David Shibata, Amanda Toland, Sanford Markowitz, Andre Kim, Stephen Chanock, Franzel van Duijnhoven, Edith Feskens, Lori Sakoda, Manuela Gago-Dominguez, Alicja Wolk, Alessio Naccarati, Barbara Pardini, Liesel FitzGerald, Soo Chin Lee, Shuji Ogino, Stephanie Bien, Charles Kooperberg, Christopher Li, Yi Lin, Ross Prentice, Conghui Qu, Stephane Bezieau, Catherine Tangen, Elaine Mardis, Taiki Yamaji, Norie Sawada, Motoki Iwasaki, Christopher Haiman, Loic Le Marchand, Anna Wu, Chenxu Qu, Caroline McNeil, Gerhard Coetzee, Caroline Hayward, Ian Deary, Sarah Harris, Evropi Theodoratou, Stuart Reid, Marion Walker, Li Yin Ooi, Victor Moreno, Graham Casey, Stephen Gruber, Ian Tomlinson, Wei Zheng, Malcolm Dunlop, Richard Houlston, Ulrike Peters
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
G. David Batty, Philipp Frank, Urho M. Kujala, Seppo J. Sarna, Jaakko Kaprio
Summary: This study quantified the occurrence of depression and suicide in retired athletes compared to the general population. The results showed that former boxers, Olympic-style wrestlers, and soccer players did not have statistically higher rates of major depressive disorder or suicide. Retired soccer players had a lower rate of depression and former American football players had a lower risk of suicide compared to the control groups.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
G. David Batty, Philipp Frank, Urho M. Kujala, Seppo J. Sarna, Carlos A. Valencia-Hernandez, Jaakko Kaprio
Summary: This study found that retired amateur athletes have a higher risk of dementia compared to the general population, with professional boxers having the highest risk. Retired wrestlers and soccer players also have an increased risk, although lower in magnitude. Furthermore, professional American football players may have a higher risk compared to amateurs.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Michelle Luciano, J. Corley, M. C. Valdes Hernandez, L. C. A. Craig, G. McNeill, M. E. Bastin, I. J. Deary, S. R. Cox, J. M. Wardlaw
Summary: This study examined the association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet at age 70 and longitudinal trajectories of total brain volume over a six-year period from age 73 to 79. The findings showed no significant association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and total brain volume change during this period.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION HEALTH & AGING
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Daniel L. McCartney, Robert F. Hillary, Eleanor L. S. Conole, Daniel Trejo Banos, Danni A. Gadd, Rosie M. Walker, Cliff Nangle, Robin Flaig, Archie Campbell, Alison D. Murray, Susana Munoz Maniega, Maria Del C. Valdes-Hernandez, Mathew A. Harris, Mark E. Bastin, Joanna M. Wardlaw, Sarah E. Harris, David J. Porteous, Elliot M. Tucker-Drob, Andrew M. McIntosh, Kathryn L. Evans, Ian J. Deary, Simon R. Cox, Matthew R. Robinson, Riccardo E. Marioni
Summary: By analyzing blood-based DNA methylation, individual differences in general cognitive function can be explained, which is important for tracking the development of neurodegenerative diseases. Assessing cognitive function using DNAm data may be valuable in environments where reliable or accessible cognitive testing is lacking.
