Article
Psychiatry
G. A. B. R. I. E. L. A. BROOKS, L. U. K. E. CLARK
Summary: This study aims to investigate the relationship between schizotypy, gambling-related cognitive distortions, and problem gambling. The results show that schizotypy is moderately associated with erroneous gambling beliefs and problem gambling.
JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL ADDICTIONS
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Javier Esparza-Reig, Manuel Marti-Vilar, Francisco Gonzalez-Sala, Cesar Merino-Soto, Gregorio Hernandez-Salinas, Filiberto Toledano-Toledano
Summary: This research investigates gambling addiction using an integrative model and a concept of cognitive distortions. The results show that clinical, social and cognitive factors are correlated with gambling addiction, and an explanatory model is proposed. The findings provide important theoretical support for prevention and intervention programs for gambling addiction.
Article
Engineering, Marine
Yangyu Zhou, Jiaxuan Yang, Xingpei Bian, Lingqi Ma, Zhen Kang
Summary: This study uses near miss data to analyze marine traffic risk, proposes a model based on an arena for detecting near miss scenes, and develops statistical and collision risk models based on near miss to research the geographical distribution characteristics of marine traffic risk. The findings can provide theoretical support for marine safety management.
JOURNAL OF NAVIGATION
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Larry O. Awo, Lawrence O. Amazue
Summary: The study found that predictive control can moderate the association between near-miss effect and gambling intention, with increased predictive control leading to decreased gambling intention. The results also show that late-miss is associated with decreased gambling intention for participants with high and moderate predictive control, but associated with increased gambling intention for those with low predictive control.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH AND ADDICTION
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Emmanuel Breysse, Julie Meffre, Yann Pelloux, Catharine A. Winstanley, Christelle Baunez
Summary: Bilateral STN lesions in rats were found to reduce risk-taking behavior in both the PDT and loss-chasing task, suggesting that STN inactivation could decrease risky decision-making. However, opposite results were observed in a small number of animals with lesions extending to the zona incerta, indicating the specificity of STN involvement in these processes.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Lauren Nicole Dupey Larsen, Peter D. Howe, Mark Brunson, Larissa Yocom, Darren McAvoy, E. Helen Berry, Jordan W. Smith
Summary: This study examines how near-miss wildfires influence residents' risk perceptions and fire mitigation behaviors, finding that risk perceptions decrease while intentions to take mitigation actions increase after the fire. Near-miss wildfires provide a unique opportunity for increasing community preparedness and engagement in wildfire risk mitigation actions.
LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING
(2021)
Article
Economics
Xianhang Qian, Qian Wu
Summary: This study examines the impact of local gambling preferences on banks' risk-taking, finding a significant positive association between the two. The association is more pronounced for banks with fewer independent directors, local auditors, or located in provinces with lower marketization levels.
ECONOMIC MODELLING
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Social
Katarzyna Sekscinska, Diana Jaworska, Joanna Rudzinska-Wojciechowska
Summary: The studies found that individuals with high self-esteem are more likely to engage in investment and take financial risks, both as a general trait and when self-esteem is temporarily changed. Additionally, there is an interaction between general self-esteem and temporarily changed self-esteem in influencing financial risk propensities.
PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Social
Katarzyna Sekscinska, Joanna Rudzinska-Wojciechowska
Summary: This study aims to build a model of people's risky financial choices when gambling by considering psychological constructs that have been demonstrated to predict such choices in earlier studies. The study found that self-control and net income per capita decrease risk-taking in lotteries, while self-esteem, psychopathy, present hedonistic time perspective, and sense of power enhance gambling risk-taking.
PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ursula Gazeley, Antonino Polizzi, Julio E. Romero-Prieto, Jose Manuel Aburto, Georges Reniers, Veronique Filippi
Summary: The lifetime risk of maternal near miss (MNM) is a needed indicator of maternal morbidity as existing measures do not capture the cumulative risk over a woman's reproductive life course.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
Mehmet Cakici, Nuriye Sancar, Ayse Buran, Gokce Cakir Sahan, Beniz Yilmaz
Summary: The study successfully developed a Near Miss Scale (NMS) to assess gambling tendency, which includes 30 items and has been validated for its effectiveness and reliability in gambling research.
JOURNAL OF GAMBLING STUDIES
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ruo-Yah Lai, Natasha A. Desai, Christian J. Amlang, Chi-Ying R. Lin, Tiffany X. Chen, Michael J. Minyetty, Nadia Amokrane, Sheng-Han Kuo
Summary: People with cerebellar ataxia (CA) can develop impulsive and compulsive behaviors. This study used the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) to assess the decision-making process associated with these behaviors and found that CA patients performed worse than the control group on the IGT.
PARKINSONISM & RELATED DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Economics
Matthew Shum, Yi Xin
Summary: This study provides evidence of time-varying risk preferences among automobile drivers. Analyzing driving behavior data, the researchers find that drivers tend to drive more conservatively following near-miss accidents, suggesting an increase in risk aversion. These changes in behavior may have a small impact on insurance costs.
REVIEW OF ECONOMICS AND STATISTICS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bernard M. A. G. Piette, Arpad Lukacs
Summary: After discovering nearly symmetric protein cages through experiments, we introduce the concept of homogeneous symmetric congruent equivalent near-miss polyhedral cages made of P-gons. We utilize group theory to parameterize the feasible configurations and numerically minimize the irregularity of the P-gons to generate all such polyhedral cages for P=6 to P=20, with deformation up to 10%.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Akira Tanimoto, So Yamada, Takashi Takenouchi, Masashi Sugiyama, Hisashi Kashima
Summary: Class imbalance is a significant issue in classification, especially for rare classes, which often become a performance bottleneck. However, in real-world scenarios, instances that are negative but nearly positive can be plentiful. By obtaining refined label-like side-information, accuracy can be improved. Our approach aligns with learning using privileged information (LUPI) and has been proven to reduce estimation variance and achieve superior performance.
EXPERT SYSTEMS WITH APPLICATIONS
(2022)
Review
Substance Abuse
Nassim Tabri, Silas Xuereb, Natalie Cringle, Luke Clark
Summary: The meta-analysis found that financial gambling motives are positively associated with both gambling frequency and level of problem gambling, even after controlling for other gambling motives. Effect sizes varied and moderators such as the type of gambling motives measure and sample mean age were identified.
Editorial Material
Substance Abuse
Luke Clark, Michael J. A. Wohl
Summary: E.J. Langer's paper on 'The illusion of control' highlighted people's illusory beliefs in controlling chance-determined games, impacting the field of gambling studies. This work inspired therapeutic and preventative approaches, as well as regulatory scrutiny of skill mechanics in modern gambling products.
Article
Substance Abuse
Eve H. Limbrick-Oldfield, Candy Chua, Natalie Cringle, Kent MacDonald, Mario A. Ferrari, Ke Zhang, Luke Clark
Summary: Research suggests that cash purchases create a 'pain of paying' while more abstract forms of payment alleviate it; although the impact of mode of payment on gambling behavior was not directly demonstrated, findings from experiments showed systematic influences on certain gambling behaviors.
ADDICTION RESEARCH & THEORY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Substance Abuse
Joel Billieux, Celine Bonnaire, Henrietta Bowden-Jones, Luke Clark
Article
Neurosciences
Brandon J. Forys, Ryan J. Tomm, Dayana Stamboliyska, Alex R. Terpstra, Luke Clark, Trisha Chakrabarty, Stan B. Floresco, Rebecca M. Todd
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between anxiety and depression levels and performance in effortful active and inhibitory avoidance as well as reward seeking. The results showed that men exerted more effort than women in both avoidance and reward-seeking tasks, and higher anxiety scores were associated with worse performance in active reward-seeking. Additionally, gender interacted with anxiety scores and inhibitory avoidance performance, with women showing worse avoidance performance when they had higher anxiety levels.
Article
Psychology, Biological
Xin Wang, Jiajun Liao, Yu Nan, Jie Hu, Yin Wu
Summary: Testosterone is associated with aggressive and prosocial behavior, but its effects on prosocial behavior without trade-offs are not well-known. This study investigated the effects of exogenous testosterone on prosocial behavior using a learning task. Results showed that testosterone administration increased learning rates across all recipient conditions and participants in the testosterone group had a higher prosocial learning rate than those in the placebo group. These findings suggest that testosterone enhances reward sensitivity and prosocial learning, supporting the social status hypothesis.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yan Wu, Yin Wu, Liuxi Chu, Haoran Yang, Wei Wang, Huihua Deng
Summary: In recent years, research on the effects of testosterone on human neuropsychological behaviors has expanded rapidly. However, the optimal time-lag between testosterone administration and behavior measurement remains unclear, hindering causal understanding of the testosterone effect. This study examined the salivary profiles of biomarkers in healthy males after transdermal testosterone administration to determine the optimal time-lag. Results showed that salivary testosterone levels peaked at 2 hours after 450-mg testosterone administration and 1 hour after 150-mg testosterone administration. Salivary androstenedione and DHEA also increased with testosterone, while cortisol and cortisone decreased due to circadian rhythm. The findings recommended a 1-hour time-lag for measuring the effects of testosterone on human behaviors in transdermal testosterone challenge research.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yuting Ye, Yu Nan, Ran Wei, Yin Wu
Summary: This study found that the androstadienone hormone has different effects on the perception of negative emotions in heterosexual men and women. It makes heterosexual men perceive male faces as less angry, while making heterosexual women perceive female faces as angrier. However, it does not affect the perception of fearful faces.
PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jiajun Liao, Jianxin Ou, Yang Hu, Philippe N. Tobler, Yin Wu
Summary: Fairness concerns are important in promoting cooperation in human societies. Studies have found a correlation between individual testosterone levels and social preferences related to fairness. This study investigated the causal effects of testosterone administration on fairness-related decision making using a randomized, double-blind, between-participant design. The results showed that testosterone reduced aversion to advantageous inequality but enhanced aversion to disadvantageous inequality. These findings suggest that testosterone facilitates decisions that prioritize selfish economic motives over fairness concerns.
PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Gabriel A. Brooks, Luke Clark
Summary: Cross-sectional studies have shown a strong correlation between loot box engagement and problem gambling, but the causal relationship is still unclear. This longitudinal study investigates the possibility of 'migration' from loot box use to gambling initiation six months later. The findings indicate empirical evidence for migration from loot boxes to gambling and suggest the need for regulatory measures for young gamers and gamblers.
COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nace Mikus, Christoph Eisenegger, Christoph Mathys, Luke Clark, Ulrich Mueller, Trevor W. Robbins, Claus Lamm, Michael Naef
Summary: The study investigates the impact of the D2/D3 dopamine receptor antagonist sulpiride on learning about other people's prosocial attitudes. The results show that sulpiride increases the volatility of beliefs, leading to higher precision weights on prediction errors. This effect is more significant in participants with genetically conferred higher dopamine availability and remains even after controlling for working memory performance. The findings demonstrate the importance of D2 receptors in regulating belief updating in a social context.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
Jenna L. Vieira, Hyoun S. Kim, Luke Clark, Nassim Tabri, Michael J. A. Wohl
Summary: This research aimed to assess factors that motivate in-play sports betting and found that emotion regulation motives and impulsivity influenced the frequency of in-play betting. The results showed that individuals reported increased excitement after placing an in-play bet, and the relationship between emotion regulation motives and in-play betting frequency was amplified among those with high trait affective impulsivity.
PSYCHOLOGY OF ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Yin Wu, Ran Wei, Yu Nan, Yang Hu, Yuting Ye
Summary: This study investigates the effects of androstadienone, a potential human sex pheromone, on aggression. The results show that smelling androstadienone reduces both reactive and proactive aggression in men, but increases reactive aggression in women.
SOCIAL COGNITIVE AND AFFECTIVE NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
Mario A. Ferrari, Eve H. Limbrick-Oldfield, Luke Clark
Summary: Habit formation is a crucial process in addictive behaviors, but it has not been extensively studied in the context of gambling. This study used fixed-effects regressions to examine habit formation and its predictors in slot machine gambling.
INTERNATIONAL GAMBLING STUDIES
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Fiza Arshad, Luke Clark
Summary: This review examines the importance of immersion in gambling addiction and other behavioral addictions, as well as the neural systems and neurochemical substrates involved in this state. Previous research has mainly focused on immersion from the perspectives of dissociation and flow theory. Immersive experiences are also observed in other forms of addiction. The neural basis of immersion is influenced by the regulation of dopamine and potentially noradrenergic pathways, and further research is needed to refine measurement and integrate dissociation and flow perspectives.
CURRENT BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE REPORTS
(2022)
