Article
Management
Katharina Dinhof, Sheeling Neo, Isa Bertram, Robin Bouwman, Noortje de Boer, Gabriela Szydlowski, Jurgen Willems, Lars Tummers
Summary: Public employees are often stereotyped as lazy and inefficient. However, a study found that these negative stereotypes do not affect their task-performance.
PUBLIC MANAGEMENT REVIEW
(2023)
Review
Communication
Markus Appel, Silvana Weber
Summary: The stereotype threat theory suggests that negative stereotypes in the media can harm members of negatively portrayed groups, while non-affected groups may even experience reverse effects. The results of a meta-analysis support this theory, while also analyzing the stereotype lift hypothesis.
COMMUNICATION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Sarah Kheloui, Alexandra Brouillard, Mathias Rossi, Marie-France Marin, Adrianna Mendrek, Daniel Paquette, Robert-Paul Juster
Summary: The study aimed to explore the factors influencing cognitive abilities, showing that men outperformed women in mental rotation tasks while no significant difference was found in verbal fluency tasks. Additionally, sex hormones may have a positive impact on cognitive performance in women, and gender roles may have an interactive effect on cognitive abilities.
Article
Psychology, Applied
R. Gabrielle Swab, Golshan Javadian, Vishal K. Gupta, Charles A. Pierce
Summary: This article evaluates the Stereotype Threat Theory (STT) using a 3E framework, highlighting areas of progress and gaps to be addressed. The systematic approach allows for a rigorous articulation of the 3E framework for future theory assessment work and suggests ways to improve and extend STT research in new directions.
GROUP & ORGANIZATION MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Review
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Sandra Monteiro, Teresa M. Chan, Renate Kahlke
Summary: This study aims to deepen our understanding of why women may 'say no' when offered or given opportunities for advancement, leadership, or recognition. The gender disparities in leadership positions, invited keynote speakers, and publication counts in academic medicine are stubborn and require a synthesis of knowledge from various disciplines. The study uses a narrative critical review methodology to explore the reasons behind this phenomenon.
Article
Neurosciences
Marco La Marra, Ciro Rosario Ilardi, Ines Villano, Mario Carosella, Maria Staiano, Alessandro Iavarone, Sergio Chieffi, Giovanni Messina, Rita Polito, Alessia Scarinci, Vincenzo Monda, Girolamo Di Maio, Antonietta Messina
Summary: This study aimed to examine the relationship between executive functions and obesity, comparing different weight groups. The results showed no difference in executive functions between obese patients and overweight or normal-weight individuals, but morbidly obese patients had lower executive performance. These findings support the association between morbid obesity and impaired executive functioning.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
H. Domergue, S. C. Regueme, O. L. Zafra, L. Manaz-Rodriguez, A. Sinclair, I Bourdel-Marchasson
Summary: The study found that in frail or prefrail older adults with diabetes, slower walking speed was associated with a faster decline in category fluency.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION HEALTH & AGING
(2021)
Article
Business
Mohammed El Hazzouri, Sergio W. Carvalho, Kelley Main
Summary: Consumers may experience dissociative threat in domains stereotypically linked to undesirable groups, leading them to use inability signaling as a self-presentational strategy to signal low ability in these dissociative domains. The study identifies factors that influence this threat and suggests that marketers need to consider the impact of stereotypes on consumer segments when promoting products. Participants experiencing dissociative threats showed improved performance when confirmed to lack ability in these domains, highlighting the importance of understanding and addressing dissociative threat in marketing strategies.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MARKETING
(2021)
Article
Business
Rebecca Ponce de Leon, Ashleigh Shelby Rosette
Summary: By integrating the intersectional invisibility hypothesis with the behaviors from intergroup affect and stereotypes map framework, this study examines the extent to which Black women's dual-subordinated identities render them nonprototypical victims of discrimination, and the corresponding consequences.
ACADEMY OF MANAGEMENT JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Educational
Jing Li, Ros McLellan
Summary: The study found that in high schools in China, students learning English tend to stereotype female learners as more talented, positive, and successful in English, with girls and older students holding stronger stereotypes. An experiment also showed that activating female-language stereotypes can negatively impact boys' performance in English tests.
CONTEMPORARY EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Social
Kimberly Rios
Summary: The study found that when stereotypes of Christianity being incompatible with science are emphasized, Christians perform worse on scientific reasoning tasks and are more likely to feel stereotype threat. This effect is most pronounced among Christians who strongly identify with science and are worried about confirming negative stereotypes.
PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY BULLETIN
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Oliver C. Schultheiss, Martin G. Koellner, Holger Busch, Jan Hofer
Summary: When assessing verbal fluency through narrative writing, a robust female advantage is evident, associated with the reproductive life stage and variations in current estradiol concentrations, particularly in individuals prenatally exposed to relatively more estradiol than testosterone.
Article
Education & Educational Research
Laura Froehlich, Sog Yee Mok, Sarah E. Martiny, Kay Deaux
Summary: Turkish-origin migrants generally perform worse academically than Germans, and this difference cannot be fully explained by socio-economic factors. Negative competence stereotypes affect how German preservice teachers attribute the academic underperformance of migrants. Stereotype threat theory provides a social-psychological explanation for the lower academic performance of Turkish-origin migrants, suggesting that the activation of negative stereotypes can negatively impact their performance in test situations.
EUROPEAN EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Shijia Fang, Xinlin Zhou
Summary: There is a correlation between form perception speed and arithmetic fluency, with faster form perception speed being able to explain the relationship between non-verbal number sense and arithmetic fluency.
Article
Psychology, Biological
Roger C. McIntosh, Tasneem Khambaty, Maria M. Llabre, Krista M. Perreira, Hector M. Gonzalez, Mayank M. Kansal, Wassim Tarraf, Neil Schneiderman
Summary: Empirical evidence suggests that elevated vagal tone, indexed by heart rate variability (HRV), can mitigate the deleterious effects of chronic stress on prefrontal lobe functioning. The study assessed how HRV interacts with stress on cognitive performance and found that individuals with higher quartile of SDNN showed better cognitive performance under chronic stress.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Psychiatry
Kirsten Jordan, Tamara Sheila Nadine Wild, Peter Fromberger, Isabel Mueller, Juergen Leo Mueller
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2020)
Article
Psychiatry
Tamara S. N. Wild, Isabel Mueller, Peter Fromberger, Kirsten Jordan, Lenka Klein, Juergen L. Mueller
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2020)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Sophie Hodgetts, Markus Hausmann
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Sarah Weber, Markus Hausmann, Philip Kane, Susanne Weis
Article
Neurosciences
Markus Hausmann
Summary: There is strong evidence suggesting differences in brain activity between men and women in long-term memory and other cognitive functions. While sex/gender is not fully understood as a proxy for underlying biological and psychosocial factors, cognitive neuroscience within a biopsychosocial approach plays a key role in investigating these differences for a better understanding.
COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Mona S. Kloeckner, Kirsten Jordan, Kent A. Kiehl, Prashanth K. Nyalakanti, Carla L. Harenski, Juergen L. Mueller
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the neuroanatomical correlates of child sexual offending, separate from those of pedophilia, by analyzing gray matter using MRI data. Results revealed reduced gray matter in specific brain regions in child sexual offenders, suggesting potential brain structural abnormalities related to pedophilia.
PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Markus Hausmann, Michael C. Corballis, Mara Fabri
Summary: Previous research has shown a strong right bias in attention allocation in split brain subjects, even after functional disconnection of intact right-hemispheric areas. The results from two split-brain patients revealed a pathological rightward bias in attention allocation, suggesting a strong dependence on the left hemisphere in spatial attention, which is opposite to what is normally expected in individuals with intact commissures.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Marco Hirnstein, Markus Hausmann
Summary: This commentary rejects the extreme 'sexual dimorphism' concept and emphasizes the importance of sex/gender differences in the brain, highlighting that even small effects can have meaningful behavioral consequences. It suggests that non-binary sex/gender-related factors may better explain individual differences and play important roles in the etiology of mental and neurodevelopmental disorders. The conclusion underscores the significance of the biopsychosocial approach in understanding sex/gender differences in the brain.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Vojtech Smekal, D. Michael Burt, Robert W. Kentridge, Markus Hausmann
Summary: This study aims to address the inconsistencies in the literature regarding the dominance of the right cerebral hemisphere in emotional face perception, specifically exploring the effects of emotional expression intensity, different emotions, and conscious perception. The findings support the hypothesis of right hemisphere dominance in emotional lateralization, while also suggesting that the dominance may be influenced by task difficulty and visual perception strategy.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Marco Hirnstein, Josephine Stuebs, Angelica Moe, Markus Hausmann
Summary: Women have a slight advantage in verbal abilities, particularly in phonemic fluency and recall. The gender difference in semantic fluency and recognition appears to be category-dependent. Published articles report stronger female advantages, and first authors believe their own gender performs better.
PERSPECTIVES ON PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ramune Griksiene, Rimante Gaizauskaite, Indre Pretkelyte, Markus Hausmann
Summary: The present study assessed the functional cerebral asymmetries of visual working memory (VWM) in relation to language lateralization. The results showed that men and women performed more accurately and faster in the right visual half-field for VWM tasks. In the lexical decision task, a right visual half-field advantage was observed in performance accuracy. There was no relationship between lateralization in VWM and lexical decision. VWM performance accuracy decreased significantly with increasing asymmetry, especially for women.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Guy Vingerhoets, Helena Verhelst, Robin Gerrits, Nicholas Badcock, Dorothy V. M. Bishop, David Carey, Jason Flindall, Gina Grimshaw, Lauren Julius Harris, Markus Hausmann, Marco Hirnstein, Lutz Jancke, Marc Joliot, Karsten Specht, Rene Westerhausen
Summary: This study aims to establish consensus on best practices for assessing and reporting left-right asymmetry in various methods of laterality research. Experts in the field were surveyed and their input was used to generate key recommendations.
Article
Neurosciences
Linda Arrighi, Markus Hausmann
Summary: A recent study found that the male advantage in mental rotation is the largest cognitive sex/gender difference in psychological literature. This study further investigated the impact of spatial anxiety and self-confidence on these gender differences.
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Angelica Moe, Markus Hausmann, Marco Hirnstein
Summary: The study found that men were more likely to endorse male-favouring stereotypes while women were more likely to endorse female-favouring stereotypes. STEM students were more likely to endorse gender stereotypes than non-STEM students, and female STEM students had a stronger belief in the ability to change and improve male-favouring abilities.
PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH-PSYCHOLOGISCHE FORSCHUNG
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Markus Hausmann, Bobby R. Innes, Yan K. Birch, Robert W. Kentridge
Summary: This study examined hemispheric asymmetries in emotional face perception, finding that only broadband expressions produced a LVF/RH bias, while only happiness revealed a significant LVF/RH bias in hybrid images. This suggests that the low spatial frequency content of emotional facial expressions may not be sufficient to induce an LVF bias under free-viewing conditions, where the bias is primarily cortically mediated.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Shanshan Xiao, Natalie C. Ebner, Amirhossein Manzouri, Tie-Qiang Li, Diana S. Cortes, Kristoffer N. T. Mansson, Hakan Fischer
Summary: The mechanisms through which intranasal oxytocin affects the brain are not fully understood, but recent research suggests that brain regions with a higher density of oxytocin receptors may play a key role. This study used resting-state fMRI to investigate the effects of intranasal oxytocin administration on connectivity between these receptor-enriched regions and other regions in the brain, and found that the effects varied depending on the age of the participants.
PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lisa Haase, Antonia Vehlen, Julia Strojny, Gregor Domes
Summary: This study found no significant changes in the cortisol awakening response (CAR) over the menstrual cycle, and no significant association with variations in estradiol and progesterone. These results suggest that CAR is largely robust against hormonal variations across the menstrual cycle.
PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Derek Schaeuble, Tyler Wallace, Sebastian A. Pace, Shane T. Hentges, Brent Myers
Summary: Depression and cardiovascular disease are influenced by daily life stress, but the biological mechanisms behind this connection are not well understood. This study shows that the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) plays a role in regulating stress responses and behavior, with sex-specific effects. In males, the vmPFC-PH circuitry promotes positive motivation and reduces stress responses, while in females it elevates stress responses. This suggests that cortical regulation of stress reactivity and behavior is mediated by projections to the hypothalamus in a sex-specific manner.
PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jose M. Guzman, Montana H. Boone, Gabriela L. Suarez, Colter Mitchell, Christopher S. Monk, Luke W. Hyde, Nestor L. Lopez-Duran
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to increased life stress and internalizing disorders, with a disproportionate impact on women. This study focused on the neuroendocrinology of stress-related disorders and found that women have lower cortisol responses and higher DHEA responses to stress. However, lower cortisol and higher DHEA are associated with internalizing disorders in women, while the opposite is true in men. The study also examined the relationship between COVID-related stress and internalizing symptoms and found gender differences in the association between DHEA and cortisol and internalizing outcomes. These findings suggest distinct neuroendocrine pathways for stress-related disorders in young men and women.
PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Meriah L. Dejoseph, Keira B. Leneman, Alyssa R. Palmer, Emily R. Padrutt, Otiti A. Mayo, Daniel Berry
Summary: Childhood and adolescence are critical periods for the development of the stress response system. This study found a modest positive relation between the adrenocortical and sympathetic systems, as well as between the adrenocortical and parasympathetic systems. The strength of these associations varied based on methodological and sociodemographic characteristics.
PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Qiong Xiang, Jia-Sheng Tao, Shuai Dong, Xiao-Lin Liu, Liang Yang, Li-Ni Liu, Jing Deng, Xian-Hui Li
Summary: Chronic hyperglycemia accelerates the pathological process of cognitive dysfunction, but the heterogeneity of hippocampal cells under long-term high glucose conditions is not well known. In this study, single-cell RNA sequencing was performed on diabetic mice, and distinct cell sub-clusters and important genes involved in neuroplasticity regulation were identified.
PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Roger Mcintosh, Hannah Hoogerwoerd, Salman S. Ahmad, Cassandra Michel, Kaitlyn Dillon, Mahendra Kumar, Gail Ironson
Summary: The study found that a 4-session guided written emotional disclosure intervention led to significant reductions in total output and concentration of epinephrine in urine for up to 6 months in individuals living with HIV. This effect was especially pronounced in women. However, there were no significant changes in norepinephrine output in urine.
PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Meredith Gruhn, Adam Bryant Miller, Tory A. Eisenlohr-Moul, Sophia Martin, Matthew G. Clayton, Matteo Giletta, Paul D. Hastings, Matthew K. Nock, Karen D. Rudolph, George M. Slavich, Mitchell J. Prinstein, Margaret A. Sheridan
Summary: This study investigates how early life adversity characterized by threat impacts the association between neural activity and cortisol production during emotion processing. The results suggest that threat exposure may moderate the relationship between neural activation and cortisol response.
PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2024)
