Article
Neurosciences
Thorsten Rudroff, Craig D. Workman, Phillip E. Gander, Justin R. Deters, Laura L. Boles Ponto
Summary: This study aimed to assess the effects of chronic use of Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol on cognitive function, motor function, and cerebral glucose metabolism in older adults. The study found that Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol users performed worse on the Flanker Test and had altered brain activity. This suggests that chronic use of Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol in older adults may have negative effects on cognitive ability and brain function.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Rahel Rabi, Ricky Chow, Shahier Paracha, Lynn Hasher, Sandra Gardner, Nicole D. Anderson, Claude Alain
Summary: The study investigated the effects of aging and time of day (TOD) on inhibitory processing using electrophysiological measures. The results showed that both younger and older adults displayed greater modulation of certain neural correlates during non-optimal TOD, indicating a synchrony effect. Age-related reductions in inhibitory efficiency were also observed during off-peak test times. These findings highlight the importance of considering circadian typology in research studies and the sensitivity of electrophysiological measures in detecting time effects.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Hiroyuki Muto, Maki Suzuki, Kaoru Sekiyama
Summary: This study examines the changes in implicit motor imagery during advanced aging and their associations with physical motor deficits. The results show that older adults have lower performance in motor imagery compared to young adults, with stronger biomechanical constraint effects on hand and foot rotation. Moreover, the foot biomechanical constraint effect increases during late adulthood and declines in hand and foot motor imagery occur earlier than declines in visual imagery.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Talia N. Shirazi, Kate Levenberg, Heather Cunningham, Heather Self, Khytam Dawood, Rodrigo Cardenas, Triana L. Ortiz, Justin M. Carre, S. Marc Breedlove, David A. Puts
Summary: The study aimed to clarify the impact of progestogens and estrogens on visuospatial cognition by relating mental rotation task performance to salivary hormone concentrations. The results showed a small positive effect of within-subjects changes in progesterone on task performance, while estradiol did not significantly predict task performance.
HORMONES AND BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Yuxin Zhu, Fenghua Sun, Ming Ming Chiu, Agatha Yi-Sum Siu
Summary: The study found that executive function was greater after a 10-minute rest during recovery compared to immediately after exercise, and minor differences in the effects on executive function were observed between the different high-intensity interval exercise or moderate-intensity continuous exercise protocols adopted in the study.
PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Francisco Rocabado, Jon Andoni Dunabeitia
Summary: Executive functions are crucial for regulating behavior, with inhibitory control being a main component. The accessibility of virtual reality technology has allowed for the development of new research methods to investigate inhibitory control in real-world settings, while still maintaining high measurement accuracy.
BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Panagiotis Giannos, Konstantinos Prokopidis, David D. Church, Ben Kirk, Paul T. Morgan, Mary Ni Lochlainn, Helen Macpherson, David R. Woods, Theocharis Ispoglou
Summary: This study found a significant positive association between calculated bioavailable testosterone and processing speed, sustained attention, and working memory in older men above 60 years of age.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Anthony G. Velasquez, Adam Gazzaley, Heishiro Toyoda, David A. Ziegler, Ezequiel Morsella
Summary: The results suggest that involuntary effects involving competing representations can arise under dual-task conditions. The laboratory task has implications for semi-automated driving and provides constraints for theoretical models of cognitive resources.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Rahel Rabi, Ricky Chow, Shahier Paracha, Lynn Hasher, Sandra Gardner, Nicole D. Anderson, Claude Alain
Summary: This study found inhibition deficits in individuals with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), with a more significant impact observed during non-optimal time of day.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Sergio Miguel Pereira Soares, Yanina Prystauka, Vincent DeLuca, Jason Rothman
Summary: The present study examines the impact of individual differences in bilingual language experience on neurocognitive outcomes using EEG time-frequency representations. The results suggest that individual differences in bilingual language experience modulate oscillatory dynamics related to inhibition and cognitive control. However, there were no significant differences between different bilingual group types. Furthermore, the age of bilingual onset appears to independently influence the outcomes of individual differences.
FRONTIERS IN HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Cristina Rossi, Ryan T. Roemmich, Nicolas Schweighofer, Amy J. Bastian, Kristan A. Leech
Summary: The study found that dual-tasking had no effect on cognitive performance but interfered with adaptation in young adults, while in late middle-aged adults, it led to a decrement in cognitive performance without affecting adaptation. Late middle-aged adults dual-tasking in a complex environment showed less cognitive-motor interference compared to those dual-tasking during adaptation. Savings was not impacted by dual-tasking in both young and late middle-aged adults, suggesting different underlying mechanisms for savings of reaching and walking.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Yiyan Li, Tang Zhou, Yanhua Lu, Menghao Sang, Jiajia Liu, Xiaolong He, Minghui Quan
Summary: This study aimed to explore the association between health-related physical fitness and inhibitory control in preschool children. The results showed a negative relationship between health-related physical fitness and reaction time of inhibitory control in preschoolers.
Article
Psychology
Maria M. Robinson, Mark Steyvers
Summary: This article discusses the importance of building theories to explain or predict variations in cognitive control. By studying computational models of two canonical cognitive control tasks, it is found that the flanker and task-switching tasks probe common control processes.
PSYCHOLOGICAL REVIEW
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Alison Ruth Weiss, Henryk Francis Urbanski
Summary: Old male rhesus macaques often show cognitive impairment, and it is unclear if age-associated decreases in circulating androgen levels are causally related to cognition. To test this, old male rhesus macaques were given testosterone and DHEA supplements, but there were no differences in task performance compared to controls.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Naz Doganci, Giannina Rita Iannotti, Selim Yahia Coll, Radek Ptak
Summary: Functional neuroimaging shows that dorsal frontoparietal regions exhibit conjoint activity during various motor and cognitive tasks. This study investigates whether these regions serve several independent functions or are part of a core motor process that is reused for higher-order functions. The results support the hypothesis that mental rotation capacity relies on an older motor process rooted in these areas.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Helen Hanson, Miranda Durkie, Fiona Lalloo, Louise Izatt, Terri P. McVeigh, Jackie A. Cook, Carole Brewer, James Drummond, Samantha Butler, Treena Cranston, Ruth Casey, Tricia Tan, Daniel Morganstein, Diana M. Eccles, Marc Tischkowitz, Clare Turnbull, Emma Roisin Woodward, Eamonn R. Maher
Summary: SDHA PGV carriers are common in patients with paraganglioma and phaeochromocytoma, and the variant often presents as sporadic tumors in patients without family history. Studies show that the penetrance of SDHA-associated tumors is low, which poses challenges for surveillance and management.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Sophie van der Feltz, Susan Peters, Anjoeka Pronk, Vivi Schlunssen, Zara A. Stokholm, Henrik A. Kolstad, Karin van Veldhoven, Ioannis Basinas, Martie van Tongeren, Alex Burdorf, Karen M. Oude Hengel
Summary: This study validates the COVID-19 Job Exposure Matrix (COVID-19-JEM) by comparing risk scores assigned by the COVID-19-JEM with self-reported data, and estimating the associations between the COVID-19-JEM risk scores and self-reported COVID-19. The results show a good agreement between the COVID-19-JEM and self-reported infection risks and infection rates at work.
ANNALS OF WORK EXPOSURES AND HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Roos W. Hijdra, Suzan J. W. Robroek, Alex Burdorf, Merel Schuring
Summary: This study examines the impact of disease onset on leaving paid employment and whether this varies across different diseases and sociodemographic groups. The results show that the onset of mental health disorders is the most significant risk factor for leaving paid employment, and disease onset increases the likelihood of exiting. The influence of mental health problems on leaving paid employment decreases after middle age. Individuals with a non-native Dutch background and males are more affected by mental health problems.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF WORK ENVIRONMENT & HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Chiea Chuen Khor, Stefan Winter, Natalia Sutiman, Thomas E. Muerdter, Sylvia Chen, Joanne Siok Liu Lim, Zheng Li, Jingmei Li, Kar Seng Sim, Boian Ganchev, Diana Eccles, Bryony Eccles, William Tapper, Nathalie K. K. Zgheib, Arafat Tfayli, Raymond Chee Hui Ng, Yoon Sim Yap, Elaine Lim, Mabel Wong, Nan Soon Wong, Peter Cher Siang Ang, Rebecca Dent, Roman Tremmel, Kathrin Klein, Elke Schaeffeler, Yitian Zhou, Volker M. M. Lauschke, Michel Eichelbaum, Matthias Schwab, Hiltrud B. B. Brauch, Balram Chowbay, Werner Schroth
Summary: The extended CYP2D6 locus at 22q13 is the principal genetic determinant of endoxifen plasma concentration, as revealed by the first cross-ancestry genome-wide association study. Functional analysis showed that 66% of the associated variants in this region were significantly correlated with hepatic CYP2D6 activity or expression. Machine learning models demonstrated that hotspot variants in this region, combined with CYP2D6 activity score, could explain a significant portion of the variability in tamoxifen metabolites.
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Sarah Rhodes, Sarah Beale, Jack Wilkinson, Karin van Veldhoven, Ioannis Basinas, William Mueller, Karen Marieke Oude Hengel, Alex Burdorf, Susan Peters, Zara A. Stokholm, Vivi Schlunssen, Henrik Kolstad, Anjoeka Pronk, Neil Pearce, Andrew Hayward, Martie van Tongeren
Summary: This study aimed to assess the association between workplace exposures estimated via a COVID-19 job exposure matrix (JEM) and SARS-CoV-2 in the UK. The results showed that in the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, higher risk classifications for factors such as number of contacts, nature of contacts, contacts via surfaces, indoor or outdoor location, ability to social distance, and use of face coverings were associated with an increased risk of infection. However, these associations appear to have diminished over time.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF WORK ENVIRONMENT & HEALTH
(2023)
Correction
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Lili L. Kokai, Marte F. van der Bijl, Martin S. Hagger, Diarmaid T. O. Ceallaigh, Kirsten I. M. Rohde, Hans van Kippersluis, Alex Burdorf, Johannes J. J. Duvekot, Jeanine E. Roeters van Lennep, Anne Wijtzes
Review
Engineering, Industrial
Alessandro Chiarotto, Heike Gerger, Rogier M. van Rijn, Roy G. Elbers, Erin M. Macri, Jennie A. Jackson, Alex Burdorf, Bart W. Koes, Karen Sogaard
Summary: This systematic review updated a previous review on work-related physical and psychosocial risk factors for elbow disorders. Multiple databases were searched for studies on the associations between work-related physical or psychosocial factors and elbow disorders. The results showed that combined physical exposure indicators were associated with the occurrence of lateral epicondylitis, but no consistent associations were found for other exposures. These results do not allow for strong conclusions regarding the associations between work-related exposures and elbow disorders.
APPLIED ERGONOMICS
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Fabio Porru, Merel Schuring, Witte J. G. Hoogendijk, Alex Burdorf, Suzan J. W. Robroek
Summary: This longitudinal study examines the impact of mental disorders on the entry into and exit from paid employment among young graduates and explores differences across socioeconomic groups. The results show that individuals with mental disorders are less likely to enter and more likely to exit paid employment. This association exists across different socioeconomic subgroups.
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND COMMUNITY HEALTH
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Nienke W. Boderie, Asiyah Sheikh, Erika Lo, Aziz Sheikh, Alex Burdorf, Frank J. van Lenthe, Famke J. M. Molenberg, Jasper V. Been
Summary: This study conducted a comprehensive review of global public support for indoor (semi-)private and outdoor smoke-free policies. The findings showed high levels of public support for these policies, especially in places frequented by children. This study is important as it can inform government efforts in formulating and implementing smoke-free policies.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
David van de Ven, Merel Schuring, Tessa A. Kouwenhoven-Pasmooij, Philip Blom, Alex Burdorf, Suzan J. W. Robroek
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate individual characteristics associated with participation and effectiveness of a worksite health promotion program with motivational interviewing targeting health and health behaviour among Dutch workers in low socioeconomic position. The findings suggest that coaching with motivational interviewing after a preventive medical examination contributes to higher participation in health promotion activities and an increase in smoking cessation among workers with a lower socioeconomic position.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Kelly Kohut, Kate Morton, Karen Hurley, Lesley Turner, Caroline Dale, Susan Eastbrook, Rochelle Gold, Kate Henwood, Sonia Patton, Reshma Punjabi, Helen White, Charlene Young, Julie Young, Elizabeth Bancroft, Lily Barnett, Sarah Cable, Gaya Connolly, Beth Coad, Andrea Forman, Helen Hanson, Grace Kavanaugh, Katherine Sahan, Katie Snape, Bethany Torr, Rosalind Way, Elizabeth Winchester, Alice Youngs, Diana Eccles, Claire Foster
Summary: This study involved a workshop to co-design a patient decision aid (PtDA) with the target users, discussing the theoretical underpinning and logic model. The results highlighted the personal nature of decision-making and the importance of tailoring PtDA to individual needs. The study emphasized the need for an inductive, flexible framework approach to program theory. Patient involvement was crucial for meaningful co-design of PtDA.
HEALTH EXPECTATIONS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Isaac Allen, Hend Hassan, Eleni Sofianopoulou, Diana Eccles, Clare Turnbull, Marc Tischkowitz, Paul Pharoah, Antonis C. Antoniou
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the risks of non-breast second primaries among breast cancer survivors. The findings showed that breast cancer survivors have an increased risk of second primaries at multiple sites, particularly for those diagnosed before age 50 and Asian survivors compared to European survivors.
BREAST CANCER RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Kelly Kohut, Kate Morton, Lesley Turner, Jonathan Shepherd, Vicky Fenerty, Lois Woods, Chloe Grimmett, Diana M. Eccles, Claire Foster
Summary: This review aimed to explore the experience of patients using decision support resources in the context of genetic cancer susceptibility and the impact on decision-making outcomes. The study found that patients were satisfied with the various modes of resource delivery and personal tailoring. The impact on cognitive, emotional, and behavioural outcomes varied, but was mainly positive, suggesting the potential usefulness of these resources.
FRONTIERS IN HEALTH SERVICES
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
John Frank, Cameron Mustard, Peter Smith, Arjumand Siddiqi, Yawen Cheng, Alex Burdorf, Reiner Rugulies
Summary: This paper, the first in a three-part Series on work and health, provides a narrative review of research into work as a social determinant of health over the past 25 years, the key emerging challenges in this field, and the implications of these challenges for future research. The authors identified six emerging challenges related to work as a social determinant of health, including the influence of technology on work, the intersectionality of work with gender, race, migrant status, etc., the arrival of large migrant labor workforces, the development of precarious employment, the phenomenon of working long and irregular hours, and the threat of climate change on work. The paper emphasizes the need for novel methods of data collection to monitor the health impacts of these new exposures at work, as well as better integration of occupational health within various fields to recognize the work environment as a major social determinant of health.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Alex Burdorf, Rita C. P. Fernandes, Suzan J. W. Robroek
Summary: The future of work is undergoing rapid changes, including increased flexibility in the labor market and a rise in informal employment. There is also a growing pressure to prolong working careers. The concept of working life expectancy is introduced as a valuable metric to measure the expected years of paid employment among individuals of working age, especially among different groups. This study examines the factors that influence working life expectancy at the macro, meso, and micro levels, focusing on socioeconomic and political contexts, employment contracts and conditions, and individual characteristics such as education, gender, and age. Disadvantaged groups in the labor market, including workers with chronic diseases, impairing disabilities, and those aged 50 or above, are discussed in terms of the factors that affect their entry and exit from paid employment. To ensure inclusive labor force participation and promote better health outcomes, specific challenges need to be addressed at the macro, meso, and micro levels through aligned national policies, company practices, and workplace improvements.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Shanshan Xiao, Natalie C. Ebner, Amirhossein Manzouri, Tie-Qiang Li, Diana S. Cortes, Kristoffer N. T. Mansson, Hakan Fischer
Summary: The mechanisms through which intranasal oxytocin affects the brain are not fully understood, but recent research suggests that brain regions with a higher density of oxytocin receptors may play a key role. This study used resting-state fMRI to investigate the effects of intranasal oxytocin administration on connectivity between these receptor-enriched regions and other regions in the brain, and found that the effects varied depending on the age of the participants.
PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lisa Haase, Antonia Vehlen, Julia Strojny, Gregor Domes
Summary: This study found no significant changes in the cortisol awakening response (CAR) over the menstrual cycle, and no significant association with variations in estradiol and progesterone. These results suggest that CAR is largely robust against hormonal variations across the menstrual cycle.
PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Derek Schaeuble, Tyler Wallace, Sebastian A. Pace, Shane T. Hentges, Brent Myers
Summary: Depression and cardiovascular disease are influenced by daily life stress, but the biological mechanisms behind this connection are not well understood. This study shows that the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) plays a role in regulating stress responses and behavior, with sex-specific effects. In males, the vmPFC-PH circuitry promotes positive motivation and reduces stress responses, while in females it elevates stress responses. This suggests that cortical regulation of stress reactivity and behavior is mediated by projections to the hypothalamus in a sex-specific manner.
PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jose M. Guzman, Montana H. Boone, Gabriela L. Suarez, Colter Mitchell, Christopher S. Monk, Luke W. Hyde, Nestor L. Lopez-Duran
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to increased life stress and internalizing disorders, with a disproportionate impact on women. This study focused on the neuroendocrinology of stress-related disorders and found that women have lower cortisol responses and higher DHEA responses to stress. However, lower cortisol and higher DHEA are associated with internalizing disorders in women, while the opposite is true in men. The study also examined the relationship between COVID-related stress and internalizing symptoms and found gender differences in the association between DHEA and cortisol and internalizing outcomes. These findings suggest distinct neuroendocrine pathways for stress-related disorders in young men and women.
PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Meriah L. Dejoseph, Keira B. Leneman, Alyssa R. Palmer, Emily R. Padrutt, Otiti A. Mayo, Daniel Berry
Summary: Childhood and adolescence are critical periods for the development of the stress response system. This study found a modest positive relation between the adrenocortical and sympathetic systems, as well as between the adrenocortical and parasympathetic systems. The strength of these associations varied based on methodological and sociodemographic characteristics.
PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Qiong Xiang, Jia-Sheng Tao, Shuai Dong, Xiao-Lin Liu, Liang Yang, Li-Ni Liu, Jing Deng, Xian-Hui Li
Summary: Chronic hyperglycemia accelerates the pathological process of cognitive dysfunction, but the heterogeneity of hippocampal cells under long-term high glucose conditions is not well known. In this study, single-cell RNA sequencing was performed on diabetic mice, and distinct cell sub-clusters and important genes involved in neuroplasticity regulation were identified.
PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Roger Mcintosh, Hannah Hoogerwoerd, Salman S. Ahmad, Cassandra Michel, Kaitlyn Dillon, Mahendra Kumar, Gail Ironson
Summary: The study found that a 4-session guided written emotional disclosure intervention led to significant reductions in total output and concentration of epinephrine in urine for up to 6 months in individuals living with HIV. This effect was especially pronounced in women. However, there were no significant changes in norepinephrine output in urine.
PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Meredith Gruhn, Adam Bryant Miller, Tory A. Eisenlohr-Moul, Sophia Martin, Matthew G. Clayton, Matteo Giletta, Paul D. Hastings, Matthew K. Nock, Karen D. Rudolph, George M. Slavich, Mitchell J. Prinstein, Margaret A. Sheridan
Summary: This study investigates how early life adversity characterized by threat impacts the association between neural activity and cortisol production during emotion processing. The results suggest that threat exposure may moderate the relationship between neural activation and cortisol response.
PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2024)
