Article
Engineering, Chemical
Kshama Pansare, Akshay Vaid, Saurav Raj Singh, Ramkrishna Rane, Anand Visani, Mukesh Ranjan, C. Murali Krishna, Rajiv Sarin, Alphonsa Joseph
Summary: The study demonstrated the potent effect of cold atmospheric plasma jet treatment on gingivobuccal squamous cell carcinoma and breast adenocarcinoma cells, showing greater efficacy compared to radiation therapy. The assessment involved cell viability assays and Raman spectroscopy to evaluate the impact of CAP jet treatment on cancer cells.
PLASMA CHEMISTRY AND PLASMA PROCESSING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Zhitong Chen, Richard Obenchain, Richard E. Wirz
Summary: Researchers developed a single-electrode tiny plasma jet for clinical biomedical applications, studying the effect of voltage input and flow rate on the jet length and physical parameters. Interactions between the tiny plasma jet and different subjects showed an increase in ROS/RNS intensity as the distance decreased. These findings suggest the potential use of the tiny plasma jet device in clinical biomedical applications.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Isabell Plattfaut, Manuela Besser, Anna-Lena Severing, Ewa K. Stuermer, Christian Oplaender
Summary: The antibacterial effects of CAP on Staphylococcus aureus were not significant, with no desired disinfection or reduction in bacterial burden in wet environments or biofilms. CAP treatment is not recommended as a standalone antibacterial therapy for wounds, but could be used to supplement standard treatments.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shin-Ping Lin, Shyh-Haur Huang, Yuwen Ting, Hsien-Yi Hsu, Kuan-Chen Cheng
Summary: This study investigated the use of atmospheric cold plasma (ACP) to remove toxic inhibitors from sulfuric acid hydrolyzed sugarcane bagasse (SB) and evaluated its potential as a nutrient source for bacterial cellulose (BC) production. The results showed that ACP treatment effectively degraded the inhibitors, but also led to a decrease in BC production due to nutrient loss. The material properties of BC produced from detoxified medium were also evaluated. These findings have important implications for the application of ACP detoxification in cellulosic acid hydrolysates for BC production.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yun-Chien Cheng, Kuo-Wei Chang, Jian-Hua Pan, Chao-Yu Chen, Chung-Hsien Chou, Hsi-Feng Tu, Wan-Chun Li, Shu-Chun Lin
Summary: This study investigated the effects of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) irradiation on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and found that CAP irradiation can decrease cell viability by suppressing survival signals and oncogenic miRNA expression.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Ekaterina Patrakova, Mikhail Biryukov, Olga Troitskaya, Pavel Gugin, Elena Milakhina, Dmitriy Semenov, Julia Poletaeva, Elena Ryabchikova, Diana Novak, Nadezhda Kryachkova, Alina Polyakova, Maria Zhilnikova, Dmitriy Zakrevsky, Irina Schweigert, Olga Koval
Summary: Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is a widely studied approach for treating malignant neoplasms. This study determined the optimal discharge regime for direct CAP treatment of cancer cells and found that CAP weakly activated pro-survival autophagy in irradiated cells. The addition of the autophagy inhibitor chloroquine (CQ) promoted CAP-dependent cell death.
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Hao Zhang, Chengxi Zhang, Qi Han
Summary: The grim situation of bacterial infection has become a major threat to human health. A new bactericidal method is urgently needed to fight drug-resistant bacteria caused by non-standard use of antibiotics. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP), composed of various bactericidal species, has shown excellent bactericidal effect on microbes. However, the mechanism of interaction between CAP and bacteria is not completely clear.
APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Yi Liu, Li Lin, Michael Keidar
Summary: This research discovers that electromagnetic emissions from cold atmospheric plasmas can cause cell membrane oscillations and increase sensitivity to the chemical active ingredients used in treatments. The study calculates the spatial distribution of electromagnetic emission power density spectrum from a cold atmospheric helium plasma jet, and identifies plasma oscillations as the main source of electromagnetic radiation.
PLASMA SOURCES SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Francisco L. Tabares, Ita Junkar
Summary: This paper provides a review of cold plasma setups and the processes involved in generating active species. The focus is on the interaction between cold plasmas and materials used in medical applications, highlighting the significant impact on the surface properties of biomaterials. The elemental processes responsible for changes in physio-chemical properties of surfaces when exposed to plasma are described, with examples of ongoing research given to illustrate the current state-of-the-art at a conceptual level.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Cao Fang, Hangbo Xu, Shenhao Wang, Changsheng Shao, Chao Liu, Han Wang, Qing Huang
Summary: The extensive abuse and inadvertent discharge of antibiotics into the environment pose a serious threat to human health. In this study, cold atmospheric plasma jet (CAPJ) was used to treat two different antibiotics, norfloxacin and chloramphenicol. Both direct plasma processing and indirect plasma-activated water (PAW) treatment were employed to enhance the efficiency for removing mixed antibiotics. The results showed that the CAPJ-induced reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (RONS) played a major role in degrading the antibiotics, and the CAPJ treatment was also ecologically safe based on bio-toxicity evaluation. This work not only demonstrated the effectiveness of CAPJ treatment for mixed antibiotics, but also provided insights into the mechanisms for enhanced treatment efficiency, offering a potential solution for antibiotic treatment in the environment.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Julia Mrotzek, Wolfgang Vioel
Summary: The plasma effluent of cold plasma spray was characterized by optical emission spectroscopy, showing rotational temperatures around 4000K and excitation temperatures around 6000K. The gas flow rate had no influence on the spray.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Juan Tornin, Borja Gallego, Veronica Rey, Dzohara Murillo, Carmen Huergo, Aida Rodriguez, Cristina Canal, Rene Rodriguez
Summary: This study reveals the potential of Cold Plasma Treated Medium (PTM) in preventing doxorubicin (DX) resistance in osteosarcoma (OS). PTM treatment increases oxidative stress levels in DX-resistant cells and sensitizes them to DX.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
A. Boudjadar, F. Bouanaka, S. Rebiai
Summary: In this study, a 2D axisymmetric fluid model for an atmospheric pressure plasma jet driven by an 8 kV voltage pulse was investigated using COMSOL@ Multi-physics software. The results identified physical phenomena occurring in a cold plasma jet at atmospheric pressure with an argon pathway, providing a platform for future plasma jet applications.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jie Zhuang, Qian Yuan, Congcong Chen, Gengliang Liu, Zhengyi Zhong, Kai Zhu, Jinsong Guo
Summary: This study investigates the potential molecular mechanism of ns-CAPJ in inhibiting the invasive migration of human GBM cells. The findings show that ns-CAPJ significantly reduces GBM cell invasion and migration, and induces apoptosis in GBM cells. Further mechanistic studies demonstrate that the suppression of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) signaling pathway is correlated with ns-CAPJ's inhibitory effect on GBM cell invasion and migration.
ARCHIVES OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shella Permatasari Santoso, Shin-Ping Lin, Tan-Ying Wang, Yuwen Ting, Chang-Wei Hsieh, Roch-Chui Yu, Artik Elisa Angkawijaya, Felycia Edi Soetaredjo, Hsien-Yi Hsu, Kuan-Chen Cheng
Summary: This study utilized atmospheric cold plasma (ACP) technique for rapid detoxification of toxic compounds in pineapple peel waste hydrolysate (PPWH), allowing for increased bacterial cellulose (BC) yield in fermentation. The results suggest that ACP treatment provides a novel strategy for utilizing agricultural waste hydrolysate in fermentation and untreated PPWH can be a cost-effective and sustainable resource for fermentation media supplementation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Dong Quan, Peter Moloney, Declan Carolan, Hisham Abourayana, Calvin Ralph, Alojz Ivankovic, Denis Dowling, Neal Murphy
Summary: This study found that plasma treatment of short basalt fibers can enhance adhesion between the fibers and epoxy resin, leading to improved mechanical properties and fracture toughness of the composites. Synergistic toughening effects were observed when using plasma-activated BF/MWCNT hybrid modifiers, showing potential for developing strong, tough, and electrically conductive epoxy composites.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Emmanuel J. Ekoi, Andrew N. Dickson, Denis P. Dowling
Summary: This paper evaluates the mechanical properties of woven continuous carbon fibre composites printed by additive manufacturing (AM) and compares them with nonwoven composites. The woven composites showed significantly higher strength and superior fatigue performance compared to the nonwoven composites, indicating their potential for high cyclic load applications.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Darragh S. Egan, Caitriona M. Ryan, Andrew C. Parnell, Denis P. Dowling
Summary: This study investigated the use of statistical anomaly detection to analyze in-situ process monitoring data during Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF), finding that the Generalized Extreme Studentized Deviate (GESD) test is effective for identifying defective layers created during the process.
JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING PROCESSES
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
F. R. Kaschel, R. K. Vijayaraghavan, P. J. McNally, D. P. Dowling, M. Celikin
Summary: Thermal heat treatment is commonly used to enhance the mechanical performance of additively manufactured titanium components. Stress relaxation and phase transformation were investigated through isothermal heat treatments and high temperature X-ray Diffraction. Isothermal holding at 400 degrees Celsius increased ultimate tensile strength and yield strength, while treatments between 550 and 700 degrees Celsius promoted martensitic decomposition and decreased ductility.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Yaoyi Geng, Wenlong Xie, Yuhui Tu, Siying Deng, Darragh Egan, Denis P. Dowling, Hongwu Song, Shihong Zhang, Noel Harrison
Summary: In this study, a functionally graded material (FGM) made of Ti-6Al-4V was fabricated using a powder bed fusion additive manufacturing technique. The microstructure of the FGM was analyzed at selected build locations, showing a gradient in grain morphology and texture intensity. Nanoindentation revealed a smooth gradient elastic modulus profile, with peak values at the midpoint of the gauge length. Tensile tests showed a gradient of local maximum principal strain in the highly {0001} textured section, while the reference sample exhibited a near-uniform strain distribution throughout the whole gauge length. A crystal plasticity finite element (CPFE) model was developed to explain the effect of texture on the mechanical properties. Despite higher elastic modulus in the transverse direction, the mid-section of the gauge length accumulated a higher concentration of strain when loaded in the axial tensile direction, due to a high intensity of {0001} texture.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2021)
Review
Engineering, Manufacturing
Ronan McCann, Muhannad A. Obeidi, Cian Hughes, Eanna McCarthy, Darragh S. Egan, Rajani K. Vijayaraghavan, Ajey M. Joshi, Victor Acinas Garzon, Denis P. Dowling, Patrick J. McNally, Dermot Brabazon
Summary: Process monitoring and sensing play a crucial role in additive manufacturing, offering the potential for in-depth control of the powder bed fusion process for enhanced industrial credibility and adoption.
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
(2021)
Article
Management
Michael Walls, Heather O'Connor, Denis P. Dowling, Jamie Goggins
Summary: Tidal turbine applications require composite materials to withstand high pressures and ensure technical reliability against dynamic loads. Moisture saturation is detrimental to GFRP materials, but hydrophobic coatings may help protect them.
INFRASTRUCTURE ASSET MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Binnur Sagbas, Beril Eker Gumus, Yusuf Kahraman, Denis P. Dowling
Summary: The study evaluated the impact of build location on dimensional accuracy and surface quality of PA12 parts printed using MJF technique, with parts printed closer to the front of the build plate showing higher porosity, surface roughness, and geometry deviation.
JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING PROCESSES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
F. R. Kaschel, S. Keaveney, D. P. Dowling
Summary: This study investigated the difference between the properties of Ti-6Al-4 V alloy parts printed using continuous wave (CW) and modulated wave (MW) laser emission modes. The impact of changes in laser emission mode and energy density was examined based on printed part dimensions, microstructure, porosity, hardness and tensile properties.
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
(2022)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Axieh Joy I. Bagasol, Frederico R. Kaschel, Saranarayanan Ramachandran, Wajira Mirihanage, David J. Browne, Denis P. Dowling
Summary: This study investigated the print homogeneity of Ti-6Al-4 V alloy parts over a large build area using a production scale laser powder bed additive manufacturing system. It found that the part porosity increased slightly with distance from the gas flow inlet, but no significant differences were obtained for microstructural features and mechanical properties across the build area. The study also observed partial in-situ decomposition of a' -> a + Q phases during printing and a decrease in strength after HIP treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Lu Yang, Saranarayanan Ramachandran, Axieh Bagasol, Qiyu Guan, Weiguang Wang, David J. Browne, Denis Dowling, Wajira Mirihanage
Summary: Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) technology enables the production of metallic components without conventional design and manufacturing constraints. By reconstructing the as-solidified microstructure across the LPBF build volume, the initial solidification microstructure of Ti-6Al-4V alloy can be revealed, providing insights into the early stages of solidification. This approach also has the potential to explore solidification microstructure and defect formation in titanium alloys during additive manufacturing.
SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Zoheb Khan, Xiaoyan Long, Eoin Casey, Denis Dowling, Steven Ferguson
Summary: The objective of this study is to develop a fully continuous operation for separations based on diafiltration using semipermeable nanofiltration or ultrafiltration membranes. A continuous spatially distributed diafiltration (CSDD) operation is developed to achieve continuous single stage diafiltration with equivalent or better purification efficiency than batch and incumbent continuous diafiltration configurations. By introducing a diafiltration solvent spatially across the membrane unit in a highly uniform manner using 3D-printed static mixers, CSDD improves solvent consumption and yield compared to batch diafiltration. CSDD may serve as an attractive intermediate purification and solvent swap operation for telescoped flow chemical and continuous processing applications.
REACTION CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Bryan Naab, Denis P. Dowling, Mert Celikin
Summary: The evolution of microstructure in Ti-6Al-4V alloy produced via selective laser melting (SLM) was studied after furnace heat treatments to 850 degrees C. The heat-treated microstructure showed the formation of α-martensite laths with a thickness of around 1.8 μm and the presence of β-phase based on XRD analysis.
TMS 2022 151ST ANNUAL MEETING & EXHIBITION SUPPLEMENTAL PROCEEDINGS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Matteo Bonomo, Emmanuel J. Ekoi, Andrea G. Marrani, Ana Y. Segura Zarate, Denis P. Dowling, Claudia Barolo, Danilo Dini
Summary: The nanocomposites of nickel oxide (NiO) and zirconia (ZrO2) are effective photocathodic materials in dye-sensitized solar cells. The reduction in electrolyte resistance in t-DSCs leads to an increase in photocurrent, demonstrating the potential for efficient tandem devices.
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY & FUELS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Matthew J. Harding, Bin Feng, Rafael Lopez-Rodriguez, Heather O'Connor, Denis Dowling, Geoff Gibson, Kevin P. Girard, Steven Ferguson
Summary: The low-cost continuous liquid-liquid phase separator developed is modular, robust, and easily customisable, making it suitable for various solvent systems and process parameters. Scale-up is simple with the ability to increase units or scale operations, while an additively manufactured back pressure regulator allows for accurate and adjustable pressure control.
REACTION CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
(2021)