Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Phillippa Harrison, Ewan Carr, Kimberley Goldsmith, Allan Young, Mark Ashworth, Diede Fennema, Suqian Duan, Barbara M. Barrett, Roland Zahn
Summary: This study developed a computerised decision-support tool to guide antidepressant treatment for general practitioners in UK primary care. Feasibility was not shown in the current study and several modifications are needed to overcome limitations.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Sabine El-Halabi, Daniel H. Cooper, Danielle S. Cha, Joshua Daniel Rosenblat, Barjot Gill, Nelson B. Rodrigues, Orly Lipsitz, Roger S. McIntyre, Hartej Gill
Summary: This review examined the effects of antidepressant medications on antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence in HIV-positive individuals with diagnosed Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). The findings suggest that antidepressant treatment may improve adherence to HIV treatments and reduce missed HIV medication dosage. However, further studies are needed to explore the effects of different psychotropic agents on adherence behaviors among patients with HIV.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Riccardo De Giorgi, Franco De Crescenzo, Philip Cowen, Catherine Harmer, Andrea Cipriani
Summary: This study investigates the real-world acceptability, tolerability, and efficacy of combining antidepressants and statins in the treatment of depression. The results show that the combination treatment is well-tolerated, with higher treatment acceptability compared to antidepressant-only prescriptions. However, there is no significant difference in efficacy between the two groups.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Aravind Pillai, Katherine M. Keyes, Ezra Susser
Summary: The study in primary care clinics in Goa, India found that approximately 47% of patients who screened positive for common mental disorders received antidepressant prescriptions. However, the prescription patterns did not align well with WHO recommendations. There was under-prescription for moderate/severe depression and potential over-prescription for mild depression or non-depression diagnoses, with poor adherence to treatment across different diagnoses and better adherence among older adults and those receiving antidepressants as part of a collaborative care model.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Nam-Ju Ji, Seung-Yeon Jeon, Kyung-Joon Min, Myung Ki, Weon-Young Lee
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between the type of initial antidepressants and treatment adherence in outpatients with new onset depression. The results showed a significant association between initial antidepressant type and treatment adherence during the first three- and six-month treatment periods for employed and self-employed patients newly diagnosed with major depression.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rosanne J. J. Turner, Karin Hagoort, Rosa J. J. Meijer, Femke Coenen, Floortje E. E. Scheepers
Summary: Currently, it is challenging to choose the right antidepressant for individual patients. In this study, we used retrospective Bayesian network analysis and natural language processing to identify patterns in patient characteristics, treatment choices, and outcomes. We collected data from adult patients treated with antidepressants at two mental healthcare facilities in the Netherlands between 2014 and 2020. By analyzing clinical notes, we extracted outcome measures such as antidepressant continuation, prescription duration, and treatment outcome topics. Our findings revealed dependencies between treatment choices, patient characteristics, and outcomes. Tightly intertwined with treatment outcomes and prescription duration were the use of antipsychotics and benzodiazepines. Tricyclic antidepressant prescription and depressive disorder were significant predictors for antidepressant continuation. This study offers a feasible approach for pattern discovery in psychiatry data, and further research should explore the potential translation of these patterns into clinical decision support tools.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Larisa Duffy, Gemma Lewis, Louise Marston, Tony Kendrick, David Kessler, Michael Moore, Nicola Wiles, Glyn Lewis
Summary: The number of previous episodes and residual symptoms of depression were associated with an increased likelihood of relapse, while older age of onset was associated with a reduced rate of relapse.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Hannah Bowers, Tony Kendrick, Nadja van Ginneken, Marta Glowacka, Samantha Williams, Geraldine M. Leydon, Carl May, Christopher Dowrick, Joanna Moncrieff, Chris F. Johnson, Michael Moore, Rebecca Laine, Adam W. A. Geraghty
Summary: This study aimed to develop a digital intervention to support practitioners in helping patients discontinue inappropriate long-term antidepressants. Findings from think-aloud qualitative interviews with health professionals suggested that the digital intervention may be useful in supporting the reduction of long-term antidepressant use, while also highlighting the time constraints and information accessibility needs that practitioners face in daily practice.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
M. Aranzazu Pedrosa-Naudin, Eduardo Gutierrez-Abejon, Francisco Herrera-Gomez, Diego Fernandez-Lazaro, F. Javier Alvarez
Summary: Antidepressant non-adherence is more common in young men and decreases with age. Living in urban areas, using TCAs, and experiencing pain are predictors of non-adherence. Being female, institutionalized, receiving multiple medications, and having comorbid depression/anxiety with other psychiatric diagnoses are protective factors against antidepressant non-adherence.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Cesar Gonzalez-Blanch, Roger Munoz-Navarro, Leonardo Adrian Medrano, Juan Antonio Moriana, Paloma Ruiz-Rodriguez, Antonio Cano-Vindel
Summary: The study found that transdiagnostic group cognitive behavior therapy (TD-GCBT) is effective for emotional disorders in primary care, especially for patients with more severe clinical symptoms. Individuals who work or have a partner, have more comorbidities at baseline, and higher symptom severity benefit more from adding TD-GCBT to treatment as usual (TAU).
DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Jennifer Valeska Elli Brown, Claire A. Wilson, Karyn Ayre, Lindsay Robertson, Emily South, Emma Molyneaux, Kylee Trevillion, Louise M. Howard, Hind Khalifeh
Summary: Postnatal depression is a common condition treated with psychosocial interventions or antidepressants. This review found that SSRIs may be more effective than placebo in treating postnatal depression. Further research is needed to better understand the efficacy and safety of antidepressants in managing postnatal depression.
COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Eduardo Gutierrez-Abejon, M. Aranzazu Pedrosa-Naudin, Diego Fernandez-Lazaro, F. Javier Alvarez
Summary: Non-adherence to antidepressants is associated with worse disease outcomes and economic burden. This study found that nearly 20% of patients were non-adherent to antidepressant treatment in 2021. Different types of antidepressants varied in terms of non-adherence rates and costs. Reducing non-adherence to antidepressants is critical for improving clinical and economic outcomes.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Amanda Del Risco, Alex Cherches, Sherri L. Smith, Kristal M. Riska
Summary: This study retrospectively reviewed the charts of 458 patients diagnosed with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) in primary care. It found gaps in adherence to the 2017 AAO-HNS guidelines for the management and treatment of BPPV. However, these gaps did not differ by sex, race, or insurance status.
OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jihye Kim, R. Christopher Sheldrick, Kerrin Gallagher, Megan H. Bair-Merritt, Michelle P. Durham, Emily Feinberg, Anita Morris, Megan B. Cole
Summary: More than 20% of children in low-income families have mental health problems, but barriers to accessing mental health services exist. Integrating mental health services into pediatric primary care, such as federally qualified health centers, may help address these barriers.
Article
Psychiatry
Hanna Maria Kariis, Silva Kasela, Tuuli Jurgenson, Aet Saar, Jana Lass, Kristi Krebs, Urmo Vosa, Elis Haan, Lili Milani, Kelli Lehto
Summary: Higher blood pressure levels in patients with depression may be associated with lower adherence to antihypertensive medications. Antidepressant therapy may help improve AHM adherence in patients with depression.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Erica Busca, Chiara Airoldi, Fabio Bertoncini, Giulia Buratti, Roberta Casarotto, Samanta Gaboardi, Fabrizio Faggiano, Michela Barisone, Ian R. White, Elias Allara, Alberto Dal Molin
Summary: This study assessed the effects of bed rest duration on short-term complications following transfemoral catheterization. The results showed that a short bed rest was not associated with complications, but longer duration of bed rest increased the risk of back pain. Patients can safely ambulate as early as 2 hours after the procedure.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR NURSING
(2023)
Editorial Material
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Ian R. White
Summary: The paper compares the effects of 'modern' and 'ad hoc' methods in performing meta-regression when some covariates are incomplete, and suggests that recommendations for practical use should be based on simulation studies using a range of plausible data-generating mechanisms.
RESEARCH SYNTHESIS METHODS
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Maria Valkovskaya, Arsalan Hassan, Eirini Zartaloudi, Fahad Hussain, Muhammad Umar, Bakht Khizar, Inzemam Khattak, Shamshad Ahmed Gill, Shams-Ud-Din Ahmad Khan, Imtiaz Ahmad Dogar, Ali Burhan Mustafa, Moin Ahmed Ansari, Syed Hyder, Muhammad Ali, Nilofar Ilyas, Parveen Channar, Nazish Mughal, Sumera Channa, Khalid Mufti, Ali Ahsan Mufti, Mian Iftikhar Hussain, Sadia Shafiq, Muhammad Tariq, Muhammad Kamran Khan, Shahzad Tahir Chaudhry, Abdul Rashid Choudhary, Mian Nizam Ali, Gohar Ali, Ashfaq Hussain, Muhammad Rehman, Noman Ahmad, Saeed Farooq, Farooq Naeem, Tanveer Nasr, Glyn Lewis, James A. Knowles, Muhammad Ayub, Karoline Kuchenbaecker
Summary: Globally, the majority of the burden of major depressive disorder (MDD) is found in low- and middle-income countries. However, research on genetic and environmental risk factors has been limited to participants with European ancestry from high-income countries. The DIVERGE study aims to bridge this gap and investigate MDD risk factors in Pakistan.
PSYCHIATRIC GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Julia Rodriguez-Sanchez, Gemma Lewis, Francesca Solmi, Jessica K. Bone, Michael Moore, Nicola Wiles, Catherine J. Harmer, Larisa Duffy, Glyn Lewis
Summary: This study investigated the effect of discontinuing maintenance antidepressant treatment on self-referential recall and its association with the risk of relapse. The results showed that discontinuation did not affect self-referential recall at 12 and 52 weeks, and there was no association between recall and later relapse at baseline or 12 weeks.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Richard A. A. Parker, Christopher J. J. Weir, Tra My Pham, Ian R. R. White, Nigel Stallard, Mahesh K. B. Parmar, Robert J. J. Swingler, Rachel S. S. Dakin, Suvankar Pal, Siddharthan Chandran
Summary: MND-SMART is a multi-arm, multi-stage, multi-centre randomized controlled trial for motor neuron disease. It compares the efficacy of memantine and trazodone with placebo, and may introduce other investigational treatments later. The co-primary outcomes are ALS-FRS-R functional outcome and overall survival. The trial randomizes participants 1:1:1 to receive placebo or one of the investigational treatments, with a maximum of 531 participants. Comparisons will be conducted in four stages, with the opportunity to stop randomizations to poorly performing arms. The final analysis will be based on a statistical analysis plan finalized in May 2022.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Brennan C. Kahan, Ian R. White, Mark Edwards, Michael O. Harhay
Summary: A modified intention-to-treat analysis, which excludes participants who do not begin treatment, can estimate the treatment effect in the subpopulation of participants who would begin treatment regardless of the assigned arm. This estimator is unbiased if the intercurrent event is not affected by the treatment arm and if participants in both arms would initiate treatment. The criteria for unbiasedness are the ability to measure participants who experience the event in each treatment arm and the reasonable assumption that treatment allocation does not affect initiation.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Matteo Quartagno, Tim P. Morris, Duncan C. Gilbert, Ruth E. Langley, Matthew G. Nankivell, Mahesh K. B. Parmar, Ian R. White
Summary: This article compares three commonly used summary measures: hazard ratio, difference in restricted mean survival time, and difference in survival at a fixed time point. The study investigates the impact of assuming proportional hazards on the operating characteristics of a trial and finds that difference in restricted mean survival time is often the most powerful summary measure when assuming proportional hazards. The conclusion suggests that the choice of summary measure should be made on clinical grounds, and difference in restricted mean survival time is often the most powerful test when estimated under proportional hazards.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Larisa Duffy, Louise Marston, Gemma Lewis, Glyn Lewis
Summary: We developed a retrospective Clinical Interview Schedule Revised (rCIS-R) to assess depression relapse in the previous 12 weeks, and found that it has excellent test-retest reliability and construct validity. The rCIS-R can be used in randomized controlled trials due to its simplicity and self-report format.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Debbie Tallon, Laura Thomas, Sally Brabyn, Brian Chi Fung Ching, Jane Sungmin Hahn, Berry Jude, Mekeda Logan, Alex Burrage, Fiona Fox, Simon Gilbody, Paul Lanham, Glyn Lewis, Jinshuo Li, Stephanie J. MacNeill, Irwin Nazareth, Steve Parrott, Tim J. Peters, Roz Shafran, Katrina Turner, Chris Williams, David Kessler, Nicola Wiles
Summary: The INTERACT trial will evaluate the clinical and cost-effectiveness, as well as the acceptability to therapists and clients, of the integration of online CBT materials and high-intensity therapist-led CBT delivered remotely. If successful, this model could increase access to and equity of CBT provision.
Article
Psychiatry
Philipp Frank, G. David Batty, Jaana Pentti, Markus Jokela, Lydia Poole, Jenni Ervasti, Jussi Vahtera, Glyn Lewis, Andrew Steptoe, Mika Kivimaeki
Summary: Depression is associated with an increased risk of physical illness and the most common causes of hospitalization among people with depression are endocrine, musculoskeletal, and vascular diseases, rather than psychiatric disorders.
Letter
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Tim P. Morris, Ian R. White, Suzie Cro, Jonathan W. Bartlett, James R. Carpenter, Tra My Pham
Summary: For simulation studies evaluating methods of handling missing data, generating partially observed data by fixing complete data and simulating missingness indicators repeatedly is rarely appropriate.
BIOMETRICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Ian R. White, Alexander J. Szubert, Babak Choodari-Oskooei, A. Sarah Walker, Mahesh K. B. Parmar
Summary: Factorial designs, which use a combination of randomization and multiple interventions, can reduce resource and participant requirements. However, several factors need to be considered before using this design, including clinical, practical, statistical, and external issues. Key considerations include the requirement for a lower sample size and minimal interaction effects between interventions.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Elaine C. M. Hunter, Cheuk Lon Malcolm Wong, Rafael Gafoor, Glyn Lewis, Anthony S. David
Summary: This article reports on a clinical audit of 36 participants with chronic DDD who completed Cognitive Behavioural Therapy adapted for DDD. The results showed improvement in all scores during the treatment period, suggesting that CBT may be an effective treatment for DDD. However, more research is needed to assess its efficacy.
COGNITIVE BEHAVIOUR THERAPY
(2023)
