Article
Substance Abuse
Alysha Cooper, Harvey H. C. Marmurek
Summary: The aim of this study was to compare evidence of a one-factor structure to evidence of a two-factor structure representing two subdomains. Overall, there was stronger support for the two-factor structure. However, the two factors were highly correlated with one another, with most predictors being shared except for one. We recommend continued use of the one-factor structure of the PGSI unless one aims to better understand the relationship between problematic behaviors and adverse consequences.
JOURNAL OF GAMBLING STUDIES
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Marta Sancho, Celine Bonnaire, Silvia Costa, Gemma Casale-Salayet, Javier Vera-Igual, Rita Cristina Rodriguez, Santiago Duran-Sindreu, Joan Trujols
Summary: This study aimed to explore differences in emotion dysregulation, impulsivity, cognitive distortions, and attentional bias between online and land-based gamblers. The results showed that online and land-based gamblers did not differ significantly in most variables, except for a higher positive urgency score in the land-based gambling group. Further research on GD phenotypes in larger patient samples is needed based on these preliminary findings.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Teresa Mena-Moreno, Giulia Testa, Gemma Mestre-Bach, Romina Miranda-Olivos, Rosario Granero, Fernando Fernandez-Aranda, Jose M. Menchon, Susana Jimenez-Murcia
Summary: This study investigated the impact of impulsive choice, as measured by delay discounting tasks, on treatment outcomes in patients with gambling disorders (GD). The results showed that impulsive choice was associated with GD severity and personality traits, and it also predicted a higher risk of relapses and dropout in different groups of GD patients. The findings highlight the importance of considering impulsive choice in the treatment of GD to improve treatment outcomes.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Adarsh K. Verma, Usha Chivukula
Summary: This study examines the role of personality, cognitive, and biological components in risky decision-making using the Iowa Gambling Task paradigm. The results suggest that sensation seeking and lack of premeditation significantly predict lower payoff, moderated by gender and age. These findings highlight the importance of replicating this research in different age groups and clinical populations.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Cristina Vintro-Alcaraz, Gemma Mestre-Bach, Roser Granero, Monica Gomez-Pena, Laura Moragas, Fernando Fernandez-Aranda, Susana Jimenez-Murcia
Summary: This study aimed to analyze emotion regulation and impulsivity in individuals with gambling disorder, showing that non-strategic gamblers are more prone to emotional regulation impairments and impulsive traits compared to strategic gamblers. The findings suggest the importance of assessing and addressing these emotional regulation and impulsivity factors in treatment.
ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Isabel Lopez-Torres, Leticia Leon-Quismondo, Angela Ibanez
Summary: This study compared characteristics between online and offline gamblers, finding that online gamblers showed higher levels of lack of premeditation and lower debts but with a tendency to increase with age. However, the gambling mode did not have a significant impact on GD severity, anxiety, and depression levels.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Eleonora Topino, Mark D. Griffiths, Alessio Gori
Summary: The aim of this study was to explore the factors that can influence problematic gambling, specifically focusing on attachment, alexithymia, dissociation, and impulsivity. The sample consisted of 368 regular gamblers who completed an online survey. The results showed that fearful and preoccupied attachment patterns were significantly and positively associated with problematic gambling, and these associations were mediated by alexithymia, dissociation, and impulsivity. These findings provide valuable information for clinical practice and preventive intervention.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH AND ADDICTION
(2023)
Article
Information Science & Library Science
Eamon Patrick Garrett, Aaron Drummond, Emily Lowe-Calverley, Kristy de Salas, Ian Lewis, James D. Sauer
Summary: In this research, the role of impulsivity and reward/punishment sensitivity in predicting loot box spending was investigated. The study found that impulsivity and reward/punishment sensitivity were positively correlated with loot box spending, suggesting that a positive reinforcement process is important in understanding loot box spending but refuting the presence of a negative reinforcement mechanism.
TELEMATICS AND INFORMATICS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Social
Rebecca G. Fortgang, Tyrone D. Cannon
Summary: Factors unrelated to skill are found to influence cognitive performance, with lack of perseverance being a contributing factor to disengagement of cognitive effort during task performance. This finding has implications for cognitive testing and measurement, as well as our understanding of impulsivity and cognitive effort.
PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Charlotte Eben, Lois Fournier, Frederick Verbruggen, Joel Billieux
Summary: Impulsivity is a multifaceted construct related to various everyday behaviors and is associated with psychopathological disorders and behavioral problems. One way to measure impulsivity is with the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale, which investigates five distinct facets. This study explored the relationship between a state measure of negative urgency (post-loss speeding in a gambling task) and a trait measure of negative urgency using the UPPS-P questionnaire. The results showed no correlation between post-loss speeding and trait impulsivity or negative urgency, suggesting that these measures do not capture the same underlying constructs.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Cristina Vintro-Alcaraz, Gemma Mestre-Bach, Roser Granero, Elena Caravaca, Monica Gomez-Pena, Laura Moragas, Isabel Baenas, Amparo del Pino-Gutierrez, Susana Valero-Solis, Milagros Lara-Huallipe, Bernat Mora-Maltas, Eduardo Valenciano-Mendoza, Elias Guillen-Guzman, Ester Codina, Jose M. Menchon, Fernando Fernandez-Aranda, Susana Jimenez-Murcia
Summary: This study explored the differences between individuals with gambling disorder who had committed gambling-related crimes and those who had not, and compared their treatment outcomes. The findings suggest that patients who have committed crimes show a more complex clinical profile that may interfere with their adherence to treatment.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Social
Eli Otis, Igor Yakovenko, Simon Sherry, Martin Smith, Abby Goldstein, Michael Ellery, Alexandra Loverock, T. Cameron Wild, Benjamin Weilgart-Whitehead, Sherry H. Stewart
Summary: The study examined the application of the four-factor vulnerability model in gambling research, identifying impulsivity and hopelessness as personality risk factors for frequent and problematic gambling.
PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Adrian Parke, Patrick Dickinson, Louise O'Hare, Liam Wilson, Greg Westerman-Hughes, Kathrin Gerling
Summary: Rapid, continuous gambling formats are associated with higher risks for gambling-related harm. The study found that within-game interventions can increase gambling response latency. Both passive breaks and active engagement interventions were effective in increasing response latency during sustained losses.
CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Hyoun S. Kim, Matthew Rockloff, Diandra Leslie, Daniel S. McGrath, Michael J. A. Wohl, David C. Hodgins
Summary: The study found that offering tangible rewards in social casino games may increase game participation, but does not necessarily lead to the decision to gamble with real-world money.
ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS
(2021)
Review
Psychiatry
Benjamin Bjorseth, Josefine Oudmayer Simensen, Aina Bjornethun, Mark D. Griffiths, Eilin K. Erevik, Tony Leino, Stale Pallesen
Summary: A meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the efficacy of pop-up messages on gambling behavior and cognitions. The results showed moderate effects of pop-up messages on both gambling behavior and cognitions in the short-term. Pop-up messages play an important role in the responsible gambling tools of gambling operators.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jon E. Grant, Richard A. Bethlehem, Samuel R. Chamberlain, Tara S. Peris, Emily J. Ricketts, Joseph O'Neill, Darin D. Dougherty, Dan Stein, Christine Lochner, Douglas W. Woods, John Piacentini, Nancy J. Keuthen
Summary: This study found that there are differences in brain structure among different subtypes of Trichotillomania (TTM), which may have implications for understanding clinical presentations and treatment response.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Mary-Ellen E. Brierley, Lucy Albertella, Kristian Rotaru, Louise Destree, Emma M. Thompson, Chang Liu, Erynn Christensen, Amelia Lowe, Rebecca A. Segrave, Karyn E. Richardson, Edouard Kayayan, Samuel R. Chamberlain, Jon E. Grant, Rico S. C. Lee, Sam Hughes, Murat Yucel, Leonardo F. Fontenelle
Summary: This study investigates the relationships between compulsivity and diet quality, sleep quality, and physical activity, and finds that psychological distress mediates these relationships. Lifestyle interventions for compulsivity should focus on reducing psychological distress, followed by improving sleep and diet quality.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jeremy E. Solly, Samuel R. Chamberlain, Katherine Lust, Jon E. Grant
Summary: This study examined the associations of binge eating disorder (BED) with comorbidities and measures of impulsivity and compulsivity in university students. The findings suggest that BED is associated with trait impulsivity and compulsivity, as well as other mental disorders.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jon E. Grant, Samuel R. Chamberlain
Summary: This study examined sustained attention problems across a range of psychiatric disorders and found that impaired attention is not specific to ADHD. Several other disorders, such as social phobia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, bulimia nervosa, and intermittent explosive disorder, were associated with significantly larger deficits in sustained attention. Clinicians should screen for a variety of disorders when people report attentional problems, instead of assuming they are due to ADHD.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jon E. Grant, Austin W. Blum, Samuel R. Chamberlain, Katherine Lust
Summary: This study examined the relationship between religiosity and impulsive and compulsive tendencies among university students. The results showed that higher levels of religiosity were associated with better self-esteem, lower rates of alcohol and drug problems, and lower impulsivity in terms of attention and planning. However, compulsivity did not differ between groups. These findings highlight the importance of understanding the impact of religiosity on mental health.
Article
Psychiatry
Nina M. Lutz, Sharon A. S. Neufeld, Roxanne W. Hook, Peter B. Jones, Edward T. Bullmore, Ian M. Goodyer, Tamsin J. Ford, Samuel R. Chamberlain, Paul O. Wilkinson
Summary: Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is more common among women, possibly due to their higher levels of psychological distress. Women also show significant differences in sensation seeking and positive urgency compared to men. Psychological distress partially mediates the relationship between gender and NSSI.
ARCHIVES OF SUICIDE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Jon E. Grant, Samuel R. Chamberlain
Summary: Based on clinical trial data, this study found that individuals from minority racial-ethnic groups with gambling disorder had an earlier age of first gambling. Future research should further investigate the clinical differences in gambling disorder among different minority groups in larger and more diverse populations.
ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Jeggan Tiego, William Trender, Peter J. Hellyer, Jon E. Grant, Adam Hampshire, Samuel R. Chamberlain
Summary: Compulsivity is relevant to various psychiatric disorders, but it lacks characterization and validated measures at large scale. This study used the Cambridge-Chicago Compulsivity Trait Scale to describe the multidimensional latent structure of self-reported compulsivity in a population-based sample. The results revealed a two-factor model consisting of Perfectionism and Reward Drive dimensions, with discriminant validity and acceptable test-retest reliability. The scale, validated at a large scale, is suitable for studying compulsivity in clinical and nonclinical participants, and normative data are provided for future interpretation.
Article
Substance Abuse
Anthony Quinn, Samuel R. R. Chamberlain, Jon E. E. Grant
Summary: Previous research has shown a correlation between the age at which an individual first gambles and problematic behavior later in life, but little is known about how age of gambling onset, particularly as a child or young adult, affects future gambling. This study analyzed data from young adults in the United States and found that an earlier age of gambling onset was associated with betting a higher proportion during a neurocognitive task. There were no significant associations between age of gambling onset and severity of recent pathological gambling, gambling expenditure in the past year, or gambling frequency in the past week.
AMERICAN JOURNAL ON ADDICTIONS
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
Jon E. Grant, Samuel R. Chamberlain
Summary: This study examines the presence of illegal behaviors in individuals with gambling disorders and their impact. The results show that 43.3% of individuals with gambling disorders reported gambling-related illegal behaviors, which were associated with earlier symptom onset, higher levels of depressive symptoms, worse quality of life, and higher impulsivity. However, these illegal behaviors did not have an impact on treatment response or symptom severity.
AMERICAN JOURNAL ON ADDICTIONS
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Julia M. A. Sinclair, Betul Aslan, Roberta Agabio, Amith Anilkumar, Mark Brosnan, Ed Day, Nicki A. Dowling, Chelsey Flood, Jon E. Grant, Robyn Halliday, Bjorn Hofvander, Leesa Howes, Rachel Moseley, Bronwyn Myers, Vincent O'Connor, Gabriel Shaya, Shane Thomas, Janine Robinson, Samuel R. Chamberlain
Summary: Autistic individuals are more prone to problematic alcohol and substance use compared to the general population. Research shows that around one in three autistic adults may have an alcohol or substance use disorder, while the evidence for behavioral addictions is less clear. Substance use and addictive behaviors may be used by autistic individuals as a way to cope with social anxiety and challenges. However, the lack of literature on the intersection between autism and these conditions hinders progress in health policy, research, and clinical practice.
COMPREHENSIVE PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Rico S. C. Lee, Lucy Albertella, Erynn Christensen, Chao Suo, Rebecca A. Segrave, Maja Brydevall, Rebecca Kirkham, Chang Liu, Leonardo F. Fontenelle, Samuel R. Chamberlain, Kristian Rotaru, Murat Yucel
Summary: The purpose of this study was to validate a gamified battery of neurocognitive tasks for assessing addictive behaviors. The findings showed that the gamified tasks were sufficiently valid for assessing key neurocognitive processes related to addiction. This validation has significant implications for risk detection and the successful deployment of next-generation assessment tools for substance use or misuse and other mental disorders characterized by neurocognitive anomalies.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Shane A. Thomas, Colette J. Browning, Fadi J. Charchar, Britt Klein, Marcia G. Ory, Henrietta Bowden-Jones, Samuel R. Chamberlain
Summary: Chronic illnesses pose a major threat to global population health, with an increasing prevalence over time. This paper discusses strategies to address chronic diseases, including the development of risk prediction tools, enhancing preventive measures and chronic disease management, and utilizing digital health systems. Limited research has been conducted on the combined population-level health effects of these strategies.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Jon E. Grant, Madison Collins, Eve Chesivoir, Samuel R. Chamberlain
Summary: This study finds that the relationship between trichotillomania and alcohol use problems has received little research attention. Among individuals with trichotillomania, 13.2% had hazardous alcohol use in the past year, but this difference was not statistically significant. However, past year hazardous drinking was associated with higher trait impulsivity.
PSYCHIATRIC QUARTERLY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Erynn Christensen, Lucy Albertella, Samuel R. Chamberlain, Maja Brydevall, Chao Suo, Jon E. Grant, Murat Yucel, Rico Sze Chun Lee
Summary: This study evaluated the neurocognitive correlates of problem alcohol use and three non-substance-related addictive behaviors using a large community sample. The results showed differential associations between neurocognition and each addictive behavior, highlighting the need for a more nuanced understanding of non-substance addiction.
ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS
(2024)