Review
Cell Biology
Tomohiro Torii, Tomohiro Miyasaka, Hiroaki Misonou
Summary: This review article discusses the presence of tau in oligodendrocytes and its potential impact on oligodendrocyte function. The study shows that the expression levels of tau significantly change in hypomyelination models and in demyelination regions.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Tomohiro Torii, Yuki Miyamoto, Rinaho Nakata, Yuto Higashi, Yohei Shinmyo, Hiroshi Kawasaki, Tomohiro Miyasaka, Hiroaki Misonou
Summary: In this study, the expression pattern of Tau protein in oligodendrocyte lineage was investigated. Tau was found to be expressed in mature oligodendrocytes, but not in oligodendrocyte progenitors and immature pre-oligodendrocytes. Moreover, Tau expression occurred after the peak of myelination, suggesting its role in oligodendrocyte maturation and demyelination.
Article
Cell Biology
Angela D. Morris, Sarah Kucenas
Summary: Injecting lysolecithin into zebrafish larvae allows for visualization of key features of lysolecithin-induced demyelination, similar to mammalian models, providing a new approach to study the temporal dynamics of such damage.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jennifer Cadenas-Fernandez, Pablo Ahumada-Pascual, Luis Sanz Andreu, Ana Velasco
Summary: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune and inflammatory central nervous system disease with no effective treatments currently available. One of the main research goals is to find therapies that can promote the recovery of neurological disabilities caused by demyelination. This study reviews a variety of drugs that may promote endogenous remyelination in MS patients and could be potential therapeutic agents for the disease.
CURRENT PHARMACEUTICAL DESIGN
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Karina Maciak, Angela Dziedzic, Joanna Saluk
Summary: Remyelination depends on the repair of damaged myelin sheaths, involving microglia cells, oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), and mature oligodendrocytes. Short, noncoding RNA molecules, microRNAs (miRNAs), are believed to play a crucial role in the remyelination process by regulating gene expression. Various delivery systems, including extracellular vesicles, hold promise as an efficient and non-invasive way for providing miRNAs to stimulate remyelination.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Dave E. Marzan, Valerie Brugger-Verdon, Brian L. West, Shane Liddelow, Jayshree Samanta, James L. Salzer
Summary: The activated microglia play a crucial role in demyelination, with CSF1 signaling being implicated in these events.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
P. Jayananth, R. Madhumitha, L. Ramya
Summary: Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein is a transmembrane protein that, when attacked by autoimmunity, leads to demyelination. The interaction between MOG and HLA, particularly with epitope MOG(1-22), plays a crucial role in autoantibody generation. Glycosylation affects the flexibility of hMOG and enhances its interaction with water molecules.
JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR STRUCTURE & DYNAMICS
(2022)
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Ahmed Z. Obeidat, Allison N. Block, Sam I. Hooshmand
Summary: Chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids (CLIPPERS) is a distinct pathologic entity of unknown etiology, but caution is needed for diseases like myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein associated disease (MOG-AD) that mimic CLIPPERS. The everexpanding spectrum of MOG-AD calls for further research into the immunopathogenesis of its several phenotypes.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND RELATED DISORDERS
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elisabeth Traiffort, Severine Morisset-Lopez, Mireille Moussaed, Amina Zahaf
Summary: Motor neurons and their axons reaching the skeletal muscle have long been considered the primary targets of degeneration in ALS, but recent research suggests that glial cells, particularly oligodendrocytes, also play a significant role. Oligodendrocytes are now recognized to be critically involved in axonal injury and are affected by toxic effects of degenerative neurons.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Vanessa Naffaa, Olivier Laprevote, Anne-Laure Schang
Summary: Myelin is crucial for efficient conduction of action potentials in the nervous system, and disruptions during development can lead to neurodevelopmental disorders. Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are of concern for human health, with potential impacts on myelin and neurodevelopmental diseases. Further studies are needed to understand the effects and mechanisms of EDCs on myelination.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yeji Moon, Byung Chan Lim, Jong-Hee Chae, Jae Ho Jung
Summary: The purpose of this study was to investigate the ophthalmic and neurological features of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody seropositive optic neuritis (MOG-ON) in pediatric patients. The results showed that pediatric MOG-ON has distinct clinical features, such as infrequent pain and perineural enhancement. Although optic atrophy is commonly observed, visual function is retained in most patients. Therefore, a multidisciplinary approach and long-term follow-up are required for pediatric MOG-ON, as CNS involvement is more common than ON recurrence.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND RELATED DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Karlie N. Fedder-Semmes, Bruce Appel
Summary: Oligodendrocytes produce myelin to insulate and support axons in the vertebrate central nervous system. Akt-mTOR signaling pathway plays a crucial role in promoting myelin sheath growth and stability through regulating translation, highlighting the importance of local translation in controlling myelin sheath growth.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Bridget Shafit-Zagardo, Simone Sidoli, James E. Goldman, Juwen C. DuBois, John R. Corboy, Stephen M. Strittmatter, Hillary Guzik, Ukuemi Edema, Anita G. Arackal, Yair M. Botbol, Emilio Merheb, Rashed M. Nagra, Sarah Graff
Summary: During inflammatory, demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS), inflammation and axonal damage are prevalent early in the course. This study found that the insoluble protein TMEM106B, normally lysosome-associated, is insoluble in MS plaques relative to normal-appearing white matter from individuals with Alzheimer's disease and non-neurologic controls. Hypomorphic mice with a reduction in TMEM106B have increased axonal damage and lipid droplet accumulation in the spinal cord following experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Yoshiki Takai, Tatsuro Misu, Kazuo Fujihara, Masashi Aoki
Summary: This review summarizes the pathological findings of MOGAD and discusses unresolved issues. The pathological features of MOGAD are clearly different from those of multiple sclerosis (MS) and AQP4 antibody-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD), suggesting that MOGAD is an independent autoimmune demyelinating disease entity. Further research is needed to clarify the exact pathomechanisms of demyelination and its relation to the clinical phenotype and symptoms leading to disability in MOGAD patients.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sunil Krishna, Bokun Cheng, Deep R. Sharma, Sunita Yadav, Erin S. Stempinski, Sahil Mamtani, Elisa Shah, Anjali Deo, Trishna Acherjee, Teena Thomas, Xusheng Zhang, Jinghang Zhang, Dumitru A. Iacobas, Praveen Ballabh
Summary: Activation of PPAR-γ enhances myelination and neurological function in preterm rabbits with IVH, but does not reduce hydrocephalus. Treatment with PPAR-γ agonist may enhance myelination and neurological recovery in premature infants with IVH.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Meng Liu, Peiwen Zheng, Miaomiao Zheng, Weiwei Zhang, Fan Yang, Lan Hong, Xin Yu, Haiyun Xu
Summary: This study investigated the effects of CPZ exposure on larval zebra fish, showing that CPZ decreased swimming velocity and disrupted responses to light and sound stimulation. Transcriptome analysis revealed changes in genes related to dopaminergic synapse and oxidative phosphorylation. These findings suggest that CPZ induces dopaminergic hyperactivity and locomotor deficits in zebra fish, providing insights for further research on the neurotoxic effects of CPZ on mitochondria and dopaminergic neurotransmission.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Feng Gao, Jingyi Sun, Minmin Yao, Yanan Song, Hui Yi, Mingfeng Yang, Qingbin Ni, Jiming Kong, Hui Yuan, Baoliang Sun, Ying Wang
Summary: A sensitive and specific method based on surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technique was proposed for quantitative detection of misfolded SOD1 content in white matter lesions (WMLs). The level of misfolded SOD1 increased with age and the degree of WMLs, suggesting it as a potential blood marker for WMLs and aging. SERS-based gold nanostars have great clinical application potential in the screening, diagnosis, and treatment of WMLs.
ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Yang S. Liu, Lawrence Kiyang, Jake Hayward, Yanbo Zhang, Dan Metes, Mengzhe Wang, Lawrence W. Svenson, Fernanda Talarico, Pierre Chue, Xin-Min Li, Russell Greiner, Andrew J. Greenshaw, Bo Cao
Summary: A machine learning model based on representative large-scale health data was developed and prospectively validated for predicting individual OUD cases.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE PSYCHIATRIE
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Xianmei Luo, Zeman Fang, Lingyun Lin, Haiyun Xu, Qingjun Huang, Handi Zhang
Summary: This study found that medication-free MDD patients have significantly higher levels of complement C3 and C3a in their peripheral plasma compared to healthy controls, while the levels of C1q and CRP are comparable. However, these inflammatory factors are not associated with childhood trauma experiences in MDD patients.
Article
Plant Sciences
Fengjuan Zhang, Jianru Sun, Chang Wang, Chunying Li, Fengxin Chen, Haiyun Xu, Xue Chen
Summary: This study investigates the impact of Bacillus community, a type of spore-forming bacteria, on the competitive advantage of invasive plants. The results indicate that the relative abundance of Bacillus megaterium in the rhizosphere soil of the invasive plant is significantly higher than in the native plant. In addition, inoculation with B. megaterium isolated from both the invasive and native plants enhances the relative competitiveness of the invasive plant and inhibits that of the native plant. These findings contribute to understanding the role of Bacillus community in the invasion of invasive plants.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Haiyun Xu, Fangfang Yan, Ji Shen, Yunyang Deng, Mengyu Chen, Mei Li
Summary: This study retrospectively compared the imaging and clinical outcomes of two types of combination surgeries for recurrent patella dislocation (RPD). The results showed that both surgical techniques were effective in improving the patellofemoral joint and knee function. Tibial tuberosity transfer (TTT) may not be necessary for patients with a TT-TG distance greater than 15 mm.
QUANTITATIVE IMAGING IN MEDICINE AND SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Ying Guo, Teng Guan, Xin Jiao, Xiaofei Tian, Chunting Jin, Guohui Zhang, Jiming Kong
Summary: Preconditioning with low concentrations of inhaled carbon monoxide (CO) offers protection against hypoxic and ischemic insults in the brain and heart. This study suggests that the activation of mitochondrial-derived vesicles (MDVs) may be the mechanism underlying the protective effect of CO preconditioning. By inducing mild oxidative stress and promoting the production of MDVs, CO preconditioning prevents cell death in oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) and Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells under stressful conditions. Inhibition of lysosomal activity disrupts MDV degradation and mitochondrial quality control, reducing the protective effect of CO preconditioning.
BRAIN RESEARCH BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Lin Zhang, Haiyun Xu, Jianbin Pan
Summary: Beijing, with a population of over 20 million, faces challenges in terms of hot summer climate and environmental issues caused by urbanization. This study analyzed data from Beijing Olympic Forest Park and concluded that the thermal comfort level was higher in the double-layer plant community area composed of deciduous trees and native cover plants. Urban green spaces can enhance the local thermal environment and improve the quality of urban residential areas.
Review
Environmental Studies
Dan Li, Haiyun Xu, Yue Kang, Koen Steemers
Summary: Green and open spaces are beneficial for the physical activity of the elderly, but the relationship between different landscape characteristics and their activity levels is unclear. This study reviewed existing literature and found that nature/greenery, safety, road/path conditions, aesthetics, PA facilities, accessibility, amenity, water, and elderly accessibility facilities were positively associated with elderly's physical activity, while pavement conditions (gravel), the presence of water, poor maintenance, neighborhood aesthetics, and GVI were negatively correlated with their activity levels.
Review
Cell Biology
Ying Guo, Teng Guan, Kashfia Shafiq, Qiang Yu, Xin Jiao, Donghui Na, Meiyu Li, Guohui Zhang, Jiming Kong
Summary: Aging is a complex process involving functional decline in multiple organelles. The role of mitochondrial quality control (MQC) in aging is still poorly understood, although mitochondrial dysfunction is suggested to be a determining factor. Evidence suggests that reactive oxygen species (ROS) stimulate changes in mitochondrial dynamics and contribute to the accumulation of oxidized by-products through mitochondrial proteases and mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt). MQC mechanisms such as mitochondrial-derived vesicles (MDVs) and mitophagy play crucial roles in maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis and preventing cellular senescence and aging. However, imbalanced MQC interventions may accelerate abnormal energy metabolism and senescence. Appropriate interventions on MQC may delay the aging process and extend lifespan.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Mengpu Wang, Zihan Zhou, Wei Tang, Meiliu Peng, Lijing Chen, Mengbei Lou, Xinyu Fang, Haiyun Xu
Summary: Insomnia is frequently seen in schizophrenia patients and is associated with severe psychotic symptoms and cognitive impairment. This study investigated the correlations between insomnia and clinical manifestations in schizophrenia and found that regulatory T cells play a mediating role in these correlations. Tregs were found to negatively mediate the effect of insomnia on psychotic symptoms and positively mediate the effect of insomnia on cognitive impairment.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Yi Xu, Hongshen Yang, Zhou Jin, Jian Xiang, Haiyun Xu, Yili Huang Pokay, Haibo Mao, Xugong Cai, Yili Wu, Deborah Baofeng Wang
Summary: This study evaluated the functionality and effectiveness of a digital mental health clinic (DMHC) in secondary schools in China. The DMHC provided accessible and free mental health services to students, addressing issues such as learning difficulties, interpersonal relationships, and emotional distress. The mini course videos on emotional assistance, personal growth, and family member relationships were highly popular among students. The DMHC also served as a crisis prevention and intervention tool, helping students at high risk for suicide and self-injury.
JMIR FORMATIVE RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Qiang Yu, Teng Guan, Ying Guo, Jiming Kong
Summary: Myelination is important for rapid nerve conduction, axonal insulation, and protection. The process involves the proliferation, migration, and differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells, followed by the extension of mature oligodendrocytes and the formation of the myelin sheath around axons. Various cellular and molecular mechanisms regulate these steps, including transcription factors, growth factors, chemokines/cytokines, hormones, axonal signals, and intracellular signaling pathways. However, the precise mechanisms for initial myelination are still not fully understood. Future studies will focus on identifying the key mechanisms for myelination onset, development, and repair.
Article
Polymer Science
Lei Guo, Haiyun Xu, Nenghang Wu, Shuai Yuan, Lijun Zhou, Dongyang Wang, Lujia Wang
Summary: A molecular dynamics approach was used to construct models of pure silicone rubber and silicone rubber composites doped with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) of different radii. The thermal and mechanical properties, as well as the microstructures, of these models were analyzed and compared. The doping of CNTs was found to improve the thermal conductivity, glass transition temperature, and mechanical properties of the composites, with smaller radius CNTs having a more positive effect.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Caiji Zheng, Haiyan Liu, Weifeng Tu, Lingyun Lin, Haiyun Xu
Summary: This study found a hypercoagulable state in FES patients and demonstrated contrasting effects of acute and chronic antipsychotics on coagulation or fibrinolysis in schizophrenia patients.
THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
