Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Vivien Hotter, David Zopf, Hak Joong Kim, Anja Silge, Michael Schmitt, Prasad Aiyar, Johanna Fleck, Christian Matthaus, Julian Hniopek, Qing Yan, Joyce Loper, Severin Sasso, Christian Hertweck, Jurgen Popp, Maria Mittag
Summary: The interaction between algae and bacteria involves a complex molecular strategy, with bacteria using protegencin and orfamide A to disrupt the visual system and behavior of algae. This study highlights the multifaceted ways in which microorganisms can impact the growth and development of algae in nature.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Review
Plant Sciences
Harry O. Jackson, Henry N. Taunt, Pawel M. Mordaka, Alison G. Smith, Saul Purton
Summary: In order to provide sustainable and economically viable support for the growing global population, a paradigm shift in agricultural productivity is necessary, including the use of biotechnology to produce future crop plants. Genetic engineering methods aimed at enhancing photosynthetic efficiency or altering the composition of harvested tissues may need to be replaced by new-to-nature pathways for significant step changes. Utilizing synthetic metabolism and reprogramming the metabolism of chloroplasts in plants through chloroplast and nuclear engineering may be essential for future advancements in agricultural productivity.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Nan Lil, Sakuya Nakamura, Silvia Ramundo, Yoshiki Nishimura, Shinya Hagihara, Masanori Izumi
Summary: The study investigated the role of autophagy in chloroplast protein degradation in Chlamydomonas cells, revealing that chloroplast proteotoxic stress induced by inhibition of intraorganellar protease led to transport of chloroplast proteins to vacuoles, which was delayed by autophagy inhibitors. The findings suggest that autophagy contributes to chloroplast protein degradation in Chlamydomonas cells.
PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Jean-David Rochaix
Summary: This article presents a personal reminiscence of Paul Levine, a highly innovative scientist who made seminal contributions to photosynthesis. He established the green unicellular alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii as a model system for studying photosynthetic apparatus and its regulation through genetic approaches. His groundbreaking work on identifying the components and their genetic origins in the photosynthetic electron transport chain had a significant impact. He also trained many students and post-doctoral fellows who became prominent figures in this field and other areas of plant science.
PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Henry N. Taunt, Harry O. Jackson, isarr N. Gunnarsson, Rabbia Pervaiz, Saul Purton
Summary: ‘Marker-free’ strategies are used to create transgenic microorganisms without the transmission of antibiotic resistance genes. A new recipient line, HNT6, with an engineered deletion in exon 3 of psaA, was created for faster recovery of transformant colonies by selecting for light-tolerance on acetate-containing media. This new approach improves and accelerates the transformation pipeline for C. reinhardtii.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kentaro Akiyama, Shin-Ichiro Ozawa, Yuichiro Takahashi, Keisuke Yoshida, Toshiharu Suzuki, Kumiko Kondo, Ken-ichi Wakabayashi, Toru Hisabori
Summary: Through the analysis of CFoCF1 in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, it was found that the & gamma; subunit is involved in the redox regulation of CFoCF1 during the light/dark transitions; a half day purification method for the entire CFoCF1 complex from C. reinhardtii was established, and ATP synthesis activity was examined using the acid-base transition method; based on mutation analysis, a model of redox regulation of the ATP synthesis reaction by the cooperative function of the & beta;-hairpin and the redox loop domains specific to CFoCF1 was proposed.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Michela Cecchin, Jooyeon Jeong, Woojae Son, Minjae Kim, Seunghye Park, Luca Zuliani, Stefano Cazzaniga, Andrea Pompa, Chan Young Kang, Sangsu Bae, Matteo Ballottari, EonSeon Jin
Summary: This study generated lpa2 knockout mutants in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii using the CRISPR-Cas9 system and found that the absence of LPA2 protein resulted in impaired PSII assembly and function, leading to compromised photoautotrophic growth.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Umaima Al Hoqani, Rosa Leon, Saul Purton
Summary: Terpenoids are a diverse class of naturally occurring compounds found in all living organisms. They have various applications but are produced in limited quantities in their natural hosts. This study focuses on using metabolic engineering technologies to produce terpenoids in the green alga C. reinhardtii. The overexpression of the DXS gene in C. reinhardtii resulted in changes in chlorophyll and carotenoid levels, indicating the potential for manipulating terpenoid biosynthesis in this model alga.
JOURNAL OF KING SAUD UNIVERSITY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Jihye Yeon, Stephen M. M. Miller, Wipawee Dejtisakdi
Summary: Microalgae are a promising platform for producing valuable commercial products, and this study developed synthetic operon vectors to express multiple proteins from a single chloroplast transcription unit. The results showed successful expression of two proteins, but some coding sequences did not work well in synthetic operons in this alga.
Review
Cell Biology
Ulrich Kueck, Olga Schmitt
Summary: This article reviews RNA trans-splicing process in eukaryotes, focusing on trans-splicing of discontinuous group II introns in lower eukaryotes and plants' chloroplasts and mitochondria. It also discusses the origin of intronic sequences and the evolutionary relationship between chloroplast ribonucleoprotein complexes and the nuclear spliceosome.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Rabbia Pervaiz, Mohsin Ahmad Khan, Faiz Ahmed Raza, Sohail Ahmad, Ahmad Usman Zafar, Nadeem Ahmed, Maham Akram
Summary: This study explores the safe delivery of Cry toxins to mosquito larvae in aquatic habitats. It is found that incorporating Bt toxins in C. reinhardtii can enhance their toxicity. The experiments of stable expression in chloroplast and nuclear compartments demonstrate the feasibility of the C. reinhardtii chloroplast expression system for genetic engineering with Bt toxins.
JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Obed W. Odom, Seongjoon Kang, Caleb Ferguson, Carrie Chen, David L. Herrin
Summary: High-level expression of transgenes in the chloroplast of wild-type Chlamydomonas reinhardtii remains challenging. The bottleneck is post-transcriptional, mediated by the 5' element and the coding region. The fusion of the mature rps4 mRNA's 5' UTR with promoters improved the production of rCry11A protein.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Richa Amiya, Michal Shapira
Summary: The thylakoid membrane-associated protein ZnJ6 functions as an oxidizing chaperone in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, assisting in protein structure maintenance, preventing aggregation, and maintaining redox balance in cells.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Emilija Dukic, Kim A. van Maldegem, Kashif Mohd Shaikh, Kento Fukuda, Mats Toepel, Katalin Solymosi, Jonna Hellsten, Thomas Hesselhoj Hansen, Soren Husted, John Higgins, Satoshi Sano, Sumio Ishijima, Cornelia Spetea
Summary: Magnesium (Mg2+) is crucial for photosynthesis in plants and algae, and its concentration in chloroplasts is tightly regulated by transport proteins. This study identifies three different transporters and investigates their roles in maintaining chloroplast Mg2+ homeostasis and regulating photosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana and Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. The findings reveal essential but differential roles of these transporters in chloroplast Mg2+ homeostasis and highlight their conservation across plant species.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Oliver D. Caspari
Summary: The study reveals that additional sequence stretches are required for efficient chloroplast import of heterologous cargo proteins in Chlamydomonas chloroplast transit peptides, beyond the cleavage site.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)