Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Larischa de Wet, Anthony Williams, Marc Gillard, Steven Kregel, Sophia Lamperis, Lisa C. Gutgesell, Jordan E. Vellky, Ryan Brown, Kelly Conger, Gladell P. Paner, Heng Wang, Elizabeth E. Platz, Angelo M. De Marzo, Ping Mu, Jonathan L. Coloff, Russell Z. Szmulewitz, Donald J. Vander Griend
Summary: This study investigated the impact of SOX2 expression on patient outcomes and its function within prostate cancer cells. The results revealed that SOX2 expression promotes metastatic progression and therapy resistance in prostate cancer, and affects the metabolic pathways and metabolites of cancer cells. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the role of SOX2 in prostate cancer and suggest its potential as a biomarker and pharmacologic target in clinical settings.
Article
Oncology
Mohammed Alshalalfa, Crystal Seldon, Idalid Franco, Randy Vince, Ruben Carmona, Sanoj Punnen, Salma Kaochar, Robert Dess, Amar Kishan, Daniel E. Spratt, Janaki Sharma, Alan Dal Pra, Alan Pollack, Matthew C. Abramowitz, Brandon A. Mahal
Summary: This study found that liver metastases in prostate cancer are associated with poor survival and aggressive genomic features, including MYC amplification, PTEN deletion, and PIK3CB amplification.
PROSTATE CANCER AND PROSTATIC DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yiping Wen, Yaya Hou, Xiaoqing Yi, Si Sun, Jing Guo, Xiaoqi He, Tao Li, Jing Cai, Zehua Wang
Summary: The study revealed that EZH2 plays a critical role in ovarian cancer stemness and chemo-resistance, with CHK1 being a target involved in CSC stemness regulated by EZH2. Clinical samples showed that high levels of EZH2 and CHK1 were associated with poorer prognosis and increased resistance to platinum drugs in ovarian cancer patients.
Article
Cell Biology
Prakash P. Praharaj, Srimanta Patra, Soumya R. Mishra, Subhadip Mukhopadhyay, Daniel J. Klionsky, Shankargouda Patil, Sujit K. Bhutia
Summary: This study found that cisplatin treatment activated higher mitophagy in oral cancer stem cells by regulating CLU levels. CLU regulated mitochondrial fission by activating AKT kinase, leading to mitochondrial fission. Furthermore, CLU-mediated mitophagy positively regulated oral cancer stem cells by degrading MSX2 and preventing its nuclear translocation, which suppressed SOX2 activity and inhibited cancer stemness and self-renewal ability.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Peng Ye, Xiaoxia Chi, Xiuwen Yan, Fangqin Wu, Zhigang Liang, Wen-Hao Yang
Summary: This study reveals the crucial role of alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGXT) in supporting liver cancer stem cells (LCSCs) and maintaining their stemness. AGXT may sustain the self-renewal potential of LCSCs by upregulating the expression of SRY-box transcription factor 2 (SOX2) and octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT4).
Article
Oncology
Mikolaj Filon, Joseph Gawdzik, Andrew Truong, Glenn Allen, Wei Huang, Tariq Khemees, Rehaan Machhi, Peter Lewis, Bing Yang, John Denu, David Jarrard
Summary: Histone modifications play a role in cancer progression. EZH2 and NSD2 expression and co-regulation were investigated in hormone-sensitive and castrate-resistant prostate cancer. Increased co-expression of EZH2 and NSD2 was found in castrate-resistant prostate cancer, metastatic tissues, and associated with shorter disease-free survival, highlighting their potential as therapeutic targets.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yazan Al Salhi, Manfredi Bruno Sequi, Fabio Maria Valenzi, Andrea Fuschi, Alessia Martoccia, Paolo Pietro Suraci, Antonio Carbone, Giorgia Tema, Riccardo Lombardo, Antonio Cicione, Antonio Luigi Pastore, Cosimo De Nunzio
Summary: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a small and elusive subpopulation of self-renewing cancer cells that have the remarkable ability to initiate, propagate, and spread malignant disease. Previous studies have focused on the role of CSCs in the development and progression of PCa. PCa CSCs typically originate from luminal prostate cells, and the Wnt, Sonic Hedgehog, and Notch signaling pathways are involved in their development. Epithelial mesenchymal transition and specific miRNAs also play important roles in this process. Targeting these pathways has shown promise in improving the management of PCa development and progression. CSCs in prostate cancer represent a significant and promising area of research.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Manqi Zhang, Yasemin Ceyhan, Shenglin Mei, Taghreed Hirz, David B. Sykes, Irina U. Agoulnik
Summary: Prostate cancer is driven by multiple genetic alterations, and the loss of INPP4B and PTEN is a common tumor suppressor loss in prostate cancer. The loss of INPP4B and PTEN triggers different compensatory responses in prostate tissue.
Article
Cell Biology
Wenjing Zhu, Dongya Sheng, Yiqun Shao, Qiang Zhang, Yu Peng
Summary: This study reveals the significant role of LINC00160 in prostate cancer, affecting tumor progression through regulation of cell proliferation, apoptosis, and glycolysis. The study also uncovers the crucial roles of STAT3 and EZH2 in regulating the cooperation between LINC00160 and RCAN1.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Ming Li Jin, Liu Yang, Kwang Won Jeong
Summary: This study reveals the critical role of the SETD1A-SOX2 axis in tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer cells. Overexpression of SETD1A leads to increased resistance to tamoxifen, and high levels of SETD1A and SOX2 are significantly associated with a low survival rate in breast cancer patients.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ioannis M. Koukourakis, Kalliopi Platoni, Vassilis Kouloulias, Stella Arelaki, Anna Zygogianni
Summary: Under normal conditions, stem cells differentiate into mature organ/tissue-specific cells at a steady pace. However, their growth can be accelerated during tissue healing or in certain diseases. It is believed that the proliferation and growth of cancer cells are sustained by a vital cellular compartment resembling stem cells in normal tissues, known as cancer stem cells (CSCs). Mutations in prostate stem cells can lead to the formation of prostate cancer. Prostate CSCs (PCSCs) have been identified and characterized, expressing specific surface markers and over-activating signaling pathways. They are associated with radiotherapy and chemotherapy resistance, aggressive cancer behavior, and higher relapse rates. Developing treatment strategies to target PCSCs in tumors can improve the effectiveness of cytotoxic therapy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Yunhee Lee, Junghwa Yoon, Dongjoon Ko, Minyeong Yu, Soojin Lee, Semi Kim
Summary: TMPRSS4 promotes cancer stem cell features in prostate cancer by upregulating the stem cell factor SOX2 through the EMT-inducing transcription factors SLUG and TWIST1. This novel mechanism may play a crucial role in tumor progression control.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Isis Wolf, Christian Gratzke, Philipp Wolf
Summary: Despite research and improvements in diagnosis and therapy, prostate cancer (PC) remains a major challenge. Recent findings have highlighted the role of PC stem cells (PCSCs) in tumorigenesis, relapse, metastasis, and treatment resistance. This review discusses the impact of PCSCs in clinical practice and presents new therapeutic approaches to improve outcomes for PC patients.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Jianhui Yang, Omar Aljitawi, Peter Van Veldhuizen
Summary: This review summarizes the recent research progress on the role of CD133 in prostate cancer stem cells (PCSC), including its selective expression in undifferentiated cells, its correlation to treatment resistance, its gene regulation and functional analysis, and its targeted therapy in vitro, in vivo, and in clinical trials.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Li Kang, Huifang Zhang, Yaling Wang, Manyu Chu, Jianzhong He, Mengyang Xue, Liu Pan, Yunfeng Zhang, Zhen Wang, Zhaosu Chen, Yuanyong Huang, Zitai Chen, Enmin Li, Jiwen Li, Liyan Xu, Rong Zhang, Jiemin Wong
Summary: This study identifies HSP90 inhibitors as potential therapeutic agents for SOX2-positive cancers by regulating CHIP nuclear exclusion and HSP90 activity to suppress SOX2 protein stability and tumorigenic activity.