Article
Thermodynamics
Xinyi Tian, Jun Wang, Jie Ji, Tian Xia
Summary: In this study, a theoretical model was developed to estimate the electrical power output of curved photovoltaic modules and compared its performance with flat modules. The results showed that curved modules performed better in annual electricity generation with a high inclination angle in summer. Curved photovoltaic modules have the potential to improve aesthetics of buildings and increase electrical yield.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
C. Del Pero, N. Aste, F. Leonforte, F. Sfolcini
Summary: This paper examines the alterations related to ageing of c-Si PV modules by analyzing a pilot BIPV system after 20 years of actual operation. The results confirm the reliability of c-Si technology, emphasizing the importance of careful monitoring especially after the 15th year.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Luthfan Fauzan, Min Ju Yun, Yeon Hyang Sim, Dong Yoon Lee, Seung I. Cha
Summary: The urban application of photovoltaics is crucial for achieving carbon-free electricity production. However, the serial connections within modules pose problems under partial shading conditions, which are common in urban environments. To address this, a partial shading-tolerance photovoltaic module is introduced. The small-area-high-voltage (SAHiV) module with rectangle and triangle shapes shows the highest partial shading tolerance in most scenarios, making it suitable for urban areas.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
N. Belhaouas, F. Mehareb, E. Kouadri-Boudjelthia, H. Assem, S. Bensalem, F. Hadjrioua, A. Aissaoui, H. Hafdaoui, A. Chahtou, K. Bakria, D. Saheb-Koussa
Summary: This paper analyzes the degradation performance of monocrystalline silicon PV modules exposed outdoor for eleven years in Bouzareah city, northern Algeria under Mediterranean climate conditions. The results show that the PV modules suffer mainly from optical failures, leading to reductions in electrical parameters and influence on temperature coefficients.
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES AND ASSESSMENTS
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ruda Lee, Hyomun Lee, Dongsu Kim, Jongho Yoon
Summary: This study aims to analyze the power generation performance of flexible CIGS modules under outdoor exposure conditions to evaluate their applicability to BIPV buildings.
ENERGY SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Luigi Vesce, Paolo Mariani, Massimo Calamante, Alessio Dessi, Alessandro Mordini, Lorenzo Zani, Aldo Di Carlo
Summary: This study demonstrates a highly reproducible process of depositing different inks onto devices using screen-printing technique, resulting in the fabrication of dye-sensitized solar cell modules and panels with stability and high efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jaewon Kim, Hyomun Lee, Mungyu Choi, Dongsu Kim, Jongho Yoon
Summary: The study compares the power generation performance of angle-movable PV blinds with a typically fixed BIPV system. Experimental and simulation-based analyses are conducted to evaluate the effects of shading on power output. The results show that shading effects significantly reduce the power generation performance of PV blinds, even under monthly optimal-angle conditions.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Young-Su Kim, A-Rong Kim, Sung-Ju Tark
Summary: This paper proposes a new method for manufacturing efficient BIPV modules that meet aesthetic requirements. By using additive manufacturing, an optical pattern is created to maximize sunlight reaching the solar cells and hide them beneath the pattern. The optimized optical pattern is used to fabricate PV modules. The color BIPV technology is expected to expand the market and reduce carbon emissions.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Oufan Zhao, Wei Zhang, Lingzhi Xie, Wei Wang, Mo Chen, Zihao Li, Jianhui Li, Xin Wu, Xiding Zeng, Shaomin Du
Summary: Compared to common PV modules, bifacial PV modules can increase energy output by installing cells on both sides. However, it can have a complex impact on the indoor environment due to the thermoelectric effect. A study on a building integrated bifacial PV module showed that the module caused significant thermal stratification at noon in summer, affecting indoor temperature. Additionally, the indoor lighting was ideal overall but became too strong in sunny days. By optimizing the module coverage and installing a heat insulation reflective layer, the indoor environment was significantly improved.
SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Hyomun Lee, Ruda Lee, Dongsu Kim, Jongho Yoon, Hyunil Kim, Gunhwan Lee
Summary: This study evaluates the operational performance of color building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) modules under outdoor experimental conditions. Comparative analysis shows that the reduction in transmittance caused by the color coating has a smaller impact on performance degradation. The operational efficiency reduction of the gray module is expected to be caused by the decrease in current.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Bernard Aboagye, Samuel Gyamfi, Eric Antwi Ofosu, Sinisa Djordjevic
Summary: The study quantified the degradation rates and predicted the lifetime of 16 PV systems of different module technologies and age groups in Ghana, showing that crystalline silicon modules degrade less than amorphous silicon modules, and predicting the lifetimes of different PV systems.
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Guoqing Yu, Hongxing Yang, Daina Luo, Xu Cheng, Mark Kyeredey Ansah
Summary: BIPV windows integrate solar cells within window glazing, reducing building energy consumption and providing superior thermal insulation and electricity generation performance compared to traditional windows.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Cristina Leyre Pinto, Jaione Bengoechea, Inaki Cornago, Eugenia Zugasti
Summary: Front glass structured with random subwavelength structures provides photovoltaic modules with a spectrally broadband omnidirectional antireflective property, enhancing also the incident angle modifier factor and boosting energy production in the field. Long-term outdoor monitoring of PV devices laminated with nanostructured glasses shows that the short-circuit current improvement ranges from 3.0% in September to 4.0% in December. The investigation of the solar angle of incidence influence indicates that the Isc performance increases more than 5.0% with AOI higher than 60°.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Easter Joseph, Pradeep Menon Vijaya Kumar, Balbir Singh Mahinder Singh, Dennis Ling Chuan Ching
Summary: This research aims to develop a fault detection and performance monitoring system for photovoltaic systems. The system utilizes real-time data from various sensors to identify performance problems and faults, and includes a user interface that shows detected errors. Fault detection is achieved by comparing the One-diode model with a controlled state retrieved through field testing. The system provides real-time monitoring, clear error messages, and remote access capability, making it an efficient tool for managing and maintaining photovoltaic systems.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Mo Chen, Wei Zhang, Lingzhi Xie, Bo He, Wei Wang, Jianhui Li, Zihao Li
Summary: The study investigated the electricity generation improvement of bifacial PV modules as building envelope and identified key factors influencing their power generation performance through experiments and simulations. It was found that increasing the reflectivity of the inner surface can enhance the electricity generation efficiency of bifacial PV modules.
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Marco Pierro, Mario Barba, Richard Perez, Marc Perez, David Moser, Cristina Cornaro
Summary: Achieving the European Union's 2030 renewable energy source targets requires increasing flexible resources to compensate for the variability of solar and wind generation and ensure system safety and balance. This article proposes two readily deployable flexibility solutions using flexible photovoltaic (PV) or PV/wind fleets, along with underforecasting and proactive curtailment of variable renewable generation, to reduce imbalances in Italy. The study also shows that these flexibility solutions can be further enhanced by strengthening the transmission grid.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Maurizio Stefanelli, Luigi Vesce, Aldo Di Carlo
Summary: Perovskite solar cells and modules are driving the energy revolution in the photovoltaic field. Low-cost carbon-based materials as counter electrodes in carbon-based perovskite solar cells and modules make them suitable for large-scale manufacturing processes. In this study, we present the upscaling routes of carbon-counter-electrode-based module devices to promote research in this green and sustainable direction.
Article
Crystallography
Nicolo Lago, Andrea Polo, Sathy Harshavardhan Reddy, Aldo Di Carlo, Andrea Cester
Summary: This study investigates the intrinsic instability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) by focusing on the role of the hole-blocking layer (HBL). It is found that PSCs fabricated with SnOX exhibit larger instabilities mainly due to fluctuations in the open-circuit voltage, while those fabricated with BCP are more stable with a marginal increase in power conversion efficiency attributed to an increase in the short-circuit current.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Adriana Angelotti, Livio Mazzarella, Cristina Cornaro, Francesca Frasca, Alessandro Prada, Paolo Baggio, Ilaria Ballarini, Giovanna De Luca, Vincenzo Corrado
Summary: Calibrating the existing building simulation model correctly is crucial for evaluating the potential energy savings through retrofit. In this study, four research groups used different dynamic simulation tools to simultaneously simulate an existing residential building. Different methodologies and measurement data sets were employed for calibration, followed by validation on two evaluation periods. The study finds that the absence of user behavior data is more critical than uncertainty in envelope properties for calibrating a well-insulated building model. The automatic approach is more effective in managing model complexity and achieving better calibration performance, with a lower RMSE relative to indoor temperature compared to the manual approach.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jie Xu, Suresh Kumar Podapangi, Sathy Harshavardhan Reddy, Luigi Angelo Castriotta, Aldo Di Carlo, Thomas M. Brown
Summary: This study investigates the performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) under indoor and outdoor light conditions, and finds that the bromine content has a significant effect on the bandgap of the cells. By analyzing the crystal structure, morphology, and optoelectronic properties, the study proposes key parameters and threshold values for achieving indoor efficiencies greater than 25%. This research provides useful insights for the development of improved PSCs for indoor applications.
ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Um Kanta Aryal, Hanna Pazniak, Tanya Kumari, Matthieu Weber, Fredrik O. L. Johansson, Noemi Vannucchi, Nadine Witkowski, Vida Turkovic, Aldo Di Carlo, Morten Madsen
Summary: The addition of MXene to ZnO precursors as a modified composite electron transport layer (ETL) has successfully improved the efficiency and stability of organic solar cells (OSCs). The solar cells achieved power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 14.1% and 13.7% for 0.5 wt % and 2 wt % MXene, respectively, compared to a PCE of 14.9% for the neat ZnO layer devices. Furthermore, the MXene-based OSC devices demonstrated superior stability. Optical spectroscopy and hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis revealed that the introduction of MXene in the composite ZnO-based ETL mitigates the photocatalytic decomposition of the organic active layer on the ZnO surface, leading to improved device stability.
ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Cristina Cornaro, Gianluigi Bovesecchi, Filippo Calcerano, Letizia Martinelli, Elena Gigliarelli
Summary: Improving energy efficiency and environmental impact of historical buildings is crucial in tackling climate change. To achieve this, a comprehensive understanding of the building is needed to guide technology selection and design solutions. This paper presents an integrated approach that combines non-destructive techniques and heritage building information modeling to analyze the characteristics and behavior of historical buildings. The methodology was applied to a case study in the historical city center of Rome, Italy, and the results will be used to support the design of interventions through dynamic building performance simulations.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Erica Magliano, Paolo Mariani, Antonio Agresti, Sara Pescetelli, Fabio Matteocci, Babak Taheri, Antonio Cricenti, Marco Luce, Aldo Di Carlo
Summary: This study developed an indium tin oxide (ITO) deposition process that effectively suppresses sputtering damage by using a transition metal oxides (TMOs)-based buffer layer. The research found that an ultrathin layer of evaporated vanadium oxide or molybdenum oxide can protect against sputtering damage in ST-PSCs for tandem applications and thin perovskite-based devices for building-integrated photovoltaics.
ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jie Xu, Sathy Harshavardhan Reddy, Luigi Angelo Castriotta, Suresh Kumar Podapangi, Marco Luce, Antonio Cricenti, Aldo Di Carlo, Thomas M. Brown
Summary: The indoor photovoltaic performance of triple-cation n-i-p perovskite solar cells was significantly improved by EuCl3 doping, especially under low light levels. EuCl3 doping reduced volatile iodine species and unreacted residual PbI2, resulting in larger perovskite grains, more uniform films, and fewer defects. As a result, the indoor power conversion efficiency increased.
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY & FUELS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Hamed Javanbakht Lomeri, Giuseppina Polino, Suresh Podapangi, Thomas M. Brown, Francesca Brunetti
Summary: Organic solar cells have potential for indoor and outdoor applications, but the choice of interfacial layer significantly affects device performance. Devices with polylysine as the interfacial layer exhibited the highest efficiency under 1 sun illumination, while devices with PEIE displayed higher efficiency under indoor illumination. This study highlights the importance of selecting the proper interfacial layer for organic solar cells depending on the desired application.
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY & FUELS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Farshad Jafarzadeh, Luigi Angelo Castriotta, Francesca De Rossi, Jazib Ali, Francesco Di Giacomo, Aldo Di Carlo, Fabio Matteocci, Francesca Brunetti
Summary: This paper introduces sustainable flexible perovskite solar modules (flex-PSMs) where all layers are blade coated in ambient air without toxic solvents. By additive engineering, morphology was improved, voids in the perovskite layer were limited, and efficiency of 14% was achieved. Scalability of the process was demonstrated with the manufacturing of 94 cm(2) modules.
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY & FUELS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Sahar Majidi-Nezhad, Negin Sabahi, Hashem Shahroosvand, Narges Yaghoobi Nia, Aldo Di Carlo
Summary: Researchers have developed a dopant-free hole-transporting material (HTM) for efficient perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The new HTM, based on imidazole phenanthrene derivatives, is cost-effective and exhibits higher power conversion efficiency and light stability compared to benchmark materials. This breakthrough in engineering additive-free PSCs could lead to low-cost and high-stability solar cells.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Suresh K. Podapangi, Farshad Jafarzadeh, Sara Mattiello, Tulja Bhavani Korukonda, Akash Singh, Luca Beverina, Thomas M. Brown
Summary: Perovskite materials research has gained recognition for its applications in photovoltaics, LEDs, and other large area low-cost electronics. However, unstable operation in outdoor environments and the toxicity of the employed materials and solvents have posed challenges. This review summarizes and discusses green and environment-friendly methods for fabricating perovskite solar cells, such as non-toxic solvents and lead-free alternatives. It also explores the environmental impact of lead content in perovskites and the progress in replacing lead with greener alternatives.
