Article
Energy & Fuels
Johanna Aulich, David Chojniak, Alexander J. Bett, Marc Steiner, Florian Schindler, Gerald Siefer, Martin C. Schubert, Jan Christoph Goldschmidt, Stefan W. Glunz
Summary: Spectrometric characterization is a method for accurately determining the current matching point and investigating sub-cell properties of multi-junction solar cells. This paper presents the applicability and evaluation procedure for a systematic variation of all three sub-cells of a triple-junction solar cell. Clearly defined measurement conditions are derived to allow meaningful characterization and comparisons of different devices.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Julian Weber, Torsten Roessler
Summary: This work focuses on the resistance induced by electrically conductive adhesive (ECA) in interconnecting shingle solar cells. A new method to directly measure this resistance (labeled as R-int) from actual strings of shingles is presented and evaluated. The results show that for non-laminated strings and two different ECAs, the interconnection resistance R-int is approximately 2.5 m omega. It is also emphasized that the assessment of electrical interconnection quality is not trivial when R-int is unknown.
PROGRESS IN PHOTOVOLTAICS
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Sagar Bhattarai, Deepthi Jayan, Rahul Pandey, Jaya Madan, Mohd Zahid Ansari, Mongi Amami, M. Khalid Hossain
Summary: This study compares the performance of single and double absorbers-based perovskite solar cells in different configurations. PSCs based on MAPb(I1-xClx)(3) exhibit lower performance and limited output for photovoltaic applications. However, the novel grading approach allows for higher light spectra absorption and improves efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jan Paschen, Puzant Baliozian, Oliver John, Elmar Lohmueller, Torsten Roessler, Jan Nekarda
Summary: The article introduces a novel method using aluminum foil for shingling solar cells, which saves costs and increases power density, with successful proof of concept.
PROGRESS IN PHOTOVOLTAICS
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Janardan Dagar, Markus Fenske, Amran Al-Ashouri, Christof Schultz, Bor Li, Hans Koebler, Rahim Munir, Gopinath Parmasivam, Jinzhao Li, Igal Levine, Aboma Merdasa, Lukas Kegelmann, Hampus Naesstroem, Jose A. Marquez, Thomas Unold, Daniel M. Toebbens, Rutger Schlatmann, Bert Stegemann, Antonio Abate, Steve Albrecht, Eva Unger
Summary: Through optimization of perovskite precursor composition and interfaces, a p-i-n-type perovskite solar cell with 22.3% power conversion efficiency was achieved, demonstrating a new performance record. The high device performance is attributed to improved perovskite absorber quality, increased open-circuit voltage with reduced recombination losses, and high-quality hole-selective contacts. Long-term stability of devices was maintained using additives and optimized deposition methods, with scaled-up device architecture achieving high efficiency mini-modules.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Andres Calcabrini, Paul Procel Moya, Ben Huang, Viswambher Kambhampati, Patrizio Manganiello, Mirco Muttillo, Miro Zeman, Olindo Isabella
Summary: This study analyzes how interdigitated back-contact solar cells with low-breakdown voltages can improve the shading tolerance of PV modules. Through simulations and monitoring activities, it is demonstrated that this new technology can significantly increase the annual energy yield of PV systems, particularly under partial shading conditions.
CELL REPORTS PHYSICAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Eli J. Wolf, Isaac E. Gould, Lyle B. Bliss, Joseph J. Berry, Michael D. McGehee
Summary: When a solar cell is shaded in a panel, it can cause significant problems due to reverse bias, with some technologies using bypass diodes to address this issue. The number of solar cells that can be protected by one bypass diode needs to be explored, with singulated cell modules being easier to incorporate bypass diodes than monolithic panels. Perovskite-silicon tandems can be protected with fewer bypass diodes than single-junction perovskite modules, but if bypass diodes cannot be feasibly incorporated, deployment in utility-scale power plants is suggested.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yu Cao, Chaoying Liu, Jiahao Jiang, Xinyun Zhu, Jing Zhou, Jian Ni, Jianjun Zhang, Jinbo Pang, Mark H. Rummeli, Weijia Zhou, Hong Liu, Gianaurelio Cuniberti
Summary: This study designed and optimized triple-junction antimony chalcogenides-based solar cells with a high theoretical efficiency. By maintaining a low selenium content in the mid-cell, the external quantum efficiency of the solar cells was increased. Additionally, regulating the bandgap gradient through selenium content gradient in single-junction solar cells improved the conversion efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Seonyong Park, Olivier Cavani, Jeremie Lefevre, Carsten Baur, Victor Khorenko, Bruno Boizot
Summary: The behavior of electron-irradiated 3G28 InGaP/GaAs/Ge triple junction solar cells and their component cells was investigated at low temperatures and low illumination intensity. Significant performance degradation was observed, with the bottom sub-cell showing higher tunneling current and degradation effects compared to the top and middle sub-cells, which were more uniform in doping profile due to epitaxial deposition. However, the degradation associated with tunneling significantly recovered in the bottom cell at 300 K.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Keith G. Brooks, Mohammad Khaja Nazeeruddin
Summary: Perovskite photovoltaic technology is transitioning towards pre-industrialization phase, with laser technologies playing a crucial role in achieving reliable and high-performance commercial perovskite solar modules. Industrial lasers are essential for maintaining the benefits of very high performances reported for laboratory cells in the upscaling process.
ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zaiwei Wang, Lewei Zeng, Tong Zhu, Hao Chen, Bin Chen, Dominik J. Kubicki, Adam Balvanz, Chongwen Li, Aidan Maxwell, Esma Ugur, Roberto dos Reis, Matthew Cheng, Guang Yang, Biwas Subedi, Deying Luo, Juntao Hu, Junke Wang, Sam Teale, Suhas Mahesh, Sasa Wang, Shuangyan Hu, Eui Dae Jung, Mingyang Wei, So Min Park, Luke Grater, Erkan Aydin, Zhaoning Song, Nikolas J. Podraza, Zheng-Hong Lu, Jinsong Huang, Vinayak P. Dravid, Stefaan De Wolf, Yanfa Yan, Michael Gratzel, Merx G. Kanatzidis, Edward H. Sargent
Summary: Researchers have discovered that lattice distortion in iodide/bromide mixed perovskites can suppress phase segregation, leading to increased ion-migration energy barrier. By using an approximately 2.0-electron-volt rubidium/caesium mixed-cation inorganic perovskite with large lattice distortion, they achieved an efficiency of 24.3% in all-perovskite triple-junction solar cells. This is the first reported certified efficiency for perovskite-based triple-junction solar cells.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Lujia Xu, Wenzhu Liu, Haohui Liu, Cangming Ke, Mingcong Wang, Chenlin Zhang, Erkan Aydin, Mohammed Al-Aswad, Konstantinos Kotsovos, Issam Gereige, Ahmed Al-Saggaf, Aqil Jamal, Xinbo Yang, Peng Wang, Frederic Laquai, Thomas G. Allen, Stefaan De Wolf
Summary: This study evaluates the economic impact of thermal effects on PV systems by establishing a temperature-dependent levelized cost of energy (LCOE) model and introducing a new metric, gamma. The investigation focuses on the root causes of heating in solar cells and modules, particularly in crystalline-Si (c-Si) PVs, to quantify ways to mitigate undesired heating effects.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Y. Marouf, L. Dehimi, F. Pezzimenti, H. Bencherif
Summary: This paper discusses the design and optimization of a triple-junction (TJ) solar cell using indium gallium nitride (InGaN) material. By performing comprehensive 2D numerical simulations, the best bandgap combination was identified to optimize current matching, while adjusting doping concentration and base thickness. The optimized structure achieved improved open-circuit voltage, fill factor, and conversion efficiency.
JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL ELECTRONICS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Felix Utama Kosasih, Francesco Di Giacomo, Jordi Ferrer Orri, Kexue Li, Elizabeth M. Tennyson, Weiwei Li, Fabio Matteocci, Gunnar Kusch, Narges Yaghoobi Nia, Rachel A. Oliver, Judith L. MacManus-Driscoll, Katie L. Moore, Samuel D. Stranks, Aldo Di Carlo, Giorgio Divitini, Caterina Ducati
Summary: This study demonstrates that Na diffusion occurs in the fabrication process of perovskite solar modules, forming Na-Br-rich perovskite and enhancing its luminescence. However, the continuous diffusion of Na throughout the module's lifetime, especially under the electric field and elevated temperatures during device operation, may have long-lasting effects on the module's performance.
ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Dilip Yadav, Nidhi Singh, Vikas Singh Bhadoria, Vasiliki Vita, Georgios Fotis, Eleftherios G. Tsampasis, Theodoros I. Maris
Summary: This paper provides a comparative analysis of single, double, and three-diode models for commercial and industrial photovoltaic cells. The efficiency of a PV system depends on various factors, such as fill factor, material effect, temperature coefficient, interconnections, module degradation, solar irradiation, module temperature, soiling, potential induced degradation, PV module tilt angle, parasitic resistance, and shading effect. The results show that the single-diode model has the highest efficiency of 99.9% at STC, while adding diodes decreases the maximum allowable power.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Alexander J. Bett, Patricia S. C. Schulze, Kristina M. Winkler, Oezde S. Kabakli, Ines Ketterer, Laura E. Mundt, S. Kasimir Reichmuth, Gerald Siefer, Ludmila Cojocaru, Leonard Tutsch, Martin Bivour, Martin Hermle, Stefan W. Glunz, Jan Christoph Goldschmidt
PROGRESS IN PHOTOVOLTAICS
(2020)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Mohamed Islam Said, Marc Steiner, Gerald Siefer, Amar Hadj Arab
Article
Energy & Fuels
S. Kasimir Reichmuth, Gerald Siefer, Michael Schachtner, Matthias Muhleis, Jochen Hohl-Ebinger, Stefan W. Glunz
IEEE JOURNAL OF PHOTOVOLTAICS
(2020)
Article
Energy & Fuels
David Lackner, Oliver Hoehn, Ralph Mueller, Paul Beutel, Patrick Schygulla, Hubert Hauser, Felix Predan, Gerald Siefer, Michael Schachtner, Jonas Schoen, Jan Benick, Martin Hermle, Frank Dimroth
Article
Energy & Fuels
Juan F. Martinez, Marc Steiner, Maike Wiesenfarth, Gerald Siefer, Stefan W. Glunz, Frank Dimroth
Summary: Hybrid concentrator/flat-plate photovoltaic technology combines III-V multi-junction and flat-plate bifacial solar cells to convert direct, diffuse and rear irradiance into electricity. The power output of the modules is evaluated and rated at standard test and operating conditions, with the results showing high efficiency and output levels.
PROGRESS IN PHOTOVOLTAICS
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Markus Feifel, David Lackner, Jonas Schoen, Jens Ohlmann, Jan Benick, Gerald Siefer, Felix Predan, Martin Hermle, Frank Dimroth
Summary: The latest results of GaInP/GaAs/Si triple-junction solar cells are presented, with the implementation of transparent AlxGa1-xAsyP1-y step-graded metamorphic buffers leading to an increase in short-circuit current density and a new conversion efficiency record of 25.9%.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Marc Steiner, Paresh Mathur, Subrata Sarkar, Gerald Siefer
Summary: Energy yield calculations for CPV modules using tandem solar cell technology were conducted and analysed in this study. The PVsyst model showed good agreement with measured data in Freiburg, but had a 10% deviation in Greater Noida due to the high aerosol content impacting spectral irradiance. The PVsyst calculations were improved using SMR corrected DNI values, reducing the deviation between calculated and measured energy yield to below 1%.
PROGRESS IN PHOTOVOLTAICS
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Minasadat Heydarian, Christoph Messmer, Alexander J. Bett, Maryamsadat Heydarian, David Chojniak, Öezde S. Kabakli, Leonard Tutsch, Martin Bivour, Gerald Siefer, Martin C. Schubert, Jan Christoph Goldschmidt, Martin Hermle, Stefan W. Glunz, Patricia S. C. Schulze
Summary: Research has found that current matching can be increased for perovskite silicon tandem solar cells by adding a perovskite silicon heterojunction bottom solar cell on top of a planar front/rear side-textured silicon heterojunction bottom solar cell. Optical simulation and planning were used to determine measures for improving the device and maximizing the tandem current density. Variations in the perovskite bandgap and thickness were investigated to achieve current matching between the two subcells. Analysis was also done on limitations such as nonradiative recombination at the perovskite's interfaces. Replacing the hole transport layer PTAA with 2PACz resulted in an increase in the overall certified power conversion efficiency.
Proceedings Paper
Energy & Fuels
Lukas Hrachowina, Yuwei Zhang, Aditya Saxena, Gerald Siefer, Enrique Barrigon, Magnus T. Borgstrom
2020 47TH IEEE PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC)
(2020)
Proceedings Paper
Energy & Fuels
Juan F. Martinez, Marc Steiner, Maike Wiesenfarth, Gerald Siefer, Stefan W. Glunz, Frank Dimroth
2020 47TH IEEE PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC)
(2020)
Proceedings Paper
Energy & Fuels
Felix Predan, Alexander Franke, Oliver Hoehn, David Lackner, Henning Helmers, Gerald Siefer, Andreas W. Bett, Frank Dimroth
2020 47TH IEEE PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC)
(2020)
Proceedings Paper
Energy & Fuels
Frank Dimroth, Ralph Mueller, Felix Predan, Gerald Siefer, Patrick Schygulla, Jan Benick, Oliver Hoehn, Martin Hermle, David Lackner, Paul Beutel, Hubert Hauser, Stefan Glunz
2020 47TH IEEE PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC)
(2020)
Proceedings Paper
Energy & Fuels
S. Kasimir Reichmuth, Gerald Siefer, Michael Schachtner, Matthias Muehleis, Jochen Hohl-Ebinger, Stefan W. Glunz
2019 IEEE 46TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC)
(2019)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Aerospace
Gerald Siefer, Paul Beutel, David Lackner, Eduard Oliva, Felix Predan, Michael Schachtner, Frank Dimroth, Olivier Ledoux, Eric Guiot
2019 EUROPEAN SPACE POWER CONFERENCE (ESPC)
(2019)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Aerospace
Gerald Siefer, Elvira Fehrenbacher, Michael Schachtner, Alexander Wekkeli
2019 EUROPEAN SPACE POWER CONFERENCE (ESPC)
(2019)
