Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Tongjun Niu, Sreekar Rayaprolu, Zhongxia Shang, Tianyi Sun, Cuncai Fan, Yifan Zhang, Chao Shen, Md Nasim, Wei-ying Chen, Meimei Li, Yexiang Xue, Haiyan Wang, Anter El-Azab, Xinghang Zhang
Summary: Understanding the response of nanovoids to irradiation damage is crucial for designing radiation tolerant materials. Recent in situ studies have shown that hexagon-shaped nanovoids in (110) textured Cu shrink. However, the behavior of voids with irregular geometries under irradiation is less understood. In this study, in situ Kr ion irradiation was performed on single-crystal Cu (112) with high aspect ratio nanovoids. The results reveal that elongated voids fragment into smaller voids and gradually shrink with increasing dose. Post irradiation analysis also reveals the formation of high-density defect clusters.
MATERIALS TODAY COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shiteng Zhao, Ruopeng Zhang, Qin Yu, Jon Ell, Robert O. Ritchie, Andrew M. Minor
Summary: Nanostructured metals are usually strong due to high internal boundary density, limiting dislocation mean free path, but also more brittle. Nanotwinned materials can overcome this trade-off. A new nanostructuring method enhances the strength and ductility of titanium.
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
V Dormenev, K-T Brinkmann, A. Borisevich, D. Kazlou, M. Korzhik, M. Moritz, R. W. Novotny, P. Orsich, Ia Gerasymov, S. Tkachenko, P. Arhipov, O. Sidletskiy, H-G Zaunick
Summary: The scintillation properties and radiation hardness of undoped and Ce doped YAG crystals grown from tungsten crucibles in the Ar + CO atmosphere and annealed under different conditions were evaluated. The crystals obtained under these conditions exhibited high scintillation yield, short scintillation kinetics with a major component of around 60 ns, and high radiation resistance when irradiated with gamma-quanta and high energy protons. The results provide the opportunity to produce high-temperature garnet crystals using iridium-free technology, paving the way for mass production at an affordable price.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Suyun He, Binbin Jiang, Chunyang Wang, Chunjin Chen, Huichao Duan, Shuai Jin, Hengqiang Ye, Lei Lu, Kui Du
Summary: The development of bulk metals with large reversible strain is important for flexible electronic devices. Nanometer-scale twins in bulk metals have shown high strength, good ductility, and promising electrical conductivity. The introduction of thin twin lamellae in nanotwinned metals leads to ultrahigh reversible strain by suppressing dislocation nucleation.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2021)
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zahir Muhammad, Yan Wang, Yue Zhang, Pierre Vallobra, Shouzhong Peng, Songyan Yu, Ziyu Lv, Houyi Cheng, Weisheng Zhao
Summary: This article reviews the development and fabrication processes of radiation-hardened electronic devices using different wide bandgap materials. It discusses the research on fundamental wide bandgap materials and the development of electronic devices used in harsh environments. Furthermore, it highlights the challenges and future prospects of WBG-based radiation-hardened electronic devices, emphasizing their importance in commercial applications in space stations and aircraft.
ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Nikita Medvedev, Roman Voronkov, Alexander E. Volkov
Summary: The use of femtosecond lasers or swift heavy ion beams allows the production of energy densities in samples that reach collective electronic excitation levels of the warm dense matter state. This leads to the alteration of interatomic potentials and the formation of nonequilibrium states of matter and different chemistry. Using density functional theory and tight binding molecular dynamics formalisms, we studied the response of bulk water to ultrafast excitation of its electrons, observing electronic conductivity and nonthermal acceleration of ions at high doses.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Takeshi Miyazawa, Yuta Kikuchi, Masami Ando, Ju-Hyeon Yu, Kiyohiro Yabuuchi, Takashi Nozawa, Hiroyasu Tanigawa, Shuhei Nogami, Akira Hasegawa
Summary: This study explores the effects of alloying elements (Re and Ta) on the microstructural evolution of recrystallized tungsten (W) under proton and self-ion irradiations. It is found that the addition of Re and Ta suppresses the formation of voids in W. The presence of Re inhibits the mobility of small dislocation loops and SIA clusters, while Ta inhibits the mobility of SIA clusters. In self-ion irradiation, solute Re suppresses the raft formation and void formation. The main reason for the irradiation hardening of W-3%Re is the presence of voids and dislocation loops.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Matteo Ferrari, Dominika Senajova, Keith Kershaw, Antonio Perillo Marcone, Marco Calviani
Summary: CERN is developing methodologies to select radiation tolerant commercial lubricants for critical Beam Intercepting Devices operating in high-radiation areas, in order to reduce failure risks, optimize equipment lifetime, and minimize maintenance and radiation exposure of personnel.
NUCLEAR MATERIALS AND ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Physics, Applied
Zenghua Cai, Yuning Wu, Shiyou Chen
Summary: First-principles calculations show significant knock-on atomic displacement damage in the organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite CH3NH3PbI3, with displacement of H, C, N, and I atoms dependent on incident energy. High-energy irradiation can cause simultaneous loss of CH3NH3 and I due to knock-on displacements, which may impact experimental conclusions.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
O. El Atwani, H. T. Vo, M. A. Tunes, C. Lee, A. Alvarado, N. Krienke, J. D. Poplawsky, A. A. Kohnert, J. Gigax, W. -Y Chen, M. Li, Y. Q. Wang, J. S. Wrobel, D. Nguyen-Manh, J. K. S. Baldwin, O. U. Tukac, E. Aydogan, S. Fensin, E. Martinez
Summary: The authors develop an irradiation resistant, thermally stable, and strong refractory high entropy alloy (RHEA) for nuclear application through a combination of simulation and experiments. This research is of great significance in the quest for new materials that can withstand severe irradiation and mechanical extremes for advanced applications.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yi Li, Guangfu Wu, Gyuho Song, Shao-Hao Lu, Zizheng Wang, He Sun, Yi Zhang, Xueju Wang
Summary: This paper introduces a soft, pressure-tolerant, and flexible electronic sensor that can operate under high hydrostatic pressure and salinity environments without the need for pressure chambers. The sensors show excellent performance in resistive temperature and conductivity measurements, with negligible effect from pressure. Encapsulated with a developed soft oil-infused elastomer, the sensor demonstrates long-term stability in a high salinity water environment.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Wufan Chen, Panpan Wan, Qingkun Zhao, Haofei Zhou
Summary: The study found that Gradient nanotwinned (GNT) metals demonstrate extra strengthening and work hardening behaviors with impressive potentials in engineering applications. A constitutive model elucidating the extra strengthening effect is currently lacking, therefore, a theoretical framework was proposed to describe the mechanical response of GNT metals, aiding in guiding the structural design of gradient metallic materials.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Dauren B. Kadyrzhanov, Artem L. Kozlovskiy, Maxim Zdorovets, Ainagul A. Khametova, Dmitriy Shlimas
Summary: In this study, the effect of heavy Kr15+ and Xe22+ ion irradiation on the structural and strength properties of WO3 microparticles was investigated. It was found that the increase in irradiation fluence led to changes in crystal lattice deformation and anisotropic distortion, with heavy Kr15+ ions causing the most pronounced effect. The change in ion type during irradiation resulted in an increase in swelling value and a decrease in near-surface layer hardness. The obtained results can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of refractory oxide materials in creating inert matrices for nuclear fuel.
Article
Plant Sciences
Rind Balech, Fouad Maalouf, Somanagouda B. Patil, Karthika Rajendran, Lynn Abou Khater, Diego Rubiales, Shiv Kumar
Summary: Assessing the adaptability and stability of herbicide-tolerant lentil accessions in multi-environment trials is crucial for improving breeding programs. This study investigated the adaptability and stability of 42 herbicide-tolerant lentil accessions using five stability parameters in eight different environments. Genotype-Environment interaction was significant for flowering and maturity time, as well as seed yield. Different stability parameters ranked the accessions differently, highlighting the importance of using a combination of parameters for evaluation. GGE biplot analysis showed that certain accessions were specifically adapted to certain environments and should be included in breeding programs to develop herbicide-tolerant cultivars.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Qiongjiali Fang, Frederic Sansoz
Summary: This study investigates the effects of grain boundary (GB) strain accommodation on plastic deformation in columnar-grained nanocrystalline nanotwinned (nt) face-centered cubic metals. The research findings show that CTB strengthening effects are increasingly more pronounced in columnar-grained nt metals as their shear modulus increases.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Arash Soltani-Tehrani, John P. Isaac, Hareesh Tippur, Daniel F. Silva, Shuai Shao, Nima Shamsaei
Summary: This study investigated the effects of powder reuse and location dependency on the mechanical properties of laser powder bed fused Ti-6Al-4V Grade 5 parts. The results showed that reusing the powder improved powder flowability and packing state, but increased oxygen content. Powder reuse increased tensile strength and critical energy release rate under high strain-rate loading, but specimens in downstream locations suffered from spattering, resulting in lower fatigue performance and tensile ductility.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FATIGUE
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
M. Nasim, Sreekar Rayaprolu, T. Niu, C. Fan, Z. Shang, Jin Li, H. Wang, A. El-Azab, Y. Xue, X. Zhang
Summary: Void formation is an important aspect in the irradiation response of metals. In situ transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the evolution of voids during irradiation. By combining a convolutional neural network with greedy matching, a data-driven approach was utilized to detect and track nanovoid evolutions and migrations, revealing surprising phenomena of void size fluctuation and shrinkage in irradiated Cu with pre-existing nanovoids. Phase-field simulations provided insights into the fundamental mechanism behind the observed void size fluctuation phenomenon.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
N. A. Richter, Y. F. Zhang, M. Gong, T. Niu, B. Yang, S. Xue, J. Wang, H. Wang, X. Zhang
Summary: This study presents a solute synergy strategy to stabilize the microstructures and improve thermal stability in high strength nanotwinned (NT) Al-Co-Zr alloys. Zr solute additions promote microstructural and mechanical stability up to 400 degrees C. In-situ microcompression tests demonstrate high strengths and deformability in these ternary NT alloys. Density functional theory calculations provide insight into the interplay between Co and Zr solute and their role in stabilizing incoherent twin boundaries. This work offers a strategy for enhancing both strength and thermal stability of nanocrystalline materials through synergistic solute pairs.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Zihao He, Zhimin Qi, Bo Yang, Ping Lu, Jianan Shen, Neil R. Dilley, Xinghang Zhang, Haiyan Wang
Summary: By electrochemically intercalating foreign ions (e.g., Li ions) into VO2 films, the transition temperature (Tc) of VO2 can be effectively tuned from 326.7 to 340.8 K, providing a new approach for room-temperature device applications.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Bingqiang Wei, Wenqian Wu, Jian Wang
Summary: Ni-SiOC nanocomposites maintain crystal-amorphous dual-phase nanostructures after high-temperature annealing at different temperatures. Both crystal Ni and amorphous SiOC maintain stability under He irradiation. The amorphous SiOC ceramic is immune to He irradiation damage, contributing to the He irradiation resistance of Ni alloy.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Amanda L. L. Coughlin, Zhiliang Pan, Jeonghoon Hong, Tongxie Zhang, Xun Zhan, Wenqian Wu, Dongyue Xie, Tian Tong, Thomas Ruch, Jean J. J. Heremans, Jiming Bao, Herbert A. A. Fertig, Jian Wang, Jeongwoo Kim, Hanyu Zhu, Deyu Li, Shixiong Zhang
Summary: Enhancement of electron correlation in a topological metal, iridium dioxide, is demonstrated through vanadium doping. The increase in electron correlation is supported by Raman intensity decrease and increased electrical resistivity. The doping also leads to a significant reduction in lattice thermal conductivity. Density functional theory calculations suggest that the reduction in thermal conductivity is due to complex phonon dispersion and reduced energy gap between phonon branches.
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Haifei Lu, Weiwei Deng, Kaiyu Luo, Yuhua Chen, Jian Wang, Jinzhong Lu
Summary: An innovative hybrid additive manufacturing (HAM) technology combining laser shock peening without coating (LSPwC) and laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) has been proposed to tailor the microstructure of additively manufactured Ti6Al4V titanium alloys. The experimental results demonstrated that the martensitic laths in the LSPwC-treated region changed to equiaxed ultrafine grains under alternating mechanical and thermal effects. Consequently, compared with the LPBF specimen, the HAM specimen indicated a high ultimate tensile strength of -1303 MPa and an excellent elongation of -12.7 %.
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Quan Li, Mingyu Gong, Jiancheng Jiang, Yiwen Chen, Houyu Ma, Yujuan Wu, Yongxiang Hu, Yue Liu, Guisen Liu, Jian Wang, Xiaoqin Zeng
Summary: We quantitatively measured the twinning shear of three twinning modes at an atomic level, allowing us to determine the character of elementary twinning dislocation. These findings not only clarify the twinning mechanisms but also provide a method to determine other complex shear mechanisms at an atomic level.
Article
Mechanics
Shuai Shao, Arun Poudel, Nima Shamsaei
Summary: This study assumed that the stress-life behaviors of defect-laden materials converge at a certain low life cycle and tried to estimate fatigue life by applying knock-down factors to the endurance limit of a reference stress-life data. Linear elastic finite element analysis was conducted on small cracks initiated from defects to evaluate the influence of defect size, aspect ratio, and location on the endurance limit. For internal defects, both size and shape have significant effects, while for surface defects, size and depth play more important roles. These findings were validated using fatigue lives of the laser powder bed fused Ti-6Al-4V specimens.
ENGINEERING FRACTURE MECHANICS
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Erfan Maleki, Sara Bagherifard, Okan Unal, Shuai Shao, Nima Shamsaei, Mario Guagliano
Summary: Post-processing methods are often necessary to reduce issues associated with internal and external anomalies in additively manufactured products. Choosing the right post-treatment and corresponding parameters is challenging and requires consideration of material type, geometry, size, and cost. This study investigated the efficacy of four pure impact-based mechanical operations on fatigue behavior, and found that ultrasonic nanocrystal surface modification (UNSM) had a considerable improvement on fatigue performance at a reasonable cost.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Naiqi Chen, Kunming Yang, Ziyang Wang, Boan Zhong, Jingjing Wang, Jian Song, Quan Li, Jiamiao Ni, Fangyuan Sun, Yue Liu, Tongxiang Fan
Summary: In this study, the time-domain thermoreflectance (TDTR) technique is used to investigate the interrelationship between interfacial bonding and interface characteristics. The results show that interfacial phonon transmission capability plays a decisive role in influencing interfacial heat transport, especially for scenarios with a large mismatch of phonon density of states (PDOS). This research is important for understanding the relationship between interfacial bonding and interface characteristics.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jian Song, Mingyu Gong, Meng-fu Tsai, Youcao Ma, Houyu Ma, Yue Liu, Ying-hao Chu, Rong Huang, Jun Ouyang, Jian Wang, Tongxiang Fan
Summary: By using atomistic simulation and microscopy characterization, a pseudo-ferroelectric domain with similar morphology to a ferroelectric domain but with the same defect character as a ferroelastic domain-wall, i.e., a semi-coherent (100)(matrix)||(100)(domain) interface, is identified. Pseudo-ferroelectric domain walls play a critical role in the migration kinetics of ferroelastic domains and the piezoelectric responses of ferroelectric thin films during cyclic mechanical/electrical loading.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Yucong Gu, Jonathan Cappola, Jian Wang, Lin Li
Summary: This study investigates the yielding behavior of heterogeneous metallic glasses (MGs) by varying the spatial correlation and standard deviation of local shear moduli associated with clustering atoms on the nanoscale. Through computations and observations, the study proposes a Hall-Petch-like relationship where the yield stress of MGs scales inversely with the square root of the spatial correlation length. The results provide insights into the structure-property relationship of MGs and have important implications for the design of nanoscale MGs with tunable properties.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLASTICITY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Benjamin Thomas Stegman, Jack Lopez, William Jarosinski, Haiyan Wang, Xinghang Zhang
Summary: Currently, metallic powders for laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) are primarily available in two size distributions: 15+/45- for non-reactive powders and 15+/63- for reactive powders. However, due to the Gaussian distribution, only a small portion of the powder is used for LPBF, resulting in increased processing costs. A study on 718 alloys with a bimodal size distribution showed that it had minimal differences in density and mechanical behavior compared to conventional 718. The study suggests that particles with wider or bimodal size distributions can produce high-quality products without sacrificing mechanical properties.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Yu Wang, Boan Zhong, Jiamiao Ni, Jian Song, Yong Huang, Songsong Yao, Yue Liu, Tongxiang Fan
Summary: The demand for Cu with ultra-high conductivity is increasing, but traditional approaches have limited effectiveness. In this study, a nitrogen-doped graphene/Cu foil was synthesized, leading to a remarkable 14% improvement in electrical conductivity compared to annealed Cu. Dual doping of copper-electrons and nitrogen significantly increased carrier concentration, enhancing surface charge potential differences.
SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
(2024)