Article
Neurosciences
Eva Gjorgieva, Benjamin R. Geib, Roberto Cabeza, Marty G. Woldorff
Summary: This study used EEG to investigate the role of attention in the formation and encoding of self-generated mental images. The results revealed that directing attention internally to form mental images led to changes in brain activity, and that low-vividness images required longer internally-directed attention. Furthermore, remembering low-vividness images involved additional conceptual processing.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nicole M. Long
Summary: Large-scale brain states or distributed patterns of brain activity have an impact on downstream processing and behavior. Sustained attention and memory retrieval states affect subsequent memory, but the relationship between these states is unclear. This study provides evidence supporting the hypothesis that internal attention is a central process of the retrieval state.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Gui Xue
Summary: In recent years, neural research on memory has shifted from remembering to reconstruction, revealing the transformative nature of memory during encoding, maintenance, consolidation, and retrieval processes. These transformations play a crucial role in supporting long-term retention and generalization of memory.
PROGRESS IN NEUROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Anatomy & Morphology
Jianghao Liu, Alfredo Spagna, Paolo Bartolomeo
Summary: This study reviewed evidence of hemispheric laterality of visual mental imagery, finding that both frontoparietal networks in both hemispheres and left inferior temporal lobe are associated with visual mental imagery. Different lateralization patterns were observed when endogenously generated images are compared to those induced by exogenous stimulation, indicating a crucial participation of high-level visual regions in the temporal lobes in visual mental imagery.
BRAIN STRUCTURE & FUNCTION
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Baorui Wang, Yifan Zhang, Yan Feng, Bobo Xie, Shaohui Mei
Summary: To address the limitation of spatial resolution in hyperspectral imagery (HSI), an attention-enhanced generative adversarial network (AEGAN) is proposed for HSI spatial super-resolution. The AEGAN utilizes an enhanced spatial attention module (ESAM) and a refined spectral attention module (RSAM) to improve the performance of the generator. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed AEGAN method outperforms other methods in spatial super-resolution of HSI.
Article
Psychology, Biological
Dejan Draschkow, Anna C. Nobre, Freek van Ede
Summary: This study reveals, using virtual reality, that multiple spatial frames are used to maintain and select visual information in working memory following self-movement.
NATURE HUMAN BEHAVIOUR
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Youngsun T. Cho, Flora Moujaes, Charles H. Schleifer, Martina Starc, Jie Lisa Ji, Nicole Santamauro, Brendan Adkinson, Antonija Kolobaric, Morgan Flynn, John H. Krystal, John D. Murray, Grega Repovs, Alan Anticevic
Summary: This study investigated how reward and loss impact spatial working memory precision and neural circuits in human subjects. The results showed that both reward and loss improved spatial working memory precision, with specific regions like precentral sulcus and intraparietal sulcus having increased BOLD signal related to better working memory precision. Conversely, areas straddling executive networks displayed decreased BOLD signal during incentivized working memory.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Benjamin Pitt, Stephen Ferrigno, Jessica F. Cantlon, Daniel Casasanto, Edward Gibson, Steven T. Piantadosi
Summary: The study found that adults in the indigenous Tsimane' population did not show a directional bias when spatially arranging numbers, size, and time stimuli, challenging the belief in an innate left-to-right mapping of numbers. The different mappings found in industrialized cultures may originate from direction-agnostic mappings reflecting the correlational structure of the natural world.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Xinjing Song, Di Wang, Chai Quek, Ah-Hwee Tan, Yanjiang Wang
Summary: This paper proposes a cognitive model called STEM-ADL, which encodes event sequences to predict the type and starting time of daily self-care activities. Experimental results demonstrate that STEM-ADL outperforms other models and is suitable for real-life healthcare applications.
COMPLEX & INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mikael Lundqvist, Scott L. Brincat, Jonas Rose, Melissa R. Warden, Timothy J. Buschman, Earl K. Miller, Pawel Herman
Summary: Working memory is achieved through interactions between beta and gamma oscillations, which allow the spatial flow of item-specific activity across the network. This spatial flow is independent of the detailed recurrent connectivity supporting the item-specific activity, and control-related information is stored in the spatial activity. Analysis of local field potentials and neuronal spiking confirms these predictions. Spatial computing can facilitate generalization and zero-shot learning by utilizing spatial component as an additional information encoding dimension.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Nikola Andonovski
Summary: This paper presents a modeling account of episodic representation, arguing that the episodic system constructs mental models that preserve the spatiotemporal structure of represented domains. These mental event models can be used in various cognitive contexts and facilitate reasoning about the represented events.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Nana Feng, Lena Palaniyappan, Trevor W. Robbins, Luolong Cao, Shuanfeng Fang, Xingwei Luo, Xiang Wang, Qiang Luo
Summary: Impaired working memory (WM) is a core dysfunction in schizophrenia, characterized by deficits in both attention and WM processing. Patients show linear modulation of brain activation in frontoparietal and dorsal attention networks, while controls exhibit an inverted U-shaped response pattern in the left anterior cingulate cortex. These modulation effects are associated with gene expressions related to the dopamine neurotransmitter system.
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Stefanie Klatt, Nicholas J. Smeeton
Summary: The study found that working memory capacity plays an important role in selective visual attention, with individuals having higher capacity performing better in the task. Additionally, visual stimuli located along the same meridian were perceived more accurately compared to stimuli located along different meridians.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Yiheng Hu, Qing Yu
Summary: The study investigates the spatiotemporal dynamics of self-generated imagery using electroencephalography and functional magnetic resonance imaging. The results show overlapping neural signatures of cue-induced and self-generated imagery but with significantly different sensitivities to the two types of imagery.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Wuxia Zhang, Qinyu Zhang, Shuo Liu, Xiaoying Pan, Xiaoqiang Lu
Summary: This article introduces a deep-learning-based spatial-spectral joint attention network (SJAN) for change detection in remote sensing images. By incorporating the spatial-spectral attention mechanism, the proposed method is able to better explore key changed areas and separable bands, thereby improving the accuracy of change detection.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Heidi I. L. Jacobs, John Alex Becker, Kenneth Kwong, Diana Munera, Liliana Ramirez-Gomez, Nina Engels-Dominguez, Justin S. Sanchez, Clara Vila-Castelar, Ana Baena, Reisa A. Sperling, Keith A. Johnson, Francisco Lopera, Yakeel T. Quiroz
Summary: LC integrity is a marker of disease progression in preclinical ADAD.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Zubeyir Bayraktaroglu, Tuba Akturk, Gorsev Yener, Tom A. de Graaf, Lutfu Hanoglu, Ebru Yildirim, Duygu Hunerli Gunduz, Ilayda Kiyi, Alexander T. Sack, Claudio Babiloni, Bahar Guntekin
Summary: Parkinson's disease patients with mild cognitive impairment exhibit abnormal neurophysiological oscillatory mechanisms, primarily driven by delta frequencies, during cognitive tasks.
CLINICAL EEG AND NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Alexander J. Ehrenberg, Michael A. Kelberman, Kathy Y. Liu, Martin J. Dahl, David Weinshenker, Neus Falgas, Shubir Dutt, Mara Mather, Mareike Ludwig, Matthew J. Betts, Joseph R. Winer, Stefan Teipel, Alexandra J. Weigand, Oxana Eschenko, Dorothea Haemmerer, Marina Leiman, Scott E. Counts, James M. Shine, Ian H. Robertson, Allan I. Levey, Elisa Lancini, Gowoon Son, Chrisoph Schneider, Maxime Van Egroo, Claudio Liguori, Qin Wang, Elena M. Vazey, Federico Rodriguez-Porcel, Lena Haag, Mark W. Bondi, Sven Vanneste, Whitney M. Freeze, Yeo-Jin Yi, Mihovil Maldinov, Jennifer Gatchel, Abhijit Satpati, Claudio Babiloni, William S. Kremen, Robert Howard, Heidi I. L. Jacobs, Lea T. Grinberg
Summary: The nuclei in the neuromodulatory subcortical system (NSS) play critical roles in survival, hedonic tone, and homeostasis. Degeneration of NSS occurs early in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), even before the emergence of memory dysfunction and cortical lesions. NSS dysfunction and degeneration are associated with the behavioral and neuropsychiatric symptoms observed in early AD stages. Experimental studies suggest that NSS degeneration contributes to the neuroinflammatory status and disease progression in AD. It is important to understand the mechanisms underlying NSS vulnerability and the clinical progression of NSS changes in AD.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Elouise A. Koops, Heidi I. L. Jacobs
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Nina Engels-Dominguez, Elouise A. Koops, Prokopis C. Prokopiou, Maxime Van Egroo, Christoph Schneider, Joost M. Riphagen, Tarun Singhal, Heidi I. L. Jacobs
Summary: Primary prevention trials are now focusing on the earliest stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Autopsy data suggests that the nuclei of the neuromodulatory subcortical systems (NSS) are particularly susceptible to initial tau pathology, making them promising targets for early detection of AD in the aging brain. Recent advancements in imaging methods, such as ultra-high field scanners and new radioligands, have enabled more NSS neuroimaging studies on aging and neurodegeneration. This review highlights the findings of current imaging studies on the structure, function, and molecular changes of these nuclei and identifies challenges and future directions for improving in vivo imaging of the NSS in AD.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Marom Bikson, Ana Ganho- Avila, Abhishek Datta, Morten Goertz Joensson, Bernadette Gillick, Sungjin Kim, Jinuk Kim, Adam Kirton, Kiwon Lee, Timothy Marjenin, Balder Onarheim, Erik M. Rehn, Alexander T. Sack, Gozde Unal
Summary: The objective of the LOTES-2023 guidance is to update the previous LOTES-2017 guidance and provide a transparent framework for the design of limited output transcranial electrical stimulation devices. This updated guidance aligns with international standards and regulations and emphasizes the responsibility of manufacturers in conducting device-specific risk management within a constrained dose range. The warnings and precautions have been updated to align with current biomedical evidence and applications.
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Chris Baeken, Martijn Arns, Jerome Brunelin, Lorena Chanes, Igor Filipcic, Ana Ganho-Avila, Marco Hirnstein, Fady Rachid, Alexander T. Sack, Jacinta O'shea, Giordano D'urso, Andrea Antal
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maxime Van Egroo, Joost M. Riphagen, Nicholas J. Ashton, Shorena Janelidze, Reisa A. Sperling, Keith A. Johnson, Hyun-Sik Yang, David A. Bennett, Kaj Blennow, Oskar Hansson, Henrik Zetterberg, Heidi I. L. Jacobs
Summary: Autopsy data suggests that the locus coeruleus (LC) is one of the first areas in the brain to accumulate tau pathology. Using advanced imaging technology, researchers investigated the relationship between LC imaging measures and tau pathology, and whether this relationship can be detected in early adulthood and associated with cognitive decline. They also validated these findings using autopsy data from the Rush Memory and Aging Project (MAP). The results showed a specific correlation between plasma measures of phosphorylated tau and LC integrity, highlighting the potential of LC imaging as an early marker of AD-related processes.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Julian Dronse, Anna Ohndorf, Nils Richter, Gerard N. Bischof, Ronja Fassbender, Qumars Behfar, Hannes Gramespacher, Kim Dillen, Heidi I. L. Jacobs, Juraj Kukolja, Gereon R. Fink, Oezguer A. Onur
Summary: A study found that elevated cortisol levels are associated with memory decline in Alzheimer's disease patients, as well as hippocampal atrophy and memory impairment in healthy seniors.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Amourie Prentice, Ylka Kolken, Christina Tuttle, Joris van Neijenhof, Richard Pitch, Iris van Oostrom, Vera Kruiver, Jonathan Downar, Alexander T. Sack, Martijn Arns, Nikita van der Vinne
Article
Clinical Neurology
Prokopis C. Prokopiou, Nina Engels-Dominguez, Aaron P. Schultz, Jorge Sepulcre, Elouise A. Koops, Kathryn V. Papp, Gad A. Marshall, Marc D. Normandin, Georges El Fakhri, Dorene Rentz, Reisa A. Sperling, Keith A. Johnson, Heidi I. L. Jacobs
Summary: The study found an association between LC activity and cortical tau deposition, specifically in the medial-lateral temporal cortex, as well as with memory decline. The relationship between LC activity and memory decline was partially mediated by EC tau, particularly in individuals with elevated beta-amyloid deposition.
Article
Neurosciences
Amourie Prentice, Ana Rita Barreiros, Nikita van der Vinne, Sven Stuiver, Hanneke van Dijk, Jeroen Antonius van Waarde, Mayuresh Korgaonkar, Alexander T. Sack, Martijn Arns
Summary: This study found an association between high rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC) theta activity and treatment resistance, suggesting potential improvement in the usefulness of rACC-theta biomarker in treatment selection and prognosis.
NEUROPSYCHOBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Hannah Meijs, Helena Voetterl, Alexander T. Sack, Hanneke van Dijk, Bieke De Wilde, Jan Van Hecke, Peter Niemegeers, Evian Gordon, Jurjen J. Luykx, Martijn Arns
Summary: This study used a polygenic score (PGS) and electroencephalography (EEG) data analysis to identify potential predictors for treatment outcomes in major depressive disorder (MDD). The results suggest the existence of a stable EEG network related to antidepressant-response that has potential as a predictor for MDD treatment, particularly in the case of venlafaxine.
EUROPEAN NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Aline M. Dantas, Alexander T. Sack, Elisabeth Bruggen, Peiran Jiao, Teresa Schuhmann
Summary: This study investigated the functional relevance of frontal theta-band activity in decision-making using transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) over right or left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). The results showed that risk-taking behavior increased after left DLPFC stimulation and decreased after right DLPFC stimulation. Furthermore, stimulation intensity had an effect on behavioral responses.
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Ting Wang, Tom de Graaf, Joshua Williams, Zhihao Wang, Teresa Schuhmann, Felix Duecker, Alexander T. Sack
Summary: Spatial attention control involves specialized functions in both hemispheres of the brain, leading to hemispheric asymmetries. Neuropsychological models explain this lateralization mainly based on patient studies of hemineglect. Our meta-analysis assessed inhibitory TMS effects on PPC during visual detection tasks across ten studies (1994-2022). These results call for a re-evaluation of current theoretical models of attention and their application to novel brain stimulation-based therapeutic interventions.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2023)