Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yang Liu, Wen Guo, Si-Lu Hong
Summary: This study found that aerobic exercise can improve neuronal apoptosis and spatial memory in aging mice, and its mechanism may be related to the regulation of the DAPK1 pathway.
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Mohammad Jodeiri Farshbaf, Karina Alvina
Summary: Exercise has beneficial effects on health by decreasing the risk of neurodegenerative diseases, partly through the release of myokines from skeletal muscles. One such myokine, Irisin, contributes to metabolic processes, crosses the blood brain barrier, and has neuroprotective effects in conditions like Alzheimer's disease. Irisin is proposed as a potential essential mediator of the skeletal muscle-brain crosstalk.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Afonso Kopczynski, Randhall B. Carteri, Marcelo S. Rodolphi, Jean P. Oses, Luiz O. Portela, Cesar A. Geller, Vitoria G. de Oliveira, Marco Antonio De Bastiani, Nathan R. Strogulski, Douglas H. Smith, Luis V. Portela
Summary: Decreasing neurotrophic support and impaired mitochondrial bioenergetics are key mechanisms for long-term neurodegeneration and cognitive decline after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Preconditioning with lower and higher volumes of physical exercise upregulates the CREB-BDNF axis and bioenergetic capability, serving as neural reserves against cognitive impairment after severe TBI. LV and HV exercise increased hippocampal pCREB-CREB-proBDNF-BDNF signaling and mitochondrial coupling efficiency, excess capacity, and leak control, preserving memory fitness after severe TBI.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Helena Chaytow, Emily Carroll, David Gordon, Yu-Ting Huang, Dinja van der Hoorn, Hannah Louise Smith, Thomas Becker, Catherina Gwynne Becker, Kiterie Maud Edwige Faller, Kevin Talbot, Thomas Henry Gillingwater
Summary: The study demonstrates that modulating the activity of the glycolysis enzyme PGK1 can improve motor neuron function in models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Treatment with terazosin, which increases PGK1 activity, extends survival, improves motor phenotypes, and protects against oxidative stress-induced cell death. This research provides a new potential approach for ALS therapy.
Article
Neurosciences
Guangcong Peng, Huaping Zheng, Chunyi Wu, Chongyun Wu, Xu Ma, Jing Xiong, Jun Hou, Limei Zhang, Luodan Yang, Hongying Pan
Summary: DHED, a brain-selective prodrug of 17β-estradiol, has strong neuroprotective effects. In this study, intranasal DHED treatment was found to prevent neurobehavioral impairment caused by exhaustive swimming. Bioanalytical assays demonstrated that DHED reduced neuronal injury, improved neural survival, and prevented myelin loss, while also suppressing reactive gliosis and inflammatory cytokine release. The promising therapeutic effects of DHED on neuroprotection during exhaustive swimming may be attributed to mitochondrial dynamics, neuroinflammation, and neurotransmitter balance.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Katarzyna Glombik, Magdalena Kukla-Bartoszek, Katarzyna Curzytek, Jan Detka, Agnieszka Basta-Kaim, Boguslawa Budziszewska
Summary: Depression has a long-term negative impact on quality of life, and it is important to understand the pathophysiological changes underlying this disorder. Dysfunctional energy metabolism plays a crucial role in the onset of depression, and further research on bioenergetic alterations is needed. Synthetic glucocorticoid-dexamethasone treatment during the prenatal period leads to brain energetic changes and depressive-like behavior, including a reduction in oxidative phosphorylation, impairment of the Krebs cycle, and weakened connection with glycolysis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shiu-Min Cheng, Shin-Da Lee
Summary: This study aimed to clarify the therapeutic effects of exercise training on neural BDNF/TrkB signaling and apoptotic pathways in diabetic cerebral cortex. The results showed that exercise training could provide neuroprotective effects by enhancing the neural BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway and preventing Fas/FasL-mediated and mitochondria-initiated apoptotic pathways in the diabetic cerebral cortex.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Andrew N. Stewart, Katelyn E. McFarlane, Hemendra J. Vekaria, William M. Bailey, Stacey A. Slone, Lauren A. Tranthem, Bei Zhang, Samir P. Patel, Patrick G. Sullivan, John C. Gensel
Summary: This study found that low doses of DNP administered to older mice (14 months) after spinal cord injury improved symptoms and recovery of neurodegenerative diseases, while the same treatment in younger mice (4 months) exacerbated neurodegeneration. This suggests that mitochondrial contributions to neurodegeneration diverge with age after SCI.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Jing-yu Qi, Liu-kun Yang, Xin-shang Wang, Min Wang, Xu-bo Li, Ban Feng, Yu-mei Wu, Shui-bing Liu, Kun Zhang
Summary: Exercise not only strengthens the body but also enhances cognitive function. During exercise, skeletal muscle secretes myokine, which acts as a signaling molecule that connects exercise and brain health. Irisin, a myokine derived from FNDC5, plays a role in regulating energy metabolism and can cross the blood-brain barrier to improve learning and memory by increasing the expression of BDNF in the hippocampus. Additionally, irisin has been shown to have neuroprotective effects in various disease models, making it a potential therapeutic target for neurological diseases.
BRAIN RESEARCH BULLETIN
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Manuela Zinni, Julien Pansiot, Pierre-Louis Leger, Marina El Kamouh, Olivier Baud
Summary: Cerebral stroke, traumatic brain injury, and hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy are common brain injuries with a complex pathogenesis involving alterations of the cerebrovascular system, cell death, and inflammation. Preclinical data suggest that sildenafil may have a neuroprotective effect on both adult and neonatal brain injuries.
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Ricardo Mario Arida, Lavinia Teixeira-Machado
Summary: Exercise plays a crucial role in building cognitive resilience and protecting the brain from pathology by improving neuroplasticity and cognitive reserve. Studies have shown that regular exercise throughout life stages prepares the brain to better withstand cognitive impairment and brain diseases.
FRONTIERS IN BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Rajesh Gupta, Rizwan Khan, Constanza J. Cortes
Summary: Regular exercise is essential for maintaining healthy neurocognitive function and CNS immuno-metabolism, reducing the risk of Alzheimer's Disease and improving cognitive function in AD patients. Skeletal muscle serves as a significant secretory organ during exercise, releasing myokines that may play a role in the documented benefits of exercise in AD. However, there is limited research on the specific alterations in skeletal muscle-originating secreted factors and their potential neuroprotective effects in AD.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
David Vauzour, Catarina Rendeiro, Alfonsina D'Amato, Pierre Waffo-Teguo, Tristan Richard, Jean Michel Merillon, Matthew G. Pontifex, Emily Connell, Michael Muller, Laurie T. Butler, Claire M. Williams, Jeremy P. E. Spencer
Summary: The study shows that six weeks of supplementation with pure anthocyanins improved spatial memory and psychomotor performance in aged rats, along with changes in the expression profile of key proteins integral to synaptic function/maintenance. This suggests that purified anthocyanin consumption enhances spatial learning and motor coordination in aged animals through modulation of key synaptic proteins.
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Ana Flavia F. Ferreira, Karina Henrique Binda, Caroline Cristiano Real
Summary: Exercise has been shown to alleviate symptoms of Parkinson's disease and improve patient quality of life. However, systematic review of literature on treadmill exercise in PD animal models reveals high risk of bias and lack of study design information, which needs attention for data reproducibility.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Maria Pini, Gabor Czibik, Daigo Sawaki, Zaineb Mezdari, Laura Braud, Thais Delmont, Raquel Mercedes, Cecile Martel, Nelly Buron, Genevieve Marcelin, Annie Borgne-Sanchez, Roberta Foresti, Roberto Motterlini, Corneliu Henegar, Genevieve Derumeaux
Summary: White adipose tissue (WAT) cellular senescence increases early after initiation of high-fat diet, leading to changes in energy metabolism. Daily exercise reverses cellular senescence without weight and fat loss, reducing glycolysis and ATP production.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Sofia Benfeito, Carlos Fernandes, Daniel Chavarria, Sandra Barreiro, Fernando Cagide, Lisa Sequeira, Jose Teixeira, Renata Silva, Fernando Remiao, Paulo J. Oliveira, Eugenio Uriarte, Fernanda Borges
Summary: Although TPP+ cation is commonly used to target antioxidants to mitochondria, it has shown cytotoxicity in vitro. This study explored nitrogen-derived cationic carriers as alternative compounds to TPP. The results showed that these nitrogen-based cationic carriers were not cytotoxic and exhibited neuroprotective effects against oxidative insults.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Ana M. Lopes, Manoel Rios, Jorge Beleza, Diogo D. Carvalho, Sofia Monteiro, Tiago Montanha, Sandra Martins, Joao T. Guimaraes, Ricardo J. Fernandes, Jose Magalhaes, Vitor H. Teixeira, Antonio Ascensao
Summary: A study on 10 middle-distance runners concluded that the addition of protein to a pre-exercise carbohydrate beverage does not significantly affect running performance and metabolic biomarkers.
JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE AND PHYSICAL FITNESS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jelena Stevanovic-Silva, Jorge Beleza, Pedro Coxito, Paulo J. Oliveira, Antonio Ascensao, Jose Magalhaes
Summary: Maternal high-caloric nutrition and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) increase the risk of liver metabolic alterations in mothers and offspring. Exercise is recommended in GDM treatment. This study showed that gestational exercise protected mothers from diet-induced GDM metabolic consequences and ameliorated liver mitochondrial alterations in offspring.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Cristina Carvalho, Paula I. Moreira
Summary: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are both global epidemics with shared metabolic defects and increased risk of cognitive decline and dementia. This article provides an overview of the metabolic defects that characterize and link both diseases, with a focus on mitochondria. The potential biomarkers and therapeutic drugs targeting mitochondria are also briefly discussed.
CURRENT OPINION IN NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Judite R. M. Coimbra, Paula I. Moreira, Armanda E. Santos, Jorge A. R. Salvador
Summary: This review explores the biological functions and structures of QPCT/L enzymes, highlights their therapeutic relevance, and summarizes recent developments in the discovery of small-molecule inhibitors targeting these enzymes.
DRUG DISCOVERY TODAY
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Brigida R. Pinho, Ana I. Duarte, Paula M. Canas, Paula I. Moreira, Michael P. Murphy, Jorge M. A. Oliveira
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jose P. Castelao-Baptista, Sara A. Valente, Sara Canario, David Oppolzer, Ana Barros, Carlos Venancio, Tania Martins, Luis Antunes, Vilma A. Sardao, Eduardo Rosa, Paulo J. Oliveira
Summary: Obesity, a rising concern in the Eastern world, is often accompanied by non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Researchers are investigating potential natural interventions to reduce obesity complications. This study focuses on Brassica by-products (BBPs) as an example of edible plant waste and examines the effects of different extracts from broccoli by-products on an in vitro model of fatty acid-induced liver toxicity. The extracts showed a dose-dependent decrease in cell viability of HepG2 cells, but did not compromise mitochondrial function or lipid accumulation. They effectively reduced lipid accumulation induced by fatty acids in HepG2 cells. The extracts' ability to prevent decrease in catalase activity may explain the observed effects.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Diana Sousa, Mariana Rocha, Andreia Amaro, Marcos Divino Ferreira-Junior, Keilah Valeria Naves Cavalcante, Tamaeh Monteiro-Alfredo, Catia Barra, Daniela Rosendo-Silva, Lucas Paulo Jacinto Saavedra, Jose Magalhaes, Armando Caseiro, Paulo Cezar de Freitas Mathias, Susana P. Pereira, Paulo J. Oliveira, Rodrigo Mello Gomes, Paulo Matafome
Summary: Obesogenic environments during the perinatal period can reprogram offspring energy balance mechanisms and increase the risk of metabolic diseases in adulthood. Different obesogenic models have varying effects on metabolic parameters and energy storage pathways in offspring.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Ana Batista, Pedro Guimaraes, Joao Martins, Paula I. Moreira, Antonio Francisco Ambrosio, Miguel Castelo-Branco, Pedro Serranho, Rui Bernardes
Summary: Animal models are crucial for understanding retinal development, eye diseases, and neurodegeneration. In this study, a comprehensive normative database of retinal thickness in mice was created using OCT data. The findings revealed changes in retinal thickness over time, with different patterns among individual retinal layers. Additionally, a comparison between wild-type and Alzheimer's disease model mice showed significant differences in retinal thickness. This database will be an important reference for future studies on retinal changes and the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative and eye diseases.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Biology
Oscar F. Araneda, Cristian Rosales-Antequera, Felipe Contreras-Briceno, Marcelo Tuesta, Rafael Rossi-Serrano, Jose Magalhaes, Gines Viscor
Summary: Damage to the spinal cord affects the voluntary control of skeletal muscles and the autonomic nervous system, which in turn affects the cardiorespiratory system. Physical exercise may be a potential therapeutic strategy to improve lung functionality and control systemic and pulmonary inflammation. Specific respiratory muscular training or combined with general exercise protocols may positively contribute to the function of the respiratory system.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Luis F. Grilo, Joao D. Martins, Mariana S. Diniz, Carolina Tocantins, Chiara H. Cavallaro, Ines Baldeiras, Teresa Cunha-Oliveira, Stephen Ford, Peter W. Nathanielsz, Paulo J. Oliveira, Susana P. Pereira
Summary: Maternal obesity may significantly affect liver function and pathophysiology, increasing the risk of pregnancy-associated liver diseases and hepatic diseases. Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction may play crucial roles in this process.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Elsa T. Rodrigues, Eduarda Pereira, Paulo J. Oliveira, Miguel A. Pardal
Summary: The present study validates the potential of the in vitro H9c2(2-1) cell-based sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay to evaluate the temporal variability of wastewater quality. It also highlights the capability of this assay to discriminate influent and effluent toxic characteristics and its suitability for water quality monitoring and surveillance of treatment processes.
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Michal Boraczynski, Jose Magalhaes, Jacek J. Nowakowski, James J. Laskin
Summary: This study investigated the effects of 8-week heavy-resistance or plyometric training on neuromuscular functional performance in professional soccer players. The results showed that both training methods significantly improved speed, strength, and jumping ability. The heavy-resistance training performed better in terms of relative strength and muscle peak torque. Additionally, a significant proportion of participants showed knee muscular strength imbalance.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Aryane Cruz Oliveira Pinho, Diana Santos, Paulo J. Oliveira, Ermelindo Carreira Leal, Eugenia Carvalho
Summary: This study investigated the effects of diabetes on mitochondrial respiration in wounded and non-wounded skin using high-resolution respirometry. The results showed that the oxidative phosphorylation capacity of the wounded skin was decreased at day 3 post-wounding and increased at day 10 post-wounding in diabetic mice. The relative contribution of pyruvate, malate, and glutamate oxidation to the oxidative phosphorylation capacity was higher in wounded skin, while fatty acid oxidation contributed more to the non-wounded skin. This study provides important insights into the impact of diabetes on wound healing.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
