Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andrey Khaitin
Summary: Neurotrauma can lead to the disconnection of axons, impacting both neurons and surrounding glial cells. Calcium signaling plays a crucial role in post-axotomy events, affecting the survival or degeneration of neurons and glial cells. Future research should focus on understanding the survival mechanisms of remote glial cells from the lesion site after axotomy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Peter Alping, Joachim Burman, Jan Lycke, Thomas Frisell, Fredrik Piehl
Summary: This study compares the safety outcomes of different induction therapies for multiple sclerosis patients. It found a higher incidence of thyroid disease in patients treated with alemtuzumab and AHSCT, with a higher incidence of infection in AHSCT-treated patients compared to both alemtuzumab and noninduction therapies. The incidence of nonthyroid autoimmune disease was low for both therapies.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pasquale Picone, Domenico Nuzzo
Summary: In recent years, studies have shown that mitochondrial aberration plays a crucial role in mediating axonal degeneration in Multiple Sclerosis (MS), along with inflammation and demyelination. This has led to the recognition of mitochondria as a potential therapeutic target for MS. Mitochondrial transplantation has emerged as a new approach for treating various diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases. In this hypothesis, the authors propose mitochondrial transplantation as a new, potentially applicable strategy to counteract axonal degeneration in multiple sclerosis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Julie J. Ahn, Yusra Islam, Cheryl Clarkson-Paredes, Molly T. Karl, Robert H. Miller
Summary: Multiple sclerosis is a disease characterized by compromised blood-brain barrier and peripheral lymphocytes entering the central nervous system. Although T cells have been considered the main contributors to neuroinflammation, the success of B cell depletion therapies suggests an important role for B cells. In an animal model of MS, B cell depletion affects glial cell function and CNS vasculature.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Josefine Ruder, Gianna Dinner, Aleksandra Maceski, Ernesto Berenjeno-Correa, Antonia Maria Mueller, Ilijas Jelcic, Jens Kuhle, Roland Martin
Summary: Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (aHSCT) is an effective treatment for multiple sclerosis (MS), which normalizes pathological processes and enhances beneficial processes. Biomarker analysis of MS patients undergoing aHSCT showed that serum levels of CXCL10, NfL, and GFAP significantly increased one month after transplantation, but returned to normal after one to two years. Levels of GFAP in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) increased 24 months after aHSCT, indicating sustained astroglia activation. Other CSF markers remained relatively stable.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Robert A. Gross, Yan Yuan, Chris Keran, Janis M. Miyasaki
Summary: The study shows that aHSCT can prevent disability worsening in the majority of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and induce durable improvement in disability, especially in patients with relapsing-remitting MS. The use of the BEAM + ATG conditioning protocol is associated with a more pronounced suppression of clinical relapses and MRI inflammatory activity.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kelly M. Gillen, Mayyan Mubarak, Calvin Park, Gerald Ponath, Shun Zhang, Alexey Dimov, Maya Levine-Ritterman, Steven Toro, Weiyuan Huang, Stephanie Amici, Ulrike W. Kaunzner, Susan A. Gauthier, Mireia Guerau-de-Arellano, Yi Wang, Thanh D. Nguyen, David Pitt
Summary: This study characterized the histopathological correlates of different QSM hyperintensity patterns in MS lesions, finding that high QSM signal at the lesion perimeter is associated with activated iron(+) myeloid cells, while lesions with high punctate or homogenous QSM signal contain no or minimally activated iron(-) myeloid cells. The research suggests that a high QSM signal outlining the lesion rim is a biomarker for chronic inflammation in white matter lesions.
ANNALS OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tess Dierckx, Sam Vanherle, Mansour Haidar, Elien Grajchen, Fleur Mingneau, Pascal Gervois, Esther Wolfs, Dany Bylemans, Arnout Voet, Tien Nguyen, Ibrahim Hamad, Markus Kleinewietfeld, Jeroen F. J. Bogie, Jerome J. A. Hendriks
Summary: This study reveals the reasons for the failure of remyelination, including the overly inflammatory microenvironment and the intrinsic inability of oligodendrocyte precursor cells to differentiate. The study also shows that phloretin can significantly promote remyelination by acting on the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma to promote the maturation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Jayden A. Smith, Alexandra M. Nicaise, Rosana-Bristena Ionescu, Regan Hamel, Luca Peruzzotti-Jametti, Stefano Pluchino
Summary: Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system characterized by demyelination and axonal degeneration. While current treatments for progressive MS are limited, stem cell transplantation shows promise in providing neurotrophic support, immunomodulation, and cell replacement to combat chronic neuroinflammation.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
M. J. Mansilla, S. Presas-Rodriguez, A. Teniente-Serra, I. Gonzalez-Larreategui, B. Quirant-Sanchez, F. Fondelli, N. Djedovic, D. Iwaszkiewicz-Grzes, K. Chwojnicki, D. Miljkovic, P. Trzonkowski, C. Ramo-Tello, E. M. Martinez-Caceres
Summary: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a leading cause of chronic neurological disability in young to middle-aged adults, and current drug therapies are unable to halt or reverse the disease. Cell-based therapies have been proposed as a potential approach for treating MS.
CELLULAR & MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Inez Wens, Ibo Janssens, Judith Derdelinckx, Megha Meena, Barbara Willekens, Nathalie Cools
Summary: This review discusses the use of cell-based treatment options for multiple sclerosis, including hematopoietic stem cells, mesenchymal stromal cells, regulatory T cells, and other cell types less commonly used in cell therapy. While challenges exist, cell-based therapies hold promise for the future treatment of autoimmune diseases like MS.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Francesco Patti, Clara Grazia Chisari, Simona Toscano, Sebastiano Arena, Chiara Finocchiaro, Vincenzo Cimino, Giuseppe Milone
Summary: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease of the central nervous system that can lead to lifelong disability. Despite various treatment options, some patients still face severe symptoms and long-term disability risk. Recent studies have shown that autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) is a highly effective and relatively safe treatment option for highly active MS.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Ruturaj Masvekar, Jonathan Phillips, Mika Komori, Tianxia Wu, Bibiana Bielekova
Summary: Multiple sclerosis (MS)-related inflammation can be categorized into lesional and non-lesional activity, with IL12p40 and CHI3L1 identified as the best CSF biomarkers for measuring MS lesional activity. The study aims to develop a CSF-biomarker-based molecular surrogate for MS lesional activity.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Correction
Clinical Neurology
G. Boffa, L. Massacesi, M. Inglese
Summary: Despite equal numbers of women and men completing neurology residencies, the majority of AAN members are still men. Based on historical imbalance, it is estimated that women and men will be equal in number among neurologist AAN membership by 2047.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Alice Mariottini, Eleonora De Matteis, Maria Teresa Cencioni, Paolo A. A. Muraro
Summary: Autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) is increasingly recognized as a treatment option for multiple sclerosis (MS). Recent studies have confirmed the persistent anti-inflammatory effects and improvement in disease course in patients with relapsing-remitting MS. Further research is needed to determine the role of AHSCT in other forms of MS.
CURRENT NEUROLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE REPORTS
(2023)