Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Chee Yoong Chooi, Jia Huey Sim, Shiau Foon Tee, Zhi Hua Lee
Summary: The research focuses on developing a kinetic mechanism for biodiesel production catalyzed by a CaO nanocatalyst derived from waste cockle shells via thermal hydration-dehydration treatment. The transesterification reaction follows a Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetic mechanism with surface reaction as the rate-limiting step, offering a relatively low activation energy and high FAME yield. The optimal conditions for preparing the nano CaO catalyst and conducting transesterification reactions were investigated and demonstrated promising results for potential industrial applications.
Article
Thermodynamics
Kuang C. Lin, Anurag Dahiya, Hairong Tao, Fan-Hsu Kao
Summary: This study simplifies the oxidation mechanism of MIB and applies it in computational fluid dynamics, validated by mass-spectrometric data. The results show that the oxidation of MIB can generate various aromatic hydrocarbons and unsaturated hydrocarbons, providing important information for understanding the chemical reaction mechanisms in flames.
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Dylan Karis, Robert Cain, Kenneth Young, Alexander Shand, Trevor Holm, Ethan Springer
Summary: Biodiesel has been a pioneer in green fuel alternatives, and recent advancements in decarboxylation have increased interest in renewable diesel. However, traditional biodiesel producers are concerned about the disruption to the supply chain and market demand, while biodiesel also has many non-fuel applications.
BIOFUELS BIOPRODUCTS & BIOREFINING-BIOFPR
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mun Yuen Chang, Eng-Seng Chan, Cher Pin Song
Summary: A low-cost liquid lipase from genetically modified Aspergillus oryzae was used for biodiesel production, showing high tolerance and reaction efficiency in feedstocks with high FFA content, leading to a high conversion rate.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Hideo Maruyama, Keito Fukuchi, Hideshi Seki
Summary: The aim of this study is to develop a simulation model for the fractionation of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) using urea complexation. The different complexation behaviors of SFAME, MFAME, and PFAME were observed, and a fractionation model was proposed to explain the observed phenomena.
BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mariana Albarello, Ana Luiza Barrachini Nunes, Liara Jalime Vernier, Fernanda de Castilhos
Summary: The present study aimed at investigating the interesterification reaction for the production of FAME from DSO in pressurized MeA catalyzed by NbOPO4. Important factors such as temperature, catalyst content, and DSO:MeA molar ratio were studied and optimized. An FAME yield of 87.48% was obtained by using 345°C, 8 wt% catalyst, and an MR of 1:35 in 60 min of reaction. The catalyst showed activity and a decrease in activity was observed in the reuse test.
BIOENERGY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ke Li, Jie Chen, Xiao-an Nie
Summary: The study shows that glycerol in pre-esterification of waste oil can reduce the acid value to a lower level in one step, and the optimized process conditions obtained through orthogonal experiment can achieve high conversion rate and good environmental protection, making it easier to realize the continuous synthesis of biodiesel from waste oil with high acid.
Article
Materials Science, Paper & Wood
Liwen Pang, Shanshan Lv, Kaiquan Li, Lijun Ding, Yinan Hao
Summary: In this study, biodiesel was produced from Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge oil and methanol through transesterification with NaOH as the catalyst. The central composite design (CCD) was used to optimize the process, and Design Expert software was employed for regression analysis. The optimal conditions were determined as follows: NaOH concentration of 0.9%, molar ratio of methanol to oil of 7:1, and reaction temperature of 62 degrees C. Under these conditions, the yield of biodiesel reached 89.0%. Qualitative and quantitative analysis using gas chromatography was conducted to determine the composition of Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge oil-based biodiesel.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Pantea Moradi, Majid Saidi, Ali Taheri Najafabadi
Summary: This study evaluated the efficiency of producing biodiesel from biomass containing free fatty acids using the electrolysis method, investigating the impact of various operating parameters on the yield. The results showed that electrolysis could achieve a high biodiesel production yield under specific conditions.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Hideo Maruyama, Akito Furukawa, Hideshi Seki
Summary: The purpose of this study is to utilize squid liver as a raw material for biodiesel production. The extracted fatty acids from squid liver are esterified with methyl alcohol to obtain squid liver fatty acid methyl ester (SFAME). The recovery of SFAME from the esterification product through adsorption was investigated, with a focus on the effect of solvents and their influence on the adsorption behavior.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Diogo K. Nakai, Jose A. A. Ribeiro, Pedro A. Martins, Itania P. Soares, Thais F. C. Salum, Patricia P. K. G. Costa
Summary: The fast method developed based on RP-UHPLC-ELSD allows for monitoring of intermediates and end products of biodiesel production with a 17-minute run time, providing similar results to the GC-FID method.
JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Raul Robles-Iglesias, Maria C. Veiga, Christian Kennes
Summary: Acetobacterium woodii is capable of producing high concentrations of acetic acid from CO2, and Rhodosporidium toruloides can efficiently accumulate lipids in its medium. The yeast maintains a constant growth rate and substrate consumption rate at lower acetic acid concentrations.
JOURNAL OF CO2 UTILIZATION
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Miquele L. Padula, Arthur S. Romero, Dachamir Hotza, Murilo D. M. Innocentini, Maria E. G. Pinto, Augusto S. Pedrini, Evertan Rebelatto, Luiz Fernando B. Ribeiro, Guilherme Zin, J. Vladimir Oliveira, Marco Di Luccio
Summary: This study investigated the efficiency of microfiltration with a polymeric membrane for the dehydration of fatty acid ester mixtures. The modified membrane showed improved performance with higher fluxes and enhanced dehydration compared to the unmodified control membrane.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Jun Mann Loh, Amelia, Wail Gourich, Chien Lye Chew, Cher Pin Song, Eng-Seng Chan
Summary: This study demonstrated an economical and sustainable enzymatic process for converting sludge palm oil into high-quality biodiesel using a low-cost liquid lipase. The results showed that a high ester content of approximately 94 wt% crude biodiesel could be produced under low-input process conditions with a low enzyme concentration and methanol-to-oil molar ratio at a low operating temperature.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Xiaohong Hao, Hang Suo, Guanhua Zhang, Peixing Xu, Xin Gao, Su Du
Summary: This paper investigated the enzymatic production of FAEE from waste oil and ethanol under different conditions. The results showed that the conversion rate of FAEE was significantly improved under the ultrasound-assisted DES system, with synergistic effects of ultrasonic power and reaction temperature.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Moonhyun Lee, Jih-Sheng Lai
Summary: This brief introduces a unified voltage balancing feedforward method for a three-level boost power-factor-correction circuit, which can be used in discontinuous and critical conduction modes to achieve a low-cost system and address voltage imbalances.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS II-EXPRESS BRIEFS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Anh Dung Nguyen, Shu-Xin Chen, Yang Chen, Cheng-Wei Chen, Byeongcheol Han, Jih-Sheng Lai
Summary: This paper proposes a 1-kW DC-DC buck converter with a four-phase interleaved matrix inductor for battery charging applications. The adoption of matrix inductor design reduces inductor volume and effectively lowers the impact of DC bias through flux sharing and cancellation, leading to decreased inductor core loss. Interleaved operations result in lower output current ripple, making it suitable for battery charging applications, with a peak efficiency of 99.2% achieved in experimental results.
IET POWER ELECTRONICS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Dharmendra Yadeo, Pradyumn Chaturvedi, Jih-Sheng (Jason) Lai, H. M. Suryawanshi, Sai Krishna Saketi
Summary: This paper proposed a new T-type dual-active bridge with symmetrical configuration, having five degrees of freedom. It not only improves its ability to regulate power flow, but also reduces across switches due to increase in voltage levels, and has lesser current stress. The proposed converter's performance has been verified via simulation and experimental results.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRONICS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Moonhyun Lee, Jih-Sheng Lai
Summary: This letter proposes a downward spread-spectrum frequency modulation (SSFM) and a novel adaptive three-level current (ATC) scheme for boosting PFC converters to reduce EMI and improve efficiency, at the cost of increased output-voltage ripple.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Moonhyun Lee, Chih-Shen Yeh, Jih-Sheng Lai
Summary: This article introduces a hybrid binary cascaded multilevel inverter with a front-end high-frequency-link converter, aiming to reduce system size and cost while preserving key features. By removing one converter and implementing a new FCV control strategy, the system gains advantages in voltage gain, isolation capability, reactive power supply, and control simplicity compared to existing inverter topologies with FCV control methods.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Abualkasim Bakeer, Andrii Chub, Andrei Blinov, Jih-Sheng Lai
Summary: This paper presents a galvanically isolated dc-dc converter based on the SRC topology and a novel boost rectifier, suitable for distributed generation applications with wide variations of input voltage and power. The proposed converter requires only two diodes and one switch to boost voltage, making it simpler than existing solutions. The converter achieved a maximum efficiency of 96.8% at nominal input voltage and has a wider input voltage regulation range compared to designs with an ac-switch boosting cell.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Sheng-Lun Lin, Jhong-Lin Wu, Kuang C. Lin, Han Wu, Zhefeng Guo, Chun-Wei Tu
Summary: This study integrated flameless oxidation (FO) and in-chamber melting (ICM) processes in a laboratory waste incinerator to improve energy efficiency and reduce emissions. The twin-cyclonic fluid field created by two liquid burners allowed FO and ICM to take place in the same chamber, optimizing combustion and drying processes. Computational fluid dynamic simulation supported the fluid field assumption, and advanced scrubbers were employed to further reduce emissions and corrosion rates.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Tao-Qian Tang, Sheng-Yen Hsu, Anurag Dahiya, Chang Hwei Soh, Kuang C. Lin
Summary: This study utilizes a computational fluid dynamics model to investigate the influence of pulsatile blood flow on oxygen transport, finding both positive and negative effects on oxygen partial pressure at different blood flow rates. Oxygen saturation is minimally affected by the pulsatile flow conditions studied. Additionally, the study shows an increase in oxygen volume flow rate at high blood flow rates operated with low frequency and high amplitude, and explains that divergent outcomes reported in previous in vitro experimental studies could be due to different blood flow rates adopted.
COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Moonhyun Lee, Jih-Sheng Lai
Summary: DCM and CRM have been commonly used in low-power boost PFC control, but they may suffer from high peak current and variable frequency. This article introduces a hybrid conduction mode (HCM) control using TLB to achieve fixed-frequency operation with lower peak current stress and switching losses. Experimental results confirm that the proposed HCM control can significantly improve efficiency and reduce stress in wide input voltage and load ranges.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Byeongcheol Han, Seung-Won Jo, Nam-Gyeong Kim, Jih-Sheng Lai, Minsung Kim
Summary: This article introduces a bridgeless hybrid-mode Zeta inverter for distributed energy systems, which reduces the number of active power components and improves output power transfer and reliability. To address the control challenges caused by different system dynamics in discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) and continuous conduction mode (CCM), a combination of feedback controller, feedforward controller, and repetitive controller with a phase-lead compensator is proposed. Experimental results using a 300-W prototype demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed modeling and control approach.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Seunghoon Baek, Younghoon Cho, Jih-Sheng Lai
Summary: This article proposes an average periodic delay-based repetitive controller for power factor correction converters, which can maintain harmonic compensation performance under grid frequency variations. Control variables are updated based on grid voltage phase to reflect grid frequency deviations, without the need for complicated software modifications.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Kuang C. Lin, Chuan-Chieh Liao
Summary: This study predicts and analyzes dilute particulate flow problems in pneumatic conveying coating diffusers using a numerical simulation approach. The research focuses on the influence of diffuser divergence angle on particle deposition. Results show that the particulate flow fields can be categorized into oblique flow, transitional flow, and straight flow, with oblique flow being identified as the main cause of particle accumulation.
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Kuang C. Lin, Anurag Dahiya, Hairong Tao, Fan-Hsu Kao
Summary: This study simplifies the oxidation mechanism of MIB and applies it in computational fluid dynamics, validated by mass-spectrometric data. The results show that the oxidation of MIB can generate various aromatic hydrocarbons and unsaturated hydrocarbons, providing important information for understanding the chemical reaction mechanisms in flames.
Article
Thermodynamics
Chuan-Chieh Liao, Kuang C. Lin
Summary: This study investigates the influence of magnetic field on the heat transfer performance of aluminum oxide nanofluids in natural convection. It is found that the addition of nanoparticles can lead to two different heat transfer patterns, which are determined by the critical Hartmann number and the combination of magnetic intensity and buoyancy-induced flow.
NUMERICAL HEAT TRANSFER PART A-APPLICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Jia-Huan Li, Tsung-Hsien Yu, Kuang C. Lin
Summary: This computational study aims to develop a computer model for predicting and analyzing the experimental screen collection efficiency of wire-mesh filters for microparticles. The study utilizes a simplified 2-D model with the hybrid lattice-Boltzmann Lagrangian method and proposes a new formula for screen collection efficiency. Detailed analysis of particle deposition pattern, transport behavior, and individual forces acting on particles is provided.
AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Thermodynamics
Hafiz Muhammad Ali, Tauseef-ur Rehman, Muesluem Arici, Zafar Said, Benjamin Durakovic, Hayder I. Mohammed, Rajan Kumar, Manish K. Rathod, Ozge Buyukdagli, Mohamed Teggar
Summary: Thermal energy storage is becoming increasingly important due to the challenges posed by intermittent renewable energy and waste heat dissipation. This paper discusses the fundamentals and novel applications of thermal energy storage materials and presents a multi-criteria decision making approach to select suitable materials. Recent advancements include materials with enhanced thermal conductivity and multiple phase change temperatures, as well as the application of nanomaterials and shape-stabilized materials in thermal energy storage.
PROGRESS IN ENERGY AND COMBUSTION SCIENCE
(2024)
Review
Thermodynamics
Xuesong Li, Shangning Wang, Shangze Yang, Shuyi Qiu, Zhe Sun, David L. S. Hung, Min Xu
Summary: This review article summarizes recent advances in flash boiling atomization using experimental approaches. It discusses the gas-liquid characteristics and primary breakup of flash boiling sprays, the characteristics of flash boiling spray plumes, and practical issues in adopting flash boiling atomization. Practical applications of flash boiling atomization in combustors are also presented.
PROGRESS IN ENERGY AND COMBUSTION SCIENCE
(2024)
Review
Thermodynamics
Yusheng Zheng, Yunhong Che, Xiaosong Hu, Xin Sui, Daniel-Ioan Stroe, Remus Teodorescu
Summary: This paper provides a comprehensive review of temperature estimation techniques in battery systems, discussing potential metrics, different estimation methods, and their strengths and limitations in battery management. The challenges and future opportunities in battery thermal state monitoring are also identified and discussed.
PROGRESS IN ENERGY AND COMBUSTION SCIENCE
(2024)