Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Srikanth Sastry
Summary: Investigations indicate a strong dependence of yielding behavior of amorphous solids on the degree of annealing, with a qualitative change in the nature of yielding above a threshold annealing degree. Theoretical studies have mainly focused on uniform deformation in amorphous solids, while intriguing features of cyclic deformation remain unexplored. The study on athermal cyclic deformation introduces models that reproduce key features observed in simulations and provide an interpretation for the presence of a threshold energy.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Muhittin Mungan, Srikanth Sastry
Summary: This study explores the yielding behavior of amorphous solids under cyclic shear deformation and shows that it can be represented as a random walk in a confining potential with an absorbing boundary, providing insights into the observed features in atomistic simulations. The addition of activated escape from absorbing states yields a unique determination of threshold energy and yield strain, offering an appealing approach to understanding fatigue failure.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Anael Lemaitre, Chandana Mondal, Michael Moshe, Itamar Procaccia, Saikat Roy, Keren Screiber-Re'em
Summary: This study explores the plastic response and screened elasticity effects in amorphous solids under small external strains. The presence of plastic quadrupoles, dipoles, and monopoles is found to affect the elastic moduli, with predictions for qualitative changes at different quadrupole densities. Anomalous elasticity is shown to be richer than electrostatics due to the additional screening mode that exists.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yuxing Zhou, William Kirkpatrick, Volker L. Deringer
Summary: This study utilizes machine-learning based interatomic potential for phosphorus in large-scale molecular dynamics simulations to provide new insights into the atomic structure of amorphous phosphorus (a-P) and its changes under pressure. The obtained structural model reveals abundant five-membered rings and complex atomic clusters, demonstrating hysteresis in medium-range order recovery during compression and decompression. The analysis suggests that moderate pressure maintains connectivity of clusters, while higher pressure breaks this connectivity.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Bhanu Prasad Bhowmik, Michael Moshe, Itamar Procaccia
Summary: Recent progress in studying the physics of amorphous solids has shown that mechanical strains can be strongly screened by quadrupolar plastic events. This study provides direct measurements of the dipole field and demonstrates detailed agreement with the proposed theory. Measurements of the dipole fields can pinpoint the theory parameters that determine the profile of the displacement field.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Binquan Luan, Mark O. Robbins
Summary: Friction is pervasive in our daily lives, and the plastic deformation on solid surfaces plays a crucial role in interfacial friction. The microscopic origins of friction stem from overcoming finite energy barriers between plastically deformed atomic structures.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nathan C. Keim, Joseph D. Paulsen
Summary: When an amorphous solid is cyclically deformed, it may exhibit multiperiodic behavior which requires frustrated interactions among at least three interacting soft spots. Studying this behavior helps to illuminate this otherwise elusive type of interaction.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Prasenjit Das, Itamar Procaccia
Summary: It has been established that low frequency quasilocalized modes of amorphous solids at zero temperature exhibit universal density of states, possibly extending to finite temperatures. Research shows that well quenched model glasses at temperatures as high as T-g/3 possess the same universal density of states, as long as average particle positions stabilize before thermal diffusion destroys the cage structure of the material. The universal density of quasilocalized low frequency modes refers to vibrations around the thermally averaged configuration of the material.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Shivam Mahajan, Massimo Pica Ciamarra
Summary: The vibrational density of states of solids determines their thermal and transport properties, with differences between crystals and amorphous solids. The boson peak and phonon attenuation in amorphous materials are related, suggesting a homogeneous isotropic elastic media with quasilocalized modes. Numerical results resolve conflicts between theoretical approaches attributing vibrational anomalies in amorphous solids to elastic disorder and localized defects.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Harish Charan, Michael Moshe, Itamar Procaccia
Summary: We developed a screening theory to describe the effect of plastic events in amorphous solids on its emergent mechanics. The theory uncovered an anomalous mechanical response, similar to dislocations in crystalline solids, induced by plastic events in amorphous solids. We tested the theory against various models in two dimensions and extended it to three-dimensional amorphous solids, predicting the existence of similar anomalous mechanics. The mechanical response was interpreted as the formation of nontopological distributed dipoles that have no analog in the crystalline defects literature. The finding of dipole screening in three dimensions is surprising.
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
V. L. O. Freitas, S. S. Costa, C. J. Pacheco, B. P. Alho, P. O. Ribeiro, P. J. von Ranke, V. S. R. de Sousa, E. P. Nobrega
Summary: This study investigates the magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of amorphous alloys formed by the Gd55FexAl45-x series. A theoretical model based on Handrich's approximation is proposed to study the systems, aiming to understand the impact of Fe substitution for Al on magnetism and magnetocaloric effect. Through experimental and theoretical analysis, the physical mechanisms involved in the ferrimagnetic transitions of these amorphous alloys are explored.
JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Tan Peng, Chun-Bo Hua, Rui Chen, Zheng-Rong Liu, Hai-Ming Huang, Bin Zhou
Summary: This study investigates the density-driven higher-order topological phase transition in a two-dimensional amorphous system. It is found that the system transitions from a topological trivial phase to a higher-order topological phase characterized by a quantized quadrupole moment and the existence of topological corner states as the density of lattice sites increases. Additionally, the phase transition is size dependent and the results can be generalized to three-dimensional amorphous systems.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
K. Sudhakar, G. Plummer, G. J. Tucker, M. W. Barsoum
Summary: Kink boundaries, KBs, in metals are well defined entities that are identical to low angle grain boundaries, LAGBs, at low disregistry angles. Ripplocations, defined as atomic scale ripples, form ripplocation boundaries, RBs, when nested on adjacent planes. RBs in layered crystalline solids, LCS, have delocalized strain fields, delaminate at high curvatures, form nanobridges, and are highly strained and reversible if not trapped. The distinction between KBs and RBs is important for understanding deformation and failure.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Bing Lu, Zhenyang Xie, Min Qu, Xun Huang, Li Li, Jing Li, Wei Ding, Zidong Wei
Summary: We report the conversion of bulk Li alloying anode reactions into surface reactions by encapsulating amorphous structured SnSx active materials in carbon nanofiber anodes. The high-temperature phase transformation from SnS to SnS2 is utilized to construct the SnSx (1 < x < 2) active material with an amorphous structure, resulting in decreased Li+ diffusion path, weakened volume change ratio, but enhanced capacitance. The amorphous structure changes the Li-storage mechanism from intercalation to surface reaction, enabling rapid (de)lithiation of each active particle. As a result, SnSx@NC exhibits high-rate (dis)charge performance and long-term cycle life, achieving an excellent rate capability of 633.4 mAh g-1 under 7 A g-1 and a capacity retention of 785.2 mAh g-1 after 1600 cycles under 2 A g-1.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hao Wu, Xin Yao, Yue Gui, Hongxun Hao, Lian Yu
Summary: Crystal nucleation rates have been measured in the bulk and at the surface of acetaminophen melt. Form III nucleation occurs in the temperature range of 290-333 K, with the fastest nucleation rate observed at 318 K. Surface nucleation is significantly faster than bulk nucleation, highlighting the importance of the liquid/vapor interface.
CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Haijun Wu, Shoucong Ning, Moaz Waqar, Huajun Liu, Yang Zhang, Hong-Hui Wu, Ning Li, Yuan Wu, Kui Yao, Turab Lookman, Xiangdong Ding, Jun Sun, John Wang, Stephen J. Pennycook
Summary: The study demonstrates a new strategy in alkali niobate epitaxial films, utilizing alkali vacancies without alloying to form nanopillars enclosed with out-of-phase boundaries that can give rise to a giant electromechanical response. This approach provides a pathway to achieve large electromechanical response with good temperature stability in similar perovskite oxides.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zhonghua Li, Hong-Hui Wu, Junjie Li, Shihan Wang, Shiqiang Qin, Jingjin He, Chuanbao Liu, Yanjing Su, Lijie Qiao, Turab Lookman, Yang Bai
Summary: Hysteresis has an influence on the electrocaloric effect (ECE), affecting the reversibility of the ECE. In first-order phase transitions with hysteresis regions, a large ECE occurs, but the temperature span under zero field decreases with increasing electric field. In continuous electric field cycles, the thermal response of irreversible ECE decreases with subsequent changes in field, and electrical hysteresis loss leads to an increase in temperature.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Weiren Wang, Xue Jiang, Shaohan Tian, Pei Liu, Depeng Dang, Yanjing Su, Turab Lookman, Jianxin Xie
Summary: This study introduces a natural language processing pipeline to extract chemical composition and property data from scientific literature, facilitating analysis and prediction of superalloys using a data-driven model. The accuracy of predictions was verified through synthesis and characterization of alloys, and a web-based toolkit was provided as an online open-source platform.
NPJ COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Xuefei Tao, Yang Yang, Hongxiang Zong, Xiangdong Ding, Kaiyuan Yu, Turab Lookman, Jun Sun
Summary: Metastable engineering is used to dope conventional shape memory alloys (SMAs) in order to achieve ultralow hysteretic superelasticity. Large-scale molecular dynamic simulations demonstrate the influence of dopants on the phase transformation process of SMAs.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Pengfei Dang, Fan Ye, Yumei Zhou, Lei Ding, Jianbo Pang, Lei Zhang, Xiangdong Ding, Jun Sun, Sheng Dai, Turab Lookman, Dezhen Xue
Summary: A bulk polycrystalline alloy with nanocrystalline features and epitaxially related structures has been synthesized using cold-rolling and aging treatment, showing excellent elastocaloric cooling properties and fatigue characteristics at room temperature.
Article
Developmental Biology
Ido Regev, Karine Guevorkian, Anupam Gupta, Olivier Pourquie, L. Mahadevan
Summary: This study investigates the effects of cell motility gradients on body elongation using the chicken embryo as a model. The combination of electroporation and time-lapse imaging techniques reveals that random cell motility induced by a cellular signal (FGF) and geometric confinement play important roles in tissue elongation. Both experimental observations and theoretical models demonstrate that the continuous addition of cells at the tail bud, combined with lateral confinement, results in directed movement and body elongation.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Asaf Szulc, Muhittin Mungan, Ido Regev
Summary: This study investigates the multi-periodic behavior of amorphous solids under cyclic forcing. The researchers propose that oscillations in the switching field of soft spots, which are generated by cooperative effects facilitated by frustrated interactions between the soft spots, lead to the observed multi-periodicity. This finding has implications for manipulating memory in frustrated hysteretic systems.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Deqing Xue, Ruihao Yuan, Yuanchao Yang, Jianbo Pang, Yumei Zhou, Xiangdong Ding, Turab Lookman, Xiaobing Ren, Jun Sun, Dezhen Xue
Summary: This study demonstrates the control of martensitic transformation to strain glass transition through defect doping, leading to a wide range of elastocaloric effect. Furthermore, an inverse elastocaloric effect is observed in strain glass alloy with a history of zero-field cooling. This research provides a design recipe for expanding the temperature range for a good elastocaloric effect.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Changxin Wang, Yan Zhang, Cheng Wen, Mingli Yang, Turab Lookman, Yanjing Su, Tong-Yi Zhang
Summary: There is a growing interest in using machine learning techniques to extract explicit relationships between material descriptors and target properties, such as band gap energy.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Lipeng Jiang, Xue Jiang, Changxin Wang, Pei Liu, Yan Zhang, Guocai Lv, Turab Lookman, Yanjing Su
Summary: This paper utilizes multi-objective optimization to discover a high-efficiency NIR phosphor Gd3Mg0.5Al1.5Ga2.5Ge0.5O12:0.04Cr3+, which exhibits broadband NIR emission, good thermal stability, and promising applications for NIR pc-LED. Machine learning models and an active learning strategy are employed to achieve efficient synthesis and characterization.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Yangyang Xu, Guomang Shao, Yumei Zhou, Yu Wang, Sen Yang, Xiangdong Ding, Jun Sun, E. K. H. Salje, Turab Lookman, Dezhen Xue
Summary: A ferroelectric phase transition in barium titanate single crystals under an external electric field is observed, showing scale invariant nucleation and growth of complex domain structures. The energy exponent varies with the external bias and cooling history, with the exponent being near 1.68±0.022 for a single-domain sample after field cooling and 1.66 for a multi-domain sample after zero field cooling under high fields. The complex domain patterns in the multi-domain sample hinder the movement of the phase boundary and generate more small energy signals, resulting in a high critical exponent. The aftershock time distribution remains the same for all switching conditions with Omori exponent near -1 and switching time correlations of -1±0.05 for short times and -2±0.10 for long times.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Applied
Guomang Shao, Yangyang Xu, Yumei Zhou, Xiangdong Ding, Jun Sun, E. K. H. Salje, Turab Lookman, Dezhen Xue
Summary: The avalanche dynamics of ferroelectric switching in lead zirconate titanate ceramics were investigated. Two distinct power-law regimes were identified, and the critical energy exponents were determined. The events were attributed to the depinning of domain walls from different types of defects.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Pengfei Dang, Yumei Zhou, Xiangdong Ding, Jun Sun, Turab Lookman, Dezhen Xue
Summary: There are critical challenges in applying shape memory alloys to solid-state refrigeration, with the degradation of elastocaloric response during repetitive loading being an outstanding issue. Refined grains or dispersed precipitates can improve elastocaloric stability in shape memory alloys by providing high resistance to dislocation activity during transformation.
SHAPE MEMORY AND SUPERELASTICITY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Weiren Wang, Xue Jiang, Shaohan Tian, Pei Liu, Turab Lookman, Yanjing Su, Jianxin Xie
Summary: This study introduces a semi-supervised text mining method to extract parameters related to the sequence of alloy synthesis and processing actions. By automatically extracting synthesis and processing actions from a large corpus of scientific texts, it is possible to improve the prediction model of the data-driven relationship between synthesis factors and structures.
NPJ COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Changxin Wang, Xiaoxu Wang, Tianyao Zhang, Ping Qian, Turab Lookman, Yanjing Su
Summary: This study investigates the potential of 2D metal carbide semiconductor, Ti2CO2, as an electrocatalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). By anchoring single transition metal atoms on Ti vacancies, the catalytic activity and conductivity of Ti2CO2 can be tuned. The results identify Ti2CO2-W as a promising nonprecious HER electrocatalyst with excellent catalytic activity, conductivity, and stability. Machine learning methods are also applied to develop a physical descriptor for efficient searching of highly active HER catalysts.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A
(2022)
