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Recent advances in rare earth-based borate single crystals: Potential materials for nonlinear optical and laser applications

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Elsevier BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.pcrysgrow.2013.07.001

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Soham Mukherjee, Joysurya Basu, Rajiv Kumar Mandal

Summary: Structural transformations in the solid state play a crucial role in the operation of engineering materials. Advanced characterization techniques, such as electron microscopy, have greatly enhanced our understanding of these transformations, particularly in metallic systems like titanium alloys. This article focuses on the formation of various phases in titanium alloys, including solid solution phases, intermetallic phases, quasicrystals, incommensurate structures, and metallic glasses, under different processing conditions. The formation of new phases at the nanoscale is also explored. The importance of studying the properties of nanostructured alloys and the need for a model to understand structural transformations are emphasized. The review concludes by discussing the potential influence of system size on phase formation, using Au-Cu nanostructures as an example.

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