Article
Surgery
Luv Hajirawala, Claudia Leonardi, Guy Orangio, Kurt Davis, Jeffrey Barton
Summary: The study evaluated the risk of adverse outcomes following urgent inpatient colorectal surgery, finding that patients undergoing urgent colectomy had increased comorbidities and higher mortality compared to elective surgery. Urgent status was identified as an independent risk factor for post operative mortality and morbidity.
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mana Mohan Rabha, Upamanyu Sharma, Anurup Gohain Barua
Summary: The study found that when the temperature is raised to 34 degrees C, the emitted pulses become narrow due to denaturation of luciferase, while a decrease in temperature to around 10.5-9 degrees C leads to blue-shifted peak and abnormal increase in flash-duration, possibly indicating cold denaturation of luciferase. These two temperature effects likely determine the temperature-tolerance and habitat selection of fireflies.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Mathias Jachs, Lukas Hartl, Benedikt Simbrunner, David Bauer, Rafael Paternostro, Lorenz Balcar, Benedikt Hofer, Nikolaus Pfisterer, Michael Schwarz, Bernhard Scheiner, Albert F. Staettermayer, Matthias Pinter, Michael Trauner, Mattias Mandorfer, Thomas Reiberger
Summary: In this study, it was found that carvedilol is more effective than propranolol in the secondary prophylaxis of variceal bleeding, as it induces more significant reductions in hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) and is associated with lower rates of rebleeding, liver-related death, and further nonbleeding decompensation.
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Mahendhiran Nair, Mak B. Arvin, Rudra P. Pradhan, Sahar Bahmani
Summary: The study examines the links between institutional quality, CO2 emissions, and economic growth in developing countries and finds a strong interdependence among these variables. Policymakers should implement holistic co-development policy frameworks that strengthen governance institutions and adopt clean-energy industrial strategies to positively impact economic growth in these countries.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Li Zhang, Lingfang Ni, Heng Wang, Zhichao Zhang, Yichun Wu, Renming Jia, Junyu He, Zuhao Zhu, Haiyan Jin, Xing Ren, Dongdong Zhang
Summary: The production and use of organophosphate esters (OPEs) as substitutes for traditional halogenated flame retardants is increasing and has raised global concern regarding their ecological risks to marine environments. In this study, the differences in distribution, sources, risks, and bioremediation potentials of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and OPEs were investigated in the Beibu Gulf. The concentrations of emerging OPEs were found to be higher than those of PCBs in both seawater and sediment samples. PCBs were mainly sourced from atmospheric deposition and waste incineration, while OPE pollution in the Beibu Gulf was attributed to sewage inputs, aquaculture, and shipping activity. Although PCBs exhibited satisfactory dechlorination, OPEs displayed low to medium threats to algae and crustaceans, indicating the need for closer attention to pollution by emerging OPEs.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Zhizhao Jiang, Jianan Ren, Zhiwu Hong, Huajian Ren, Gefei Wang, Guosheng Gu, Yuqi Liu
Summary: The study found that deresuscitative fluid management in patients with abdominal sepsis is associated with better outcomes, indicating it may be a useful therapeutic strategy.
SURGICAL INFECTIONS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Maria Raffaella Petrara, Francesco Bonfante, Paola Costenaro, Anna Cantarutti, Francesco Carmona, Elena Ruffoni, Costanza Di Chiara, Marisa Zanchetta, Luisa Barzon, Daniele Dona, Liviana Da Dalt, Alessio Bortolami, Matteo Pagliari, Mario Plebani, Paolo Rossi, Nicola Cotugno, Paolo Palma, Carlo Giaquinto, Anita De Rossi
Summary: The immune response in pediatric and adult patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 differs, with adults showing higher levels of immune activation and lower production of antibodies, while children have higher levels of regulatory cells. The higher expression of regulatory cells in children may contribute to reduce immune activation, leading to a stronger specific response against the virus.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Soil Science
Zhongcheng Wang, Jin Zhao, Dan Xiao, Meifeng Chen, Xunyang He
Summary: Root AMF colonization, diversity, and interactions vary with soil depth. Higher soil nutrient levels and root biomass promote colonization but suppress diversity and interactions in the upper soil layer compared to deeper layers.
APPLIED SOIL ECOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chongfa Tang, Chang Liu, Benoit Maffei, Beatrice Niragire, Henri Cohen, Aminata Kane, Anne-Claire Donnadieu, Yael Levy-Zauberman, Thomas Vernay, Juliette Hugueny, Etienne Vincens, Christine Louis-Sylvestre, Agathe Subtil, Yongzheng Wu
Summary: The study isolated primary epithelial cells from human ectocervix explants to characterize their susceptibility to C. trachomatis infection. It found that these cells had lower infectious progeny compared to HeLa cells, yet displayed a stronger capacity to mount an inflammatory response.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Augusto Di Castelnuovo, Marialaura Bonaccio, Simona Costanzo, Patrick McElduff, Allen Linneberg, Veikko Salomaa, Satu Mannisto, Jean Ferrieres, Jean Dallongeville, Barbara Thorand, Hermann Brenner, Marco Ferrario, Giovanni Veronesi, Abdonas Tamosiunas, Sameline Grimsgaard, Wojciech Drygas, Sofia Malyutina, Stefan Soederberg, Maria Nordendahl, Frank Kee, Guido Grassi, Salim Dabboura, Rossana Borchini, Dirk Westermann, Benedikt Schrage, Tanja Zeller, Kari Kuulasmaa, Stefan Blankenberg, Maria Benedetta Donati, Licia Iacoviello, Giovanni de Gaetano
Summary: This study investigated the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and alcohol-related diseases, and examined whether the relationship between moderate drinking and all-cause mortality is influenced by educational level (EL). The findings showed that moderate drinking was associated with a lower mortality rate in individuals with higher EL, while heavy drinking was associated with a higher mortality rate in those with lower EL. Therefore, recommendations to reduce alcohol intake should particularly target individuals with a low level of education.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Seyedamir Tavakoli Taba, Benedicta D. Arhatari, Yakov I. Nesterets, Ziba Gadomkar, Sheridan C. Mayo, Darren Thompson, Jane Fox, Beena Kumar, Zdenka Prodanovic, Daniel Hausermann, Anton Maksimenko, Christopher Hall, Matthew Dimmock, Konstantin M. Pavlov, Darren Lockie, Masoumeh Gity, Andrew Peele, Harry M. Quiney, Sarah Lewis, Timur E. Gureyev, Patrick C. Brennan
Summary: This study aimed to optimize the experimental conditions of Propagation-based phase-contrast CT (PB-CT) for breast cancer imaging and found that it achieved higher image quality compared to conventional absorption-based CT (AB-CT) even at lower doses, potentially improving breast cancer diagnosis.
ACADEMIC RADIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Orthopedics
Dan Cohen, NhatChinh Le, Alexander Zakharia, Benjamin Blackman, Darren de Sa
Summary: This study aimed to compare the effect of early MPFL reconstruction and rehabilitation on patients with first-time patellar dislocations. The results showed that MPFL reconstruction resulted in a lower rate of redislocation and better functional outcomes compared to rehabilitation.
KNEE SURGERY SPORTS TRAUMATOLOGY ARTHROSCOPY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Marinela Couselo-Seijas, Cristina Almenglo, Rosa Agra-Bermejo, Angel Luis Fernandez, Ezequiel Alvarez, Jose Gonzalez-Juanatey, Sonia Eiras
Summary: This study found that epicardial fat biopsies expressed higher levels of ACE2 and lower levels of ADAM17, with diabetes being the main factor associated with epicardial ACE2 levels. The highest ACE2 levels were found in patients with diabetes and obesity.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
S. Mehdi Seyedi, Matthew C. Gardner, Matthew Johnson, Shima Hasanpour, Bryton Praslicka, Hamid A. Toliyat
Summary: Magnetic gears have attracted significant interest due to their advantages of contactless operation, reduced maintenance requirements, lack of lubrication, and overload protection. Cycloidal magnetic gears are appealing for applications with high gear ratios. However, they suffer from counterproductive torque and unbalanced magnetic forces. This paper introduces a novel moon structure made of ferromagnetic material to serve as a flux shield, increasing torque density and reducing unbalanced magnetic forces. The proposed moon design can improve torque density by 7.6% to 8.6% or reduce eccentric force by up to 86% without decreasing the volumetric torque density (VTD) in evaluated gear ratios.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xavier Didelot, Charles Morris Evans
Summary: The burial rates of males and females in early modern central London were compared to investigate a possible bias towards male mortality in plague years. The study found a higher burial rate for males in each plague year, partly due to a higher population of males in central London. Additionally, the migration of women of childbearing age out of the city during the plague years contributed to the enhanced difference in adult male and female burials. Husbands were also more likely to be buried than their wives. However, this bias was less apparent in some plague years and in non-plague years, there were more burials of boys than girls.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Bartlomiej Waclaw, Justyna Cholewa-Waclaw, Philip Greulich
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND THEORETICAL
(2019)
Review
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Rosalind J. Allen, Bartlomiej Waclaw
REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS
(2019)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Maartje van der Heijden, Daniel M. Miedema, Bartlomiej Waclaw, Veronique L. Veenstra, Maria C. Lecca, Lisanne E. Nijman, Erik van Dijk, Sanne M. van Neerven, Sophie C. Lodestijn, Kristiaan J. Lenos, Nina E. de Groot, Pramudita R. Prasetyanti, Andrea Arricibita Varea, Douglas J. Winton, Jan Paul Medema, Edward Morrissey, Bauke Ylstra, Martin A. Nowak, Maarten F. Bijlsma, Louis Vermeulen
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2019)
Article
Ecology
Catherine G. Mills, Rosalind J. Allen, Richard A. Blythe
THEORETICAL ECOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Ivana Bozic, Chay Paterson, Bartlomiej Waclaw
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
John C. Connelly, Justyna Cholewa-Waclaw, Shaun Webb, Verdiana Steccanella, Bartlomiej Waclaw, Adrian Bird
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2020)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Martin Carballo-Pacheco, Michael D. Nicholson, Elin E. Lilja, Rosalind J. Allen, Bartlomiej Waclaw
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Biology
Suman G. Das, Susana O. L. Direito, Bartlomiej Waclaw, Rosalind J. Allen, Joachim Krug
Article
Microbiology
Nikola Ojkic, Elin Lilja, Susana Direito, Angela Dawson, Rosalind J. Allen, Bartlomiej Waclaw
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daniel Taylor, Nia Verdon, Peter Lomax, Rosalind J. Allen, Simon Titmuss
Summary: In this study, a microfluidic device and imaging protocol were introduced for high-resolution imaging and automatic counting of bacteria within microdroplets. The researchers successfully tracked the stochastic growth of replicate Escherichia coli populations and found that the growth trajectories in early times followed the predictions of the Bellman-Harris model.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Patrick Sinclair, Chris A. Brackley, Martin Carballo-Pacheco, Rosalind J. Allen
Summary: Surface-attached bacterial biofilms can lead to disease and industrial biofouling, and are widespread in natural environments. Quorum sensing is an important mechanism for biofilm initiation. We present and analyze a model that suggests a stochastic transition from loosely attached bacteria near the surface to a growing biofilm.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Ellen Young, Gavin Melaugh, Rosalind J. Allen
Summary: The emergence of spatial organisation in biofilm growth is investigated using individual-based simulations. It is found that the transition from smooth to rough interface morphologies is associated with dynamical changes in the active layer. The fluctuations in the active layer thickness play a central role in controlling the pinning of the biofilm interface and the resulting biofilm morphology.
NPJ BIOFILMS AND MICROBIOMES
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Gavin Melaugh, Vincent A. Martinez, Perrin Baker, Preston J. Hill, P. Lynne Howell, Daniel J. Wozniak, Rosalind J. Allen
Summary: Researchers have found that Pseudomonas aeruginosa forms suspended multicellular aggregates in liquid media, and these aggregates may play important roles in disease and biofilm formation. The polysaccharide Psl and extracellular DNA (eDNA) have been implicated in aggregation, but their roles vary depending on the growth stage of the bacterial cultures. Cell-associated Psl mediates aggregation in exponentially growing cultures, while both eDNA and Psl mediate cohesion in stationary phase cultures. These findings suggest that the properties of multicellular aggregates change throughout the growth cycle of P. aeruginosa.
NPJ BIOFILMS AND MICROBIOMES
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
J. Szavits-Nossan, B. Waclaw