Article
Food Science & Technology
David G. King, Daniel Peart, David Broom, Garry A. Tew
Summary: This study investigated the effects of pre-meal whey protein consumption on acute food intake and subsequent energy balance in males of healthy-weight or living with overweight and obesity. The results showed that whey protein reduced energy intake at the next meal without upregulating compensatory behaviors in both healthy-weight and overweight/obese males. However, the chronic effects of whey protein on body composition and weight loss still need to be elucidated.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Simone Theilade, Mikkel B. Christensen, Tina Vilsboll, Filip K. Knop
Summary: Obesity is a major health challenge affecting nearly 700 million people globally, with a variety of factors such as genetic susceptibility, environmental factors, and cultural habits contributing to its development. The pathophysiology of obesity connects neuro-endocrine and metabolic disturbances with genetics, epigenetics, and environmental influences.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Lena Pelissier, Valerie Julian, Kristine Beaulieu, Julie Siroux, Audrey Boscaro, Alicia Fillon, Graham Finlayson, Martine Duclos, Yves Boirie, Bruno Pereira, Laurie Isacco, David Thivel
Summary: This study compared the effects of equivalent energy deficits induced by dietary restriction alone and combined with exercise on appetite responses in adolescents with obesity. The results showed that neither of the two deficits led to subsequent appetitive compensation, with the dietary deficit even inducing a lower ad libitum energy intake at the subsequent dinner. Further research is needed to better understand the appetitive response to dietary and exercise energy balance manipulations in this population.
PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Patrick Wyatt, Sarah E. Berry, Graham Finlayson, Ruairi O'Driscoll, George Hadjigeorgiou, David A. Drew, Haya Al Khatib, Long H. Nguyen, Inbar Linenberg, Andrew T. Chan, Tim D. Spector, Paul W. Franks, Jonathan Wolf, John Blundell, Ana M. Valdes
Summary: Research suggests that postprandial glucose dips at 2-3 hours after a meal are a better predictor of hunger and subsequent energy intake compared to peak glucose levels at 0-2 hours. Understanding the relationship between postprandial glucose, appetite, and energy intake can provide valuable insights into weight loss interventions.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Anja Bosy-Westphal, Franziska A. Haegele, Manfred J. Mueller
Summary: This narrative review examines the relationship between energy intake and expenditure, finding that different ways of increasing energy expenditure may result in different regulation responses towards food intake. Exercise, physical activity, heat exposure, and high protein intake are beneficial for weight loss, while cold exposure or sleep loss-induced increase in energy expenditure may lead to overcompensation of energy intake, especially in thrifty phenotypes.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Lore Metz, Laurie Isacco, Nicole Fearnbach, Bruno Pereira, David Thivel, Martine Duclos
Summary: The study found that energy expenditure was higher during water-based cycling compared to rest and land-based cycling; carbohydrate oxidation was also higher. Adjusting the duration of land-based cycling to reach the same energy expenditure as water-based cycling was effective. There were no differences in food intake between different exercise sessions.
Article
Cell Biology
Molly R. Gallop, Victoria C. Wilson, Anthony W. Ferrante
Summary: This study suggests that high-fat diets disrupt the defense mechanism of body weight, leading to weight gain. Moreover, a palatable, high-fat diet can increase food intake and alter feeding behavior in relation to post-oral sensing of percent calories from fat.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Radrigo Fernandez-Verdejo, Jacob T. Mey, Eric Ravussin
Summary: The potential of ketogenic approaches to regulate energy balance has gained attention due to their influence on energy expenditure and intake. Strategies such as fasting, dietary manipulation, and exogenous ketone sources can induce ketosis. Ketosis has minimal impact on energy expenditure but promotes substrate utilization towards ketone body oxidation. Low carbohydrate ketogenic diets and higher carbohydrate diets are equally effective for weight loss. However, the intake of medium-chain triglycerides and ketone esters may enhance weight loss by increasing energy expenditure and reducing energy intake. Further controlled studies are needed to isolate the independent effects of ketones.
JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Ao Shang, Ren-You Gan, Xiao-Yu Xu, Qian-Qian Mao, Pang-Zhen Zhang, Hua-Bin Li
Summary: In recent years, obesity has become a global public health issue, with edible and medicinal plants showing potential as candidates for prevention and management of obesity. These plants exhibit anti-obesity activity by suppressing appetite, reducing lipid and carbohydrate absorption, regulating metabolism, increasing energy expenditure, regulating microbiota, and improving inflammation related to obesity. Further research is needed to explore safer plants with anti-obesity activity and identify specific mechanisms for combating obesity.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Angelo Tremblay, Mikael Fogelholm, Elli Jalo, Margriet S. Westerterp-Plantenga, Tanja C. Adam, Maija Huttunen-Lenz, Gareth Stratton, Tony Lam, Teodora Handjieva-Darlenska, Svetoslav Handjiev, J. Alfredo Martinez, Ian A. Macdonald, Elizabeth J. Simpson, Jennie Brand-Miller, Roslyn Muirhead, Sally D. Poppitt, Marta P. Silvestre, Thomas M. Larsen, Pia Siig Vestentoft, Wolfgang Schlicht, Vicky Drapeau, Anne Raben
Summary: The study found that overweight individuals with pre-diabetes who failed to achieve a body weight loss of >= 8% of the baseline value after a 2-month low-energy diet maintained a lower daily energy deficit and had less favorable changes in susceptibility to hunger and appetite sensations. Additionally, they did not benefit in terms of improving sleep quality. These results indicate that these individuals may have behavioral vulnerability that could be exacerbated by prolonged diet restriction.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Fabian Lanuza Rilling, Marcela Reyes, Estela Blanco, Raquel Burrows, Patricio Peirano, Cecilia Algarin, Tomas Merono, Sheila Gahagan
Summary: The level of orexin-A is associated with breakfast energy intake and inversely related to subsequent snack energy intake, which also depends on the caloric intake during breakfast.
PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Fabian Lanuza, Marcela Reyes, Estela Blanco, Raquel Burrows, Patricio Peirano, Cecilia Algarin, Tomas Merono, Sheila Gahagan
Summary: In a longitudinal study in Chile, the relationship between fasting Orexin-A levels and energy intake at breakfast and a subsequent snack was examined in adolescents. The study found that higher Orexin-A levels were associated with higher energy intake at breakfast and a trend towards lower odds of high energy intake for the snack. Moreover, individuals who consumed more calories at breakfast exhibited a lower inhibitory effect of Orexin on eating at the snack.
PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jonathan C. Wells, Peter S. Davies, Mark Hopkins, John E. Blundell
Summary: Recent research challenges the assumption that appetite functions to maintain stable body mass and fat mass, suggesting instead that appetite matches food intake to energy expenditure and its correlates. The study found that milk intake and energy intake in infants are strongly associated with fat-free mass and energy expenditure components, with parental height correlating with weight gain, milk intake, and energy intake.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Nicole Fearnbach, Amanda E. Staiano, Neil M. Johannsen, Daniel S. Hsia, Robbie A. Beyl, Owen T. Carmichael, Corby K. Martin
Summary: Exercise may impact energy intake in adolescents by influencing appetite states rather than traits. Additionally, baseline energy intake after exercise is associated with weight change over time, indicating that appetitive cues play a significant role in post-exercise energy intake.
Article
Psychiatry
Evelyn Medawar, Sven-Bastiaan Haange, Ulrike Rolle-Kampczyk, Beatrice Engelmann, Arne Dietrich, Ronja Thieleking, Charlotte Wiegank, Charlotte Fries, Annette Horstmann, Arno Villringer, Martin von Bergen, Wiebke Fenske, A. Veronica Witte
Summary: The study found that certain bacterial genera were associated with healthy eating behavior, while others were linked to unhealthy eating behavior. Some of these genera were also related to dietary fiber intake, SCFA, weight status, and treatment response in overweight/obese patients.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2021)