Article
Environmental Sciences
W. Ghedhaifi, E. Montreuil, M. Chouak, F. Garnier
Summary: Pollutant emissions from aircraft operations contribute to air quality degradation in and around airports. Meeting the environmental certification standards set by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) for aircraft engine emissions is a major challenge for the development of air transportation. Developing advanced decision-making tools is crucial to improve the accuracy of airport air pollution monitoring and prediction. This study demonstrates the modeling capabilities of an innovative methodology that considers the microscale evolution of aircraft emissions, both spatially and temporally.
WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Kaimin Gao, Hong Lian, Chengfeng Xue, Jing Zhou, Xiaomei Yan
Summary: Protein aggregation is a major challenge in biopharmaceuticals, affecting therapeutic efficacy and reducing shelf life. This study presents a new method of using a laboratory-built nano-flow cytometer (nFCM) to count and size protein aggregates as small as 40 nm. The results show that therapeutic proteins contain billions to trillions of particles per milliliter in the size range of 40 to 200 nm.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Amin Asghari
Summary: This article introduces a new expandable multiphase interleaved converter that achieves zero voltage and zero current switching with a specific switching algorithm and topology. It provides efficient energy conversion and uniform current sharing.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mst. Rubaya Rashid, Christian Ganser, Mousumi Akter, Syeda Rubaiya Nasrin, Arif Md. Rashedul Kabir, Kazuki Sada, Takayuki Uchihashi, Akira Kakugo
Summary: In this study, high-speed atomic force microscopy was used to observe the nanometer-level structure of microtubule swarm rings. It was found that microtubules pile up in multiple layers to form these rings. The estimation of the number of microtubules involved in force generation will have a significant impact on understanding the force-generation capability of swarms.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Evan Lammertse, Nikhil Koditala, Martin Sauzade, Hongxiao Li, Qiang Li, Luc Anis, Jun Kong, Eric Brouzes
Summary: This research presents a simple defocusing approach based on brightfield microscopy and open-source software to map micro-flows in 3D at high spatial and temporal resolution. The method is validated on three microfluidic examples, revealing novel structures and patterns in displacement structures and droplet microfluidics.
MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Telecommunications
Chao Yang, Xuyu Wang, Shiwen Mao
Summary: This paper proposes a subject-adaptive technique for pose tracking using RFID. With a cross-skeleton learning structure and a cycle kinematic network, the Cycle-Pose system achieves lower estimation error and better subject generalization across different human skeletons.
DIGITAL COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKS
(2022)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Anindya Harchowdhury, Lindsay Kleeman, Leena Vachhani
Summary: This paper presents a novel design of a nodding LIDAR that provides denser scans and achieves a three times higher scan update rate. The sensor also has a dynamic reconfigurability feature allowing a suitable change in its field of view on the fly using a set of mirrors. Additionally, a novel calibration mechanism is proposed and experimentally validated for dynamic object detection and tracking.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Roman Avetisov, Ksenya Kazmina, Artem Barkanov, Marina Zykova, Andrew Khomyakov, Alexander Pytchenko, Igor Avetissov
Summary: A simple method has been developed to synthesize high pure tris(8-hydroxyquinoline)aluminum (Alq(3)) from commercial available materials. The synthesis involves a one-step exchange chemical reaction under controlled temperature, with water removal by phosphorus anhydride.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Jiahang Lv, Yao Hu, Hongyu Zhao, Min Ye, Ning Ding, Jingshan Zhong, Xiaopu Wang
Summary: This study proposed a high-resolution and high-speed 3D tracking method for microrobots based on a fluorescent light field microscope. The method was validated by simulations and experimental results showed that it achieved wider depth of field and 3D imaging capability, as well as good trajectory tracking accuracy and lateral resolution.
QUANTITATIVE IMAGING IN MEDICINE AND SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Reza Montazerolghaem, Ehsan Adib, Javad Semiromizadeh, Patrick Wheeler
Summary: This article proposes a high-step-down dc-dc converter with continuous output current for high efficiency. The converter ensures zero-voltage switching of MOSFETs and zero-current switching of diodes, maintaining soft-switching of semiconductor elements in a wide power range. By using coupled inductors and series capacitors, the converter lengthens the duty cycle and reduces the peak current of MOSFETs, optimizing the loss distribution. The bootstrap method is employed to control the switches without the need for isolated power supply gate drivers.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Courtney Johnson, Jack Exell, Yuxin Lin, Jonathan Aguilar, Kevin D. Welsher
Summary: In this study, a method called 3D-TrIm was used to capture the early stages of virus-cell interaction, providing unprecedented detail. The method revealed previously unobserved phenomena, such as millisecond timescale contact events, significant changes in diffusion coefficient upon binding, and different diffusion modes along cellular protrusions. Additionally, the method allowed for single-virion tracking in tissue-like conditions, offering opportunities to study fast, three-dimensional processes in biological systems.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Seung-Tae Lee, Yang-Ki Cho, Duk-jin Kim
Summary: Sea surface temperature (SST) is crucial for understanding coastal seas. Landsat 8 data helps to determine the variability of SST near tidal flats, where the temperature range is higher and the gradients are influenced by heating and cooling from the flats.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Biophysics
Shunxiang Gao, Qian Li, Shenghai Zhang, Xinghuai Sun, Xin Zheng, Husun Qian, Jihong Wu
Summary: This study presents a 3D aptasensor based on biolayer interferometry for the rapid and sensitive detection of the biomarker BDNF, enabling early screening of glaucoma. The aptasensor showed a broad detection range and low detection limit, confirming its feasibility as a screening tool for glaucoma.
BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Chakarajamula Hussaian Basha, Matcha Murali
Summary: This article introduces an Improved Grey Wolf Optimization-based Fuzzy Logic Controller for tracking the Maximum Power Point of solar PV under partial shading conditions, and also presents a new converter to improve the system voltage profile with analyzed steady-state performance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CIRCUIT THEORY AND APPLICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Tian Liu, Jiang Wang, Qiao Jiang, Ning Chai, Shuanglu Ying, Yuxuan Kong, Fei-Yan Yi
Summary: In this study, a simple one-step synthetic strategy was designed to successfully construct a hollow cubic Prussian blue analogue (PBA) covered by 2D ultrathin nanosheets, namely hollow tremella-like PBA (HTPBA). Furthermore, a self-supporting HTPBA/NF-12 electrode was obtained by introducing Ni foam (NF) as a substrate. The HTPBA/NF-12 electrode exhibited distinguished catalytic performance towards glucose and nitrite detection, including remarkable selectivity, reproducibility, sensitivity, wide linear range, and low detection limit.
DALTON TRANSACTIONS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anne Seifert, Hauke Drechsler, Julia Japtok, Till Korten, Stefan Diez, Andreas Hermann
Summary: Deficient intracellular transport is a common feature of neurodegenerative diseases. Mutations in the FUS gene are a common genetic cause of ALS, but the negative effect of FUS (P525L) on axonal transport is indirect and requires additional factors or mechanisms.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Brian T. DeVree, Lisa M. Steiner, Sylwia Glazowska, Felix Ruhnow, Klaus Herburger, Staffan Persson, Jozef Mravec
Summary: Plant cell wall-derived biomass is a renewable source of energy and materials, but its complex structure presents challenges for imaging and understanding. Utilizing molecular probes and light microscopy are important tools to study cell wall assemblies. Advances in imaging techniques and probing methods for plant cell walls can benefit bioengineering efforts and industrial processes.
BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
M. Sanchez Miranda, R. Lyttleton, P. H. Siu, S. Diez, H. Linke, A. P. Micolich
Summary: The study introduces the possibility of using electric detection to monitor single filament movement, which would greatly benefit nanotechnology applications. Detection of both actin and microtubules could be achieved using low ionic strength buffers under good device design conditions.
NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Marta Urbanska, Annemarie Ludecke, Wilhelm J. Walter, Antoine M. van Oijen, Karl E. Duderstadt, Stefan Diez
Summary: This study introduces a highly-parallel, microfluidics-based method for rapid collection of force-dependent motility parameters of cytoskeletal motors, significantly improving throughput. DNA-tethered beads are used to apply tunable hydrodynamic forces to stepping kinesin-1 motors, allowing for simultaneous tracking of various motility parameters of hundreds of individual molecules. The approach, applicable to other molecular systems, represents a new methodology for parallelized single-molecule force studies on cytoskeletal motors.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Till Korten, Stefan Diez, Heiner Linke, Dan V. Nicolau, Hillel Kugler
Summary: Exact cover, a NP-complete problem, central to optimization challenges like airline fleet planning and cloud computing resource allocation, can be efficiently solved using a network-based biocomputation device that leverages parallelism and high energy efficiency of biological systems. This approach significantly improves computing performance and lays the groundwork for scaling NBC devices to solve larger combinatorial problems.
NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Cordula Reuther, Rachele Catalano, Aseem Salhotra, Venukumar Vemula, Till Korten, Stefan Diez, Alf Mansson
Summary: Over the past 25 years, significant progress has been made in developing nanotechnological applications involving cytoskeletal filaments and molecular motors. Actin-based and microtubule-based systems have different advantages and face distinct challenges when used for tasks such as biosensing and biocomputation. Understanding these differences can facilitate the design of new devices and optimize future developments.
NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Cordula Reuther, Paula Santos-Otte, Rahul Grover, Georg Heldt, Guenther Woehlke, Stefan Diez
Summary: This study demonstrates a method to multiply microtubules by severing and elongating them. The method can be applied to counteract the loss of microtubules on surfaces during long-distance and long-duration movements, and it enables microtubule multiplication in physical networks.
Article
Developmental Biology
Zengyu Liu, Isabella Osterlund, Felix Ruhnow, Yiran Cao, Guoqiang Huang, Wenguo Cai, Jiao Zhang, Wanqi Liang, Zoran Nikoloski, Staffan Persson, Dabing Zhang
Summary: Rice is an important food crop, and the cytoskeleton plays a crucial role in its growth, development, and response to the environment. However, reliable markers for the cytoskeleton in rice have been lacking, limiting our understanding of its functions. In this study, fluorescent marker lines for the actin and microtubule cytoskeletons in rice were generated, and their roles were investigated in pollen grain development, root cell development, and salt stress response.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Foram M. Joshi, Gonzalo Alvarez Viar, Gaia Pigino, Hauke Drechsler, Stefan Diez
Summary: Gold nanowires have great potential for use in electronic, photonic, and optoelectronic devices. Current fabrication strategies have drawbacks such as high temperatures, toxic chemicals, or expensive compounds. This study presents a strategy for growing gold nanowires from seed nanoparticles within the lumen of microtubules, which is fast, simple, inexpensive, and does not require toxic chemicals or other harsh conditions.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Adrian Pascal Nievergelt, Ilia Zykov, Dennis Diener, Aditya Chhatre, Tim-Oliver Buchholz, Markus Delling, Stefan Diez, Florian Jug, Ludek Stepanek, Gaia Pigino
Summary: Cilia or eukaryotic flagella are microtubule-based organelles involved in intraflagellar transport (IFT), a system that moves cargo required for their assembly and maintenance. Previous studies suggested the presence of specific machinery at the ciliary tip to control IFT, but this research shows that IFT can be induced at arbitrary distances from the tip, independent of calcium ions.
Review
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Falco C. M. J. M. van Delft, Alf Mansson, Hillel Kugler, Till Korten, Cordula Reuther, Jingyuan Zhu, Roman Lyttleton, Thomas Blaudeck, Christoph Robert Meinecke, Danny Reuter, Stefan Diez, Heiner Linke
Summary: Network-based biocomputation is an alternative parallel computing approach that can potentially solve combinatorial problems with lower energy consumption. Although there have been advancements in proof-of-principle experiments, there are still challenges in scaling up NBC to an industrial level. A roadmap identifying key scientific and technological needs can provide guidance for this expansion.
Article
Plant Sciences
Nicole Poulsen, Helene Hennig, Veikko F. Geyer, Stefan Diez, Richard Wetherbee, Sorel Fitz-Gibbon, Matteo Pellegrini, Nils Kroeger
Summary: Diatoms are microalgae with silica-based cell walls that play a crucial role in aquatic habitats. Previous studies have identified glycoproteins known as FACs in a common fouling diatom, but their function in adhesion remained unclear. This study determined the polypeptide sequences of FACs and found that they are not involved in adhesion or motility, but may act as a lubricant to prevent fouling of the diatom surface.
JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Wouter Mul, Aniruddha Mitra, Erwin J. G. Peterman
Summary: In this review, the authors explore the regulation of intraflagellar transport (IFT) in cilia from three different perspectives: the motor track, motor proteins, and kinases. By discussing these factors, the authors provide mechanistic insights into IFT regulation in cilia and suggest directions for future research.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Christoph R. Meinecke, Georg Heldt, Thomas Blaudeck, Frida W. Lindberg, Falco C. M. J. M. van Delft, Mohammad Ashikur Rahman, Aseem Salhotra, Alf Mansson, Heiner Linke, Till Korten, Stefan Diez, Danny Reuter, Stefan E. Schulz
Summary: Network-based biocomputation (NBC) relies on nanofabricated channels to guide biological agents accurately. In this study, we present the large-scale fabrication of optimized microfluidic channel networks (NBC networks) using electron-beam lithography. To confirm their functionality, we solve a classical NP-complete problem, the subset-sum problem, on these NBC networks. By optimizing the material stack, nanolithographic fabrication processes, and motor-protein expression and purification, we improve the attachment of functional motor proteins, the smoothness of channel walls and floors, and the motility of filaments. These optimizations increase the reliability of NBC devices and enable the production of larger NBC networks for solving complex combinatorial problems.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Veikko F. Geyer, Stefan Diez
Summary: Transport of intracellular cargo along cytoskeletal filaments is often mediated by multiple motor molecules. This study introduces a new method using horizontal magnetic tweezers system to investigate multi-motor systems. The force-velocity relationship of motor-driven cytoskeletal filaments is directly measured and the collective backward motion of the transport system is observed under super-stall forces. This magnetic tweezers apparatus has potential applications in various molecular and cellular motility assays.