Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Raunak Dey, Avijit Kundu, Biswajit Das, Ayan Banerjee
Summary: This study investigates the crucial category of nonequilibrium steady states (NESS) in the mesoscopic world. By employing a model NESS stochastic system, the researchers demonstrate that time-integrated observables, such as the entropic current and work done on/dissipated by the system, follow the three Levy arcsine laws in the large time limit. The study provides insights into NESS statistics and the role of stochastic fluctuations.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Moojune Song, Mujin You, Seungmo Yang, Tae-Seong Ju, Kyoung-Woong Moon, Chanyong Hwang, Kyoung-Whan Kim, Albert Min Gyu Park, Kab-Jin Kim
Summary: The scaling law explains the universality in nature, and it is found in this study that the dynamics of weakly driven magnetic skyrmions are different from that of the magnetic domain wall, which is caused by a general principle beyond the topological charge.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Alberto Trentino, Jacob Madsen, Andreas Mittelberger, Clemens Mangler, Toma Susi, Kimmo Mustonen, Jani Kotakoski
Summary: By utilizing a near ultrahigh vacuum system and advanced imaging techniques, researchers have overcome various difficulties in the structural engineering of 2D materials, successfully preparing and fully characterizing atomically clean free-standing graphene with controlled defect distribution.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Anand Pathak, Shakti N. Menon, Sitabhra Sinha
Summary: Analyzing the organizational structures of the brain at intermediate scales allows us to understand its complexity and the role of modular architecture in promoting global coordination.
Article
Mathematics
Zhigang Bao, Kevin Schnelli, Yuanyuan Xu
Summary: This article studies the eigenvalue statistics of random matrices of the form H-N = A(N) + UNBNUN*, and establishes a universal central limit theorem on all mesoscopic scales inside the regular bulk of the spectrum. The proof involves generating Ward identities, deriving an explicit formula for the derivative of the characteristic function, and obtaining a local law for two-point product functions through partial randomness decomposition.
INTERNATIONAL MATHEMATICS RESEARCH NOTICES
(2022)
Article
Optics
Xiaoxiao Sun, Yong Zhang, Weikun Ge
Summary: Contrary to common belief, the segregation of halide ions induced by light does not occur within the illuminated area in a mixed halide alloy. Instead, the released Br ions are expelled from the illuminated area, generating a ring of anions surrounding the illuminated area. This finding may be the first observation of an ionic plasma oscillation in solids.
LIGHT-SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
D. Lucente, M. Viale, A. Gnoli, A. Puglisi, A. Vulpiani
Summary: This study presents experimental observations of significant differences between the rotator's angular velocity in an out-of-equilibrium process and the equilibrium process. A new model is proposed, incorporating both Gaussian and Poissonian noise, which successfully reproduces the experimental results at different densities. This research provides a more consistent and meaningful framework for the treatment of out-of-equilibrium and dissipative systems.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Ariane Soret, Ohad Shpielberg, Eric Akkermans
Summary: Thermodynamic uncertainty relations are extended to zero temperature quantum mesoscopic physics, revealing connections between fluctuations and entropy production. The cost function, as a bound on fluctuations induced by coherent effects, is identified as a critical resource in quantum mesoscopic physics, demonstrating the potential of importing powerful methods from non-equilibrium statistical physics.
JOURNAL OF STATISTICAL MECHANICS-THEORY AND EXPERIMENT
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Aurimas Narkevicius, Richard M. Parker, Jordi Ferrer-Orri, Thomas G. Parton, Zihao Lu, Gea T. van de Kerkhof, Bruno Frka-Petesic, Silvia Vignolini
Summary: This study demonstrated the fabrication of chitin-based films with tunable reflection color by controlling the preparation conditions of chitin nanocrystals.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Binghui Deng, Ying Shi, Qi Zhou, Mathieu Bauchy
Summary: The addition of MgO to aluminosilicate glasses has a dual role as glass network modifier/charge compensator and network former, depending strongly on the composition of other oxides in the glass. The non-linear evolution of the isokom annealing temperature upon increasing Al2O3 content in the peraluminous regime can be rationalized in terms of the combined effects of short-range connectivity and medium-range ring size distribution.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Liming Zhao, Genyang Tang, Chao Sun, Jianguo Zhao, Shangxu Wang
Summary: This study conducted stress-strain oscillation experiments on rock samples to investigate wave-induced fluid flow (WIFF) at different scales. Results showed attenuation peaks affected by saturation degree, oil viscosity and confining pressure. A dual-scale fluid flow model was developed to explain the interaction of WIFFs at microscopic and mesoscopic scales.
GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Zhicong Li, Chun Lou, Benjamin M. Kumfer
Summary: This paper investigates the competitive relationship between soot formation and chemiluminescence and reveals their correlation through experiments and kinetic analysis. The experimental results demonstrate that soot formation inhibits chemiluminescence, indicating a competition between the two processes during combustion. Rate of production analysis further reveals the distribution of fuel pyrolysis products between soot formation and chemiluminescence.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2022)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Naftali R. Smith
Summary: This study investigates the large deviations in series of finite lengths generated by chaotic maps. The rate functions for the doubling, tent, and logistic maps are analytically obtained, while the rate function of the cat map is determined numerically, revealing strong evidence of a remarkable singularity. Furthermore, a numerical tool for simulating atypical realizations of sequences is developed.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Satoshi Hori, Ryoji Kanno, Ohmin Kwon, Yuki Kato, Takeshi Yamada, Masato Matsuura, Masao Yonemura, Takashi Kamiyama, Kaoru Shibata, Yukinobu Kawakita
Summary: Understanding the behavior of Li-ion conduction in superionic conductors is crucial for the development of new solid electrolytes and improvement of charge-discharge performances in all-solid-state batteries.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
(2022)
Article
Optics
Vincenzo Macri, Fabrizio Minganti, Anton Frisk Kockum, Alessandro Ridolfo, Salvatore Savasta, Franco Nori
Summary: This article extends the formalism of quantum trajectories to open quantum systems with ultrastrong coupling between light and matter. In such systems, higher-order quantum-state and energy transfer can occur, and the emitted field of the system possesses distinct features from systems with lower coupling strengths.
Article
Biophysics
Jin Zhang, Gregory Lemberskiy, Linda Moy, Els Fieremans, Dmitry S. Novikov, Sungheon Gene Kim
Summary: The feasibility of using diffusion-time-dependent diffusional kurtosis imaging (tDKI) to measure cellular-interstitial water exchange time (tau(ex)) in tumors was assessed in both animal and human studies. Both preclinical and clinical studies showed that D(t) did not change significantly when diffusion time t was greater than or equal to 200 ms, while K(t) decreased monotonically with increasing diffusion time.
NMR IN BIOMEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Benjamin Ades-Aron, Gregory Lemberskiy, Jelle Veraart, John Golfinos, Els Fieremans, Dmitry S. Novikov, Timothy Shepherd
Summary: Using MP-PCA denoising improves task correlation in relevant cortical regions during functional MRI language mapping in patients with brain tumors. The study found that denoising led to higher median z scores in cortical regions for various tasks, while contralateral homolog regions did not show improvement in z scores.
Article
Clinical Neurology
M. J. Hoch, M. Bruno, D. Pacione, Y. W. Lui, E. Fieremans, T. M. Shepherd
Summary: The study found that two-slice simultaneous multislice diffusion was clinically equivalent to standard acquisitions and diffusion tractography, despite reduced image quality. Simultaneous multislice acceleration makes it feasible to acquire higher angular and q-space-resolution diffusion acquisitions, which is crucial for translating advanced diffusion models into clinical practice.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEURORADIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biophysics
Gregory Lemberskiy, Thorsten Feiweier, Soterios Gyftopoulos, Leon Axel, Dmitry S. Novikov, Els Fieremans
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the microstructure of muscles using a quantitative approach with the RPBM applied to time-dependent diffusion tensor imaging. The RPBM framework enabled measurement of microstructural parameters from diffusion time-dependent DTI, with myofiber diameter identified as a stronger predictor of intramuscular morphological changes compared to macroscopic measurements. This work demonstrates the potential of RPBM in assessing pathological changes in musculature that may not be detectable with standard diffusion and anatomical MRI techniques.
NMR IN BIOMEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marios Georgiadis, Aileen Schroeter, Zirui Gao, Manuel Guizar-Sicairos, Marianne Liebi, Christoph Leuze, Jennifer A. McNab, Aleezah Balolia, Jelle Veraart, Benjamin Ades-Aron, Sunglyoung Kim, Timothy Shepherd, Choong H. Lee, Piotr Walczak, Shirish Chodankar, Phillip DiGiacomo, Gergely David, Mark Augath, Valerio Zerbi, Stefan Sommer, Ivan Rajkovic, Thomas Weiss, Oliver Bunk, Lin Yang, Jiangyang Zhang, Dmitry S. Novikov, Michael Zeineh, Els Fieremans, Markus Rudin
Summary: This study demonstrates the use of small-angle X-ray scattering tensor tomography (SAXS-TT) to quantify myelin levels, nanostructural integrity, and axon orientations in nervous tissue. The method was successfully applied to whole mouse brain, mouse spinal cord, and human white and gray matter samples, showcasing its potential in studying myelination in development, aging, disease, and treatment.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Hong-Hsi Lee, Dmitry S. Novikov, Els Fieremans
Summary: In this study, a new method called RPG pipeline was proposed to remove Gibbs-ringing artifacts caused by PF acquisition and zero filling interpolation in MRI data. The results show that for PF = 7/8 and 6/8, the RPG pipeline can effectively remove ringings and bias in diffusion metrics induced by PF acquisition and zero filling. However, for PF = 5/8, ringing removal via RPG leads to excessive image blurring.
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Chenyang Li, Els Fieremans, Dmitry S. S. Novikov, Yulin Ge, Jiangyang Zhang
Summary: FEXI and DKI(t) show similar sensitivity to exchange processes in white matter but are affected by tissue microstructure in gray matter.
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Elkhonon Goldberg, Kenneth Podell, Daniel K. Sodickson, Els Fieremans
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Hong-Hsi Lee, Dmitry S. Novikov, Els Fieremans
Summary: This study aims to investigate and remove Gibbs-ringing artifacts caused by PF acquisition and zero filling interpolation in MRI data. The proposed RPG pipeline effectively removes Gibbs-ringings and subsequent bias in diffusion metrics for PF = 7/8 and 6/8, but leads to excessive image blurring for PF = 5/8 due to the interplay of image phase and convolution kernel.
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE
(2021)