Review
Immunology
Xintong He, Ye Sun, Jianzhang Lu, Faiza Naz, Shenglin Ma, Jian Liu
Summary: Cytoplasmic DNA plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases and cancer, including COVID-19 and lung carcinoma. However, understanding the specific roles of various cytoplasmic DNA-related pathways and their interactions in different inflammatory diseases is challenging. This review summarizes the latest findings on cytoplasmic DNA and its signaling pathways in inflammatory lung conditions and lung cancer progression. It provides insights into the development of common lung diseases and discusses the potential immunotherapy strategies by targeting cytoplasmic DNA.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zhongshun Liu, Congwei Jiang, Zhangmengxue Lei, Sihan Dong, Linlin Kuang, Chenxu Huang, Ying Gao, Mu Liu, Hui Xiao, Patrick Legembre, Jae U. Jung, Huaping Liang, Xiaozhen Liang
Summary: Type I interferons (IFNs) are the first line of defense against invading pathogens. This study identified a previously unknown protein, PINLYP, that interacts with TBK1 to induce the production of type I IFN. Loss of PINLYP impaired the activation of IRF3 and the production of IFN induced by various viruses and Toll-like receptor ligands. Mice lacking PINLYP were more susceptible to lethal virus infection, highlighting the importance of PINLYP in the host defense against viral infections.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Immunology
John D. O'Neil, Oliwia O. Bolimowska, Sally A. Clayton, Tina Tang, Kalbinder K. Daley, Samuel Lara-Reyna, Jordan Warner, Claire S. Martin, Rahul Y. Mahida, Rowan S. Hardy, J. Simon C. Arthur, Andrew R. Clark
Summary: Glucocorticoids, such as dexamethasone, have been widely used to treat inflammatory diseases. This study investigated the effects of dexamethasone on the response of mouse macrophages to lipopolysaccharide, a pro-inflammatory stimulant. The results showed that dexamethasone strongly inhibited the antimicrobial response and expression of interferon beta (IFN beta) by macrophages. Proteomic data also revealed down-regulation of several interferon-induced antimicrobial factors. These findings highlight the complex nature of the macrophage type I interferon signaling pathway.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Sylvie M. A. Quiniou, Jonathan Crider, Kristianna L. Felch, Eva Bengten, Pierre Boudinot
Summary: In this study, we identified the complete repertoire of IFNs and IFN receptor genes in channel catfish. We found 16 type I IFN genes representing six previously defined subgroups, as well as two type II IFN genes and their respective receptors. Our findings provide a comprehensive resource for future research on the innate antiviral immunity of channel catfish.
FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Yu-Qing Lu, Jing Wu, Xiang-Ji Wu, Hui Ma, Yan-Xiu Ma, Rong Zhang, Meng-Nan Su, Nan Wu, Gong-Yin Chen, Hong-Song Chen, Xiao-Ben Pan
Summary: Research shows that IFI16 plays a role in sensing HBV infection and early changes in IFI16 mRNA in PBMCs can predict HBeAg seroconversion. Additionally, interferons can influence IFI16 degradation and subcellular location.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Sam Drury, Grace Claussen, Allison Zetterman, Hideaki Moriyama, Etsuko N. N. Moriyama, Luwen Zhang
Summary: The study identified the existence of the IRF9 gene in cartilaginous fish and discovered unique isoforms of IRF9 in old world monkeys and great apes. These isoforms, named primate-specific IRF9 (PS-IRF9), have a different C-terminal region compared to canonical IRF9. Two PS-IRF9s were found in humans, and their RNA transcripts and proteins were detected. PS-IRF9 may have unique biological functions and be involved in the regulation of the IFN pathway in a primate-specific manner.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Jing-Ping Huang, Jing Li, Yan-Ping Xiao, Liang-Guo Xu
Summary: Our research reveals that BAG6 is a critical regulator in the RIG-I/VISA-mediated innate immune response. It inhibits the aggregation of VISA and attenuates the recruitment of TRAF2, thereby inhibiting the activation of the RLR signaling pathway.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Elisabet Diaz-Beneitez, Liliana Lilibeth Cubas-Gaona, Oscar Candelas-Rivera, Ana Benito-Zafra, Maria Teresa Sanchez-Aparicio, Lisa Miorin, Jose F. Rodriguez, Adolfo Garcia-Sastre, Dolores Rodriguez
Summary: Infectious Bursal Disease Virus (IBDV) is an immunosuppressive disease that affects domestic chickens. This study found that TRIM25 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of IBDV by enhancing the activation of IFN-inducing pathway mediated by MDA5.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Michelle Felicia Lee, Guan Zhong Voon, Hui Xuan Lim, Mun Lok Chua, Chit Laa Poh
Summary: Dengue is a mosquito-borne disease that poses significant public health concerns in tropical and subtropical countries. The dengue virus has evolved various strategies to manipulate the host's immune responses, and miRNAs and DENV non-structural proteins (NS) are promising targets for anti-dengue therapeutics.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Sourav Basu, Sandip Middya, Monali Banerjee, Rajib Ghosh, David C. C. Pryde, Dharmendra B. B. Yadav, Ritesh Shrivastava, Arjun Surya
Summary: STING activation for enhanced antigen recognition is being tested in cancer patients. Newly discovered STING agonists based on 3,4-dihydroquinazolin-2(1H)-one show high potency in activating all known human variants of STING.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Brendan Antiochos, Livia Casciola-Rosen
Summary: Interferon (IFN) is an important part of the innate immune response and is upregulated in several rheumatic diseases, particularly those with autoantibody production. Many of the autoantigens targeted in these diseases are components of the IFN system, including IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs), pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), and modulators of the IFN response. This review also discusses the presence of anti-IFN autoantibodies in immunodeficiency states.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Sophie A. I. Sanford, Lauren V. C. Miller, Marina Vaysburd, Sophie Keeling, Benjamin J. Tuck, Jessica Clark, Michal Neumann, Victoria Syanda, Leo C. James, William A. Mcewan
Summary: This study demonstrates the critical role of IFN-I in promoting tau aggregation, suggesting IFN-I as a potential therapeutic target in Alzheimer's disease and other tauopathies.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Article
Virology
Jie Wang, Xiao Qin, Yulu Huang, Ge Zhang, Yue Liu, Yuhan Cui, Yi Wang, Jinyong Pei, Shujun Ma, Zhishan Song, Xiaofei Zhu, Hui Wang, Bo Yang
Summary: In this study, it was found that Sirt1 interacts with IFI16 and regulates IFI16-mediated innate host defense. Sirt1 decreases the acetylation of IFI16, inhibiting its cytoplasmic localization and antiviral response against DNA viruses. Interestingly, Sirt1 has minimal interaction with the murine ortholog of IFI16, p204. Rating: 7/10
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Caixia Qiao, Fan Huang, Jiuyi He, Qiuyu Wu, Zhijin Zheng, Tingting Zhang, Ying Miao, Yukang Yuan, Xiangjie Chen, Qian Du, Yang Xu, Depei Wu, Zhengyuan Yu, Hui Zheng
Summary: Skp2 plays multiple roles in malignant tumors, including negatively regulating IFN-I-mediated antiviral activity. It interacts with IFNAR2 and promotes its degradation, leading to inhibition of IFN-I signaling and antiviral activity. Ceftazidime, an antibiotic, was found to repress Skp2 and enhance IFNAR2 stability and antiviral activity.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Mengmeng Zhao, Huawei Li, Hang Zhang, Huiyang Sha, Liangzong Huang, Ruining Wang
Summary: The study found that TRIM4 in Macaca mulatta plays an important role in the immune pathway, enhancing immune activity by up-regulating the expression levels of interferons and other related genes, as well as increasing the activity of specific reporter genes. This is of great significance for studying the immune characteristics of monkey and human diseases.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Akash D. Parekh, James E. Bates, Robert J. Amdur
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY-CANCER CLINICAL TRIALS
(2020)
Article
Oncology
Akash D. Parekh, Matthew M. Culbert, Jeffrey V. Brower, George Q. Yang, Daniel W. Golden, Robert J. Amdur
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS
(2020)
Article
Oncology
Kenneth D. Westover, J. Travis Mendel, Tu Dan, Kiran Kumar, Ang Gao, Suprabha Pulipparacharuv, Puneeth Iyengar, Lucien Nedzi, Raquibul Hannan, John Anderson, Kevin S. Choe, Wen Jiang, Ramzi Abdulrahman, Asal Rahimi, Michael Folkert, Aaron Laine, Chase Presley, C. Munro Cullum, Hak Choy, Chul Ahn, Robert Timmerman
Article
Oncology
James E. Bates, Akash Parekh, Chelain R. Goodman, Mudit Chowdhary, Matthew M. Culbert, Trevor J. Royce, Robert J. Amdur
Summary: This study analyzed the employment outcomes of radiation oncology residents in 2019 and found that most graduates chose to work in counties within major metropolitan areas, with only a small proportion working in nonmetropolitan areas. Graduates of smaller programs and those in smaller metropolitan areas were more likely to work in similar settings but might not do so locally.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Kiran A. Kumar, Katy E. Balazy, Paulina M. Gutkin, Clare E. Jacobson, Jie Jane Chen, Jamie J. Karl, Rie von Eyben, Kathleen C. Horst
Summary: The study shows that patient education videos significantly increase patient confidence in knowledge of radiation therapy, reduce anxiety, and improve satisfaction. Patients in the video group performed better in terms of knowledge and comfort, while those in the no-video group expressed a desire for access to relevant video education.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS
(2021)
Review
Oncology
John A. Marsiglio, David M. Rosenberg, Michael K. Rooney, Chelain R. Goodman, Erin F. Gillespie, Ariel E. Hirsch, Emma B. Holliday, Randall J. Kimple, Charles R. Thomas Jr, Daniel W. Golden
Summary: The study investigated the state of mentorship in radiation oncology and found that mentorship initiatives were successful in promoting career development and increasing professional satisfaction. The most commonly described form of mentorship was the dyad, and the most commonly mentored participants were residents and medical students. Future scholarship has rich opportunities to further develop, evaluate, and disseminate radiation oncology mentorship initiatives.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Benjamin E. Onderdonk, Paige L. Dorn, Carlos Martinez, Fauzia Arif, Denise Cloutier, Tatjana Antic, Daniel W. Golden, Theodore Karrison, Sean P. Pitroda, Russell Z. Szmulewitz, Stanley L. Liauw
Summary: The study compared oral ADT with standard ADT in the treatment of PCa undergoing RT, showing that oral ADT may improve 6-month QOL and have a similar impact on androgen-responsive gene expression.
Article
Plant Sciences
Laura Helena Caicedo-Lopez, Ramon Gerardo Guevara-Gonzalez, Juan E. Andrade, Adolfo Esquivel-Delgado, Andres Esteban Perez-Matzumoto, Irineo Torres-Pacheco, Luis Miguel Contreras-Medina
Summary: Specific vibration frequencies can enhance plant fitness performance and mimic plant signals, affecting plant responses. Categorizing different vibration signals as Acoustic Emission Patterns (AEP) to simulate low, medium, and high hydric stress conditions on plants.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
James E. Bates, Nikhil G. Thaker, Akash Parekh, Trevor J. Royce
Summary: This study examines the geographic distribution of radiation oncologists in the United States and finds disparities in access to brachytherapy, with metropolitan counties more likely to have access compared to non-metropolitan counties.
Article
Oncology
Akash D. Parekh, Daniel J. Indelicato, Bradford S. Hoppe, Raymond B. Mailhot Vega, Ronny L. Rotondo, Julie A. Bradley
Summary: This study investigated disease control and pneumonitis in children requiring hemithorax radiation. The results showed that existing guidelines may overestimate pneumonitis risk, even among young children receiving multiagent chemotherapy. More data are needed to refine pediatric dose-effect models for pulmonary toxicity in children with chest wall Ewing sarcoma and other thoracic malignancies.
PEDIATRIC BLOOD & CANCER
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Grace C. Blitzer, Akash D. Parekh, Shuai Chen, Kekoa Taparra, Jenna M. Kahn, Emma C. Fields, John M. Stahl, Stephen A. Rosenberg, John M. Buatti, Anna M. Laucis, Yichu Wang, David L. Mayhew, Andrew M. McDonald, Paul M. Harari, Jeffrey Brower
Summary: The study found that lack of exposure to radiation oncology education was a major factor in deterring medical students from pursuing the field, while concerns about the job market were the primary reason for students who were once interested but chose not to pursue the specialty. Low pass rates for board examinations and perceived lack of diversity had minimal influence on students' decisions.
ADVANCES IN RADIATION ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Akash D. Parekh, Daniel J. Indelicato, Raymond B. Mailhot Vega, Ronny L. Rotondo, Christopher G. Morris, Scott Bradfield, Julie A. Bradley
Summary: In infants with rhabdomyosarcoma undergoing proton therapy, the 5-year local control rate, progression-free survival rate, and overall survival rate were 83%, 78%, and 83% respectively. The study found that patients with nasal ala primaries had a higher rate of late recurrence, and categorizing them as unfavorable sites can improve treatment outcomes.
RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Hematology
Akash Parekh, Frank G. Keller, Kathleen M. McCarten, Sandy Kessel, Steve Cho, Qinglin Pei, Yue Wu, Sharon M. Castellino, Louis S. Constine, Cindy L. Schwartz, David Hodgson, Kara M. Kelly, Bradford S. Hoppe
Summary: The COG trial AHOD0431 aimed to improve the outcome of pediatric classic Hodgkin lymphoma by reducing systemic therapy and utilizing response-adapted involved-field radiotherapy (IFRT). The study found that the PET1 response after 1 cycle of chemotherapy had a significant impact on the efficacy of IFRT and the pattern of relapse.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Dustin J. Wcisel, Alex Dornburg, Sean C. McConnell, Kyle M. Hernandez, Jorge Andrade, Jill L. O. de Jong, Gary W. Litman, Jeffrey A. Yoder
Summary: Multiple novel immunoglobulin-like transcripts (NILTs) have been identified in salmon, trout, and carp, but a definitive framework of NILT diversity is still lacking. In this study, the researchers identified five NILT loci in the Atlantic salmon genome, defined 86 NILT Ig domains in zebrafish chromosome 1, and described 41 NILT Ig domains in an alternative haplotype for the same genomic region. They found an unprecedented diversity of Ig domain sequences and combinations for NILTs within a single species. The results suggest that this gene family likely plays multiple roles in host immunity.
Article
Oncology
Hannah Ayettey Anie, Joel Yarney, Olutobi Sanuade, Shivanshu Awasthi, Tom Akuetteh Ndanu, Akash D. Parekh, Charles Aidoo, Mary Ann Dadzie, Verna Vanderpuye, Kosj Yamoah
Summary: In a retrospective cohort study conducted at Korle Bu Teaching Hospital in Ghana, 388 women with breast cancer were followed for a median of 48 months. The study found no significant difference in outcomes between neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) and adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer patients, but NACT recipients may have a higher likelihood of distant recurrence.
JCO GLOBAL ONCOLOGY
(2021)
