Review
Neurosciences
Christine Stubbendorff, Carl W. Stevenson
Summary: Research has shown that dopamine plays a crucial role in regulating various contextual fear processes, although the related neurochemical mechanisms are still not fully understood. Understanding how dopamine regulates contextual fear can provide novel insights into the neurochemical modulation of neural circuit function underlying memory processing.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shuai-Wen Teng, Xin-Rong Wang, Bio-Wen Du, Xiao-Lin Chen, Guan-Zhou Fu, Yun-Fei Liu, Shu-Qi Xu, Jia-Chen Shuai, Zhe-Yu Chen
Summary: This study found that fear memory is primarily expressed in the prelimbic cortex and basolateral amygdala, and the regulation and transformation of fear memory are influenced by the reactivation of original engrams. In addition, memory updating also leads to overlapping between fear and extinction cells, and alters the encoding of original fear engrams. This research provides the first evidence for the overlapping ensembles between fear and extinction cells, and the functional reorganization of original engrams underlying conditioned stimulus- and unconditioned stimulus-initiated memory updating.
Article
Psychology, Biological
Ben Turley, Adam P. Swiercz, Laxmi Iyer, Paul J. Marvar
Summary: A customizable software program was developed for Ponemah to assess the internal physiological state of animals in real-time, providing valuable insights into mechanisms of neuropsychiatric diseases.
PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Lia P. Iglesias, Heliana B. Fernandes, Aline S. de Miranda, Malena M. Perez, Lucia H. Faccioli, Carlos A. Sorgi, Leandro J. Bertoglio, Daniele C. Aguiar, Carsten T. Wotjak, Fabricio A. Moreira
Summary: This study found that hippocampal TRPV1 channels play a role in the modulation of fear memories. Endocannabinoid signaling may mediate the effects of TRPV1 blockers. The intensity of the aversive stimulus affects the regulation of fear memories by TRPV1 channels. TRPV1 blockers also promote the transcription of specific genes, leading to a decrease in fear memory reinstatement.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Marilia de Almeida Silva, Thais Seghese de Toledo, Rebeca Machado de Figueiredo, Christie Ramos Andrade Leite-Panissi, Joseph P. Huston, Norberto Cysne Coimbra, Claudia Mattern, Milene Cristina de Carvalho
Summary: Fear extinction (FExt) is used for patients with PTSD, but fear can persist. The study investigated the role of DA on D2 receptors in promoting FExt, and the effects of IN-DA on conditioned fear-induced antinociception. IN-DA showed potential as a pharmacological tool for PTSD therapy.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Khadijah Shanazz, Rachael Dixon-Melvin, Rebecca Nalloor, Riya Thumar, Almira I. Vazdarjanova
Summary: According to animal experiments, there are differences in the expression of fear memories between female and male rats. Female rats tend to express fear memories through active motor responses, which is referred to as "Anxioescapic" behavior strategy. There is no significant difference in fear learning between female and male rats.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Annalisa Lipp, Beray Macit, Marcella L. Woud, Ekrem Dere, Armin Zlomuzica
Summary: The present study aimed to establish an online de novo conditioning paradigm for the measurement of conditioned disgust responses. The effects of explicit instructions about the CS-UCS contingency on extinction learning and retrieval of conditioned disgust responses were explored. The results showed successful acquisition of conditioned disgust response and a detrimental effect of contingency instructions on long-term extinction retrieval.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Mandy Rita LeCocq, Sophie Sun, Nadia Chaudhri
Summary: This study examines the reinstatement of conditioned responding elicited by an appetitive conditioned stimulus (CS) through re-exposure to an unconditioned stimulus (US) and finds that the reinstatement is driven by an excitatory association formed between the US and the context in which the US was ingested.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Christian J. Merz, Oliver T. Wolf
Summary: Stress hormones have an impact on the processing of fear, anxiety, and related memory mechanisms. Recent laboratory findings highlight the timing-dependent effects of stress on extinction learning and retrieval. This has implications for clinical intervention approaches, such as exposure therapy, and the administration of stress hormone cortisol.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Stuart A. Williams, Miriam Gwilt, Rebecca Hock, Charlotte Taylor, Joanna Loayza, Carl W. Stevenson, Helen J. Cassaday, Tobias Bast
Summary: The neural disinhibition in the hippocampus disrupts fear conditioning and salience modulation, which are impaired in schizophrenia. This may be attributed to the disruption in neural processing within the hippocampus and its projection sites.
Article
Psychology, Biological
Yury Lages, Silvia S. Maisonnette, Flavia P. Rosseti, J. Landeira-Fernandez
Summary: The study found that CLF rats were unable to consolidate aversive memories and were unresponsive to extinction, while CHF rats still exhibited a large freezing response to contextual cues but were susceptible to extinction. These findings contribute to validating CHF rats as a model of trait anxiety and provide insights for evaluating exposure protocols to ameliorate excessive levels of context-conditioned fear.
LEARNING AND MOTIVATION
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Yosif Zaki, William Mau, Christine Cincotta, Amy Monasterio, Emma Odom, Emily Doucette, Stephanie L. Grella, Emily Merfeld, Monika Shpokayte, Steve Ramirez
Summary: This study found that fear memories are formed and extinguished through the involvement of the hippocampus and amygdala in mice. During fear relapse, the cells that were active during fear conditioning are re-engaged. Inactivating these cell ensembles disrupts fear expression after relapse, while stimulating them after extinction cannot mimic fear relapse.
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Franklin B. Krasne, Raphael Zinn, Bryce Vissel, Michael S. Fanselow
Summary: The study focuses on the extinction of contextual fear in exposure therapy for fear disorders, introducing a new neurocomputational model BaconX. The model explains how contextual representations are formed and associated with fear, and predicts factors influencing successful extinction, such as session length and context change.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Erin E. Koffman, Charles M. Kruse, Kritika Singh, Farzaneh Sadat Naghavi, Melissa A. Curtis, Jennifer Egbo, Mark Houdi, Boren Lin, Hui Lu, Jacek Debiec, Jianyang Du
Summary: Recent research has shown that the activation of acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) can strengthen the specific memory trace associated with memory reconsolidation, thus increasing the lability of threat memory.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Iulia Zoicas, Johannes Kornhuber
Summary: Acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) regulates fear learning and the expression of contextual fear in a sex-specific manner, but does not affect the expression of cued fear.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Lucas Aschidamini Marcondes, Eduarda Godfried Nachtigall, Andre Zanluchi, Jociane de Carvalho Myskiw, Ivan Izquierdo, Cristiane Regina Guerino Furini
NEUROBIOLOGY OF LEARNING AND MEMORY
(2020)
Article
Neurosciences
Cristiane R. G. Furini, Eduarda G. Nachtigall, Jonny A. K. Behling, Eduardo S. Assis Brasil, Bruna F. Saenger, Rodrigo F. Narvaes, Jociane de Carvalho Myskiw, Ivan Izquierdo
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Scheila Daiane Schmidt, Alessia Costa, Barbara Rani, Eduarda Godfried Nachtigall, Maria Beatrice Passani, Fabrizio Carta, Alessio Nocentini, Jociane de Carvalho Myskiw, Cristiane Regina Guerino Furini, Claudiu T. Supuran, Ivan Izquierdo, Patrizio Blandina, Gustavo Provensi
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2020)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Scheila Daiane Schmidt, Carolina Garrido Zinn, Jonny Anderson Kielbovicz Behling, Ana Flavia Furian, Cristiane Regina Guerino Furini, Jociane de Carvalho Myskiw, Ivan Izquierdo
Summary: Social recognition memory is crucial for social relationships and deficits in psychiatric disorders may result from alterations in SRM processing by the hippocampus and amygdala. PACAP, a neuropeptide that modulates synaptic function and social behavior, could play a key role in these mechanisms.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF LEARNING AND MEMORY
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Rodrigo F. Narvaes, Cristiane R. G. Furini
Summary: Wnt pathways have been consistently associated with key features of cellular development and memory formation. The canonical and non-canonical pathways play crucial roles in processes related to memory, as well as potential treatments for Alzheimer's disease. Understanding these pathways may lead to better insights into neurobiological and pathological processes.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF LEARNING AND MEMORY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Lucas A. Marcondes, Jociane De C. Myskiw, Eduarda G. Nachtigall, Rodrigo F. Narvaes, Ivan Izquierdo, Cristiane R. G. Furini
Summary: The prelimbic cortex (PrL) is crucial for encoding and expressing contextual fear memory. Protein kinase M zeta (PKM zeta) has been shown to maintain memories by inhibiting the endocytosis of GluA2-containing AMPA receptors. This study found that acute inhibition of GluA2-dependent AMPAR endocytosis in the PrL does not affect recent or remote contextual fear memory maintenance. However, inhibition of PKM zeta in the PrL at a remote time point disrupts contextual fear memory maintenance, which can be prevented by blocking GluA2-dependent removal of AMPARs.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Augusto F. Uberti, Natalia Callai-Silva, Matheus V. C. Grahl, Angela R. Piovesan, Eduarda G. Nachtigall, Cristiane R. G. Furini, Celia Regina Carlini
Summary: Alzheimer's disease (AD) causes dementia and memory loss in the elderly. Research suggests a possible association between Helicobacter pylori infection and tauopathies such as AD, potentially mediated by the bacterium's urease enzyme.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Scheila Daiane Schmidt, Eduarda Godfried Nachtigall, Lucas Aschidamini Marcondes, Andre Prime Zanluchi, Cristiane R. G. Furini, Maria Beatrice Passani, Claudiu T. Supuran, Patrizio Blandina, Ivan Izquierdo, Gustavo Provensi, Jociane De Carvalho Myskiw
Summary: Growing evidence suggests that brain carbonic anhydrases (CAs) play a crucial role in cognition, particularly in social recognition and memory. This study investigated the effects of CAs activation and inhibition in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex on short-term and long-term social recognition memory in rats. The results demonstrate the importance of CAs in modulating social recognition memory, with differential effects observed in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Rodrigo F. Narvaes, Eduarda G. Nachtigall, Lucas A. Marcondes, Ivan Izquierdo, Jociane de C. Myskiw, Cristiane R. G. Furini
Summary: This study found that both the canonical Wnt/β-catenin and non-canonical Wnt/Ca2+ signaling pathways are involved in fear memory retrieval, highlighting the importance of the medial prefrontal cortex in this process.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Jessica Rosa, Jociane de Carvalho Myskiw, Natalia Gindri Fiorenza, Cristiane Regina Guerino Furini, Gerson Guilherme Sapiras, Ivan Izquierdo
Summary: This study explores the role of the hippocampal cholinergic system and mTOR in memory formation and extinction processes. The results demonstrate a dose-dependent effect of cholinergic receptor agonists on extinction memory, and the involvement of muscarinic receptors in the hippocampus independent of mTOR in this memory process.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Ana Karla Oliveira Leite, Clarissa Penha Farias, Bianca Estefani Schmidt, Lucas Teixeira, Alessandra Schmitt Rieder, Cristiane R. G. Furini, Angela T. S. Wyse
Summary: This study investigated the effects of acute strength exercise on memory consolidation and found that exercise can promote the consolidation of weak memory. This effect is dependent on the activation of NMDA-receptors, and exercise also modulates the overexpression of BDNF and synapsin I through the activation of NMDA-receptors.