Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Aidan M. C. Couzens, Karen E. Sears, Martin Rucklin
Summary: The study investigates how development influenced the early dental evolution in placental mammals, focusing on the transition from a triangular upper molar to a more complex upper molar with a rectangular cusp pattern. Through simulations, researchers found that increased self-regulation of molecular activator led to accelerated evolutionary increases in enamel knot number, creating a lateral knot arrangement. They also suggest that relatively small changes in activation superimposed on ancestral molar growth pattern could recreate key changes in cusps, influencing the divergence of placental molar dentition.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Yujie Wang, Gang Zhou, Tianhao Guan, Yan Wang, Chenxu Xuan, Tao Ding, Jie Gao
Summary: This study proposes a network-regularized sparse orthogonal-regularized joint non-negative matrix factorization (NSOJNMF) algorithm to explore RNA expression patterns and potential molecular mechanisms of cancer. By applying this algorithm, ceRNA co-modules of liver cancer and colon cancer are identified, and enrichment analysis shows their close association with cancer occurrence and development. In addition, potential biological associations among RNA molecules are discovered through the constructed ceRNA networks.
BRIEFINGS IN BIOINFORMATICS
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Hongjun Tan, Zhiling Guo, Haoran Zhang, Qi Chen, Zhenjia Lin, Yuntian Chen, Jinyue Yan
Summary: This paper proposes an improved approach using deep learning methods to accurately segment PV panels from remote sensing images by incorporating common features and a constraint refinement module (CRM). Different CRMs embedded in the refined initial segment modules improve the detection IoU of PV panels by up to 7.44%. The best CRM-integrated model achieves an IoU of 74.66% when segmenting PV panels, providing a promising solution for remote sensing image-based PV plate segmentation tasks.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ke Yan, Ruizhi Chen, Guangyi Guo, Liang Chen
Summary: This paper introduces a multi-module BLE broadcaster-based indoor positioning solution that utilizes a tightly coupled fusion architecture. By integrating ranging measurements from multiple BLE broadcasters and accelerometer measurements from a smartphone, the solution provides instant positioning without the need for a training phase. The proposed method achieves high accuracy and short time to first fix in terms of horizontal error distance in indoor environments.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mariel Young, Daniel Richard, Mark Grabowski, Benjamin M. Auerbach, Bernadette S. de Bakker, Jaco Hagoort, Pushpanathan Muthuirulan, Vismaya Kharkar, Helen K. Kurki, Lia Betti, Lyena Birkenstock, Kristi L. Lewton, Terence D. Capellini
Summary: In this study, researchers used functional genomics to investigate the developmental genetic mechanisms of human pelvic shape and identified a key gestational window when human-specific morphology becomes recognizable. They found evidence of ancient selection and genetic constraint on regulatory sequences involved in ilium expansion and growth, and showed that variation in iliac traits is reduced in humans compared to African apes.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Guangming Liu, Bo Liu, Aimin Li, Xiaofan Wang, Jian Yu, Xuezhong Zhou
Summary: Protein-protein interaction networks serve as powerful platforms to understand cellular organization principles, with the discovery of protein complexes enhancing the comprehension of biological functions. Computational algorithms, like non-negative matrix tri-factorization, aid in identifying protein complexes but face challenges such as false interactions in PPI networks.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Xiangrong Zhang, Shunli Tian, Guanchun Wang, Xu Tang, Jie Feng, Licheng Jiao
Summary: This article proposes a cascade spectral-aware transformer for hyperspectral image change detection. By introducing temporal-spatial transformer and spectral-aware transformer to enhance the time correlation of feature extraction and sequence properties of spectral features. Experimental results demonstrate that this method achieves the best performance on multiple datasets.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Haofeng Zhang, Haoyue Bai, Yang Long, Li Liu, Ling Shao
Summary: This paper proposes a Generic Plug-in Attribute Correction (GPAC) module to solve the Generalized Zero-shot Learning problem, achieving state-of-the-art performance on GZSL tasks through preserving original meanings of attributes and introducing a novel nonnegative constraint. Extensive experiments on multiple datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
PATTERN RECOGNITION
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Wangxiao Xia, Hui Jiang, Huifang Guo, Yaowen Liu, Xingchun Gou
Summary: In this study, we systematically analyzed the gene co-expression network of the moon jellyfish (Aurelia aurita) during its life cycle, and identified 35 relevant modules and hub genes for each stage. These hub genes are believed to play important roles in the developmental processes of the jellyfish, enhancing our understanding of its life cycle.
Article
Biology
Shahar Avin, Adrian Currie, Stephen H. Montgomery
Summary: Vertebrate brain structure shows both consistent scaling between components and divergence from general trends. Different hypotheses explain these patterns, emphasizing external processes such as selection or internal processes like developmental coupling. The study introduces an agent-based model to simulate brain evolution and examines the relationships between variables shaping brain evolution.
Article
Robotics
Song Guiling, Zhang Jingyi, Xue Feng, Lu Ru, Yang Qin, Ming Anlong
Summary: Visual tracking is crucial in computer vision, with Siamese-based trackers showing surprising effectiveness. However, issues like feature fusion, distractor suppression, and limitations in redetection schemes have been neglected. A novel multilevel feature-weighted tracker is proposed to address these issues, achieving state-of-art performance on popular benchmarks.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED ROBOTIC SYSTEMS
(2021)
Article
Evolutionary Biology
Alissa M. Williams, Thi Minh Ngo, Veronica E. Figueroa, Ann T. Tate
Summary: The pressure to survive pathogen exposure drives the fast evolution of immune genes, but some immune genes are also under purifying selection. This study found that immune genes involved in both developmental and immunological functions evolve more slowly and have stronger evolutionary constraint, particularly those expressed across different life stages.
GENOME BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Software Engineering
Yadang Chen, Duolin Wang, Zhiguo Chen, Zhi-Xin Yang, Enhua Wu
Summary: We propose a lightweight and efficient semi-supervised video object segmentation network based on the space-time memory framework. Our model achieves high-performance, real-time segmentation by integrating multi-frame image information without increased memory usage. The spatial constraint module effectively alleviates mismatching of similar targets. Our model achieves state-of-the-art results on various datasets.
COMPUTATIONAL VISUAL MEDIA
(2023)
Article
Biology
Mohammad Alfatah, Jin Huei Wong, Vidhya Gomathi Krishnan, Yong Cheow Lee, Quan Feng Sin, Corinna Jie Hui Goh, Kiat Whye Kong, Wei Ting Lee, Jacqueline Lewis, Shawn Hoon, Prakash Arumugam
Summary: TORC1 is a vital protein complex that regulates cellular growth and development through the presence of glucose and nutrients. Research has shown that TORC1 orchestrates the expression of glucose-responsive genes via the Tap42-Sit4-Rrd1/2 pathway and plays a crucial role in yeast spore germination.
Article
Cell Biology
Zeeshan A. Syed, Romano Dallai, Negar Nasirzadeh, Julie A. Brill, Patrick M. O'Grady, Siyuan Cong, Ethan M. Leef, Sarah Rice, Amaar Asif, Stephanie Nguyen, Matthew M. Hansen, Steve Dorus, Scott Pitnick
Summary: Postcopulatory sexual selection plays a significant role in driving the rapid evolution of reproductive traits, leading to correlated evolution between sperm length and female sperm-storage organ dimension. Research in Drosophila has unveiled a novel spermatogenic mechanism, sperm cyst looping, which allows males to produce relatively long sperm in short testes. This evolutionary innovation removes the allometric constraint on sperm length, enabling males to evolve extremely long sperm while evading delays in reproductive maturation time.