Review
Cell Biology
Pau Casanova-Ferrer, Javier Munoz-Garcia, Saul Ares
Summary: In this review, existing theoretical models of nitrogen-fixing cell differentiation in filamentous cyanobacteria are systematically reviewed, and the virtues and shortcomings of different approaches are compared.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Agastya P. Bhati, S. Goyal, Ram Yadav, N. Sathyamurthy
Summary: The alternating bands of violet and white color in the matured flowers of Passiflora incarnata arise from competition between violet colored anthocyanin and colorless flavonols on the filaments. The formation of concentric rings in the flower can be explained using the activator-inhibitor model of Gierer and Meinhardt along with Turing's reaction diffusion theory.
JOURNAL OF BIOSCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Sol Fernandez M. Arancibia, Andrew C. Oates, Stefan Schulte-Merker, Luis G. Morelli
Summary: The paper presents a reaction wavefront theory to explain the patterning of the notochord in zebrafish. The theory suggests that the pattern is generated by an activator-inhibitor reaction-diffusion mechanism, with cues from the paraxial mesoderm playing a crucial role. The study reveals that the velocity and shape of the reaction wavefront can affect the quality of the pattern, with different defect types associated with different wavelengths.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSICS
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yanan Liu, Canwei Wang, Jifa Li, Jiandong Zhu, Chengguang Zhao, Huanhai Xu
Summary: FGFR4, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed in many cancer types, especially in relation to FGF19. Abnormal FGFR4 production explains cancer formation, making this receptor a potential target for inhibiting cancer development.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sandra Weiss, Ramona S. Adolph, Kristian Schweimer, Andrea DiFonzo, Marat Meleshin, Mike Schutkowski, Clemens Steegborn
Summary: Sirt1, an important protein deacylase, is regulated by the interaction with the regulator protein AROS. AROS acts as a competitive inhibitor, inhibiting the activity of Sirt1. The findings provide molecular insights into the physiological regulation of Sirt1 and potential opportunities for drug development.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biology
Gregoire Nadin, Eric Ogier-Denis, Ana Toledo, Hatem Zaag
Summary: Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disease with a patchy inflammatory pattern that is not well understood. A toy-model introduced in this study explains the appearance of such patterns through a reaction-diffusion system involving bacteria and phagocyte, demonstrating the occurrence of Turing-type instabilities. This study is the first to investigate Turing patterns in inflammatory models.
JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Shanshan Chen, Junping Shi, Guohong Zhang
Summary: The study explores the stability of a constant steady state in a general reaction-diffusion model with nonlocal dispersal of activator or inhibitor, and finds that Turing instability and spatial patterns can be induced by fast nonlocal inhibitor dispersal and slow activator diffusion. It also shows that slow nonlocal activator dispersal causes instability without producing stable spatial patterns. The existence of nonconstant positive steady states is demonstrated through bifurcation theory, suggesting a new mechanism for spatial pattern formation different from the traditional Turing mechanism. The theoretical results are applied to pattern formation problems in nonlocal water-plant and predator-prey models.
DISCRETE AND CONTINUOUS DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS-SERIES B
(2021)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Yukiko Asano, Takayuki Iwaki, Kazuo Umemura, Naohiro Kanayama, Hiroaki Itoh
Summary: The study showed that fibrin had no effect on mouse blastocysts, but significantly suppressed trophoblast growth in human blastocysts. However, trophoblasts in human blastocysts then switched to growth promotion through increased fibrinolysis with urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) activity.
HUMAN REPRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Esra'a Abudouleh, Fatimah Alhamlan, Arwa A. Al-Qahtani, Marie Fe Bohol, Amal Al Hazzani, Khadija Khorfan, Morad Alkaff, Tarek Owaidah, Ahmed A. Al-Qahtani
Summary: This study investigated coagulation and fibrinolysis parameters in COVID-19 patients and their association with disease severity. The results showed significantly elevated levels of thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor, fibrinogen, and tissue plasminogen activator in severe patients. Additionally, patients in the ICU had significantly higher levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, tissue plasminogen activator, and thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor. These coagulation markers can serve as suitable prognostic indicators for hypofibrinolysis.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Claire S. Whyte, Hadj Ahmed. Mostefai, Kim M. Baeten, Andrew J. Lucking, David E. Newby, Nuala A. Booth, Nicola J. Mutch
Summary: The resolution of arterial thrombi relies on the endogenous fibrinolytic system. tPA primarily localizes to the thrombus head in a free and active form. Thrombi formed under high shear conditions are more resistant to fibrinolysis due to less tPA and increased PAI-1 concentrations.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Shumin Ouyang, Qiyi Zhang, Linlin Lou, Kai Zhu, Zeyu Li, Peiqing Liu, Xiaolei Zhang
Summary: Reprogramming of cellular energy metabolism is an emerging feature of cancer, and SIRT3 plays a crucial role in regulating mitochondrial energy metabolism. The functions of SIRT3 vary in different types of cancer, showing specificity, and it plays a unique role by mediating interactions between mitochondria and intracellular signaling. The study of activators and inhibitors of SIRT3 contributes to a better understanding of its mechanisms and provides new strategies for cancer treatment.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Matthieu Genestine, Daisy Ambriz, Gregg W. Crabtree, Patrick Dummer, Anna Molotkova, Michael Quintero, Angeliki Mela, Saptarshi Biswas, Huijuan Feng, Chaolin Zhang, Peter Canoll, Gunnar Hargus, Dritan Agalliu, Joseph A. Gogos, Edmund Au
Summary: Cortical interneurons are inhibitory neurons in the brain cortex, and studies have shown that brain vasculature plays a critical role in regulating interneuron migration and maturation in both mice and humans.
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Xiaoli Wang, Guohong Zhang
Summary: This paper investigates the impact of nonlocal diffusion and dispersal spread on bifurcations of an activator-inhibitor system. It is found that spatially inhomogeneous patterns exist under certain conditions, and the model supports a larger parameter region for pattern formations compared to other models. Additionally, the study explores the existence of nonconstant positive steady states through bifurcation theory and identifies finite or infinite steady state bifurcation points in the system. As illustrated by a water-biomass model, the distributions of water and plants may exhibit inphase or antiphase patterns.
DISCRETE AND CONTINUOUS DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS-SERIES B
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Kirstin Meiners, Prisca Hamm, Marcus Gutmann, Jan Niedens, Agnieszka Nowak-Krol, Salvador Pane, Tessa Luehmann
Summary: The study developed three polyethylene glycol (PEG)ylated tPA bioconjugates based on the recombinant human tPA drug Alteplase using site-specific conjugation strategies. These bioconjugates showed improved proteolytic activity, slower inhibition kinetics by PAI-1, and increased hydrodynamic size.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS AND BIOPHARMACEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Maria D. Valls, Maria Soldado, Jorge Arasa, Miguel Perez-Aso, Adrienne J. Williams, Bruce N. Cronstein, M. Antonia Noguera, M. Carmen Terencio, M. Carmen Montesinos
Summary: Activation of adenosine A(2A) receptor can promote angiogenesis by increasing the expression of annexin A2 in human dermal microvascular endothelial cells, which enhances fibrinolysis and contributes to wound healing and tissue revascularization.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)