Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Timothy J. Sargeant, Julien Bensalem
Summary: Preclinical research suggests that autophagy could be modified to prevent age-related diseases in humans. Despite this, the translation of this knowledge into clinical practice has not yet been achieved. Measuring human autophagy capacity is crucial for this translation process.
TRENDS IN MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Nemanja Vujic, Ivan Bradic, Madeleine Goeritzer, Katharina B. Kuentzel, Silvia Rainer, Dagmar Kratky, Branislav Radovic
Summary: The study shows that loss of ATG5 results in depletion of LC3-II, while loss of ATG7 has no significant impact on LC3-PE conjugation. The level of LC3 lipidation in macrophages under inflammatory stimuli is determined by their metabolic status, with ATG7 playing a supportive but nonessential role.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Ahsan Naveed, Muhammad Ammar Naveed, Lubna Akram, Muhammad Sharif, Mun-Il Kang, Sang-Ik Park
Summary: This study identifies the reprogramming of lipogenic pathways in RVA-infected host cells, facilitated by SREBPs, to promote virus replication. SREBPs could be a potential target for developing therapeutics against RVA infection.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Cunhui Kong, Da Qing, Xinyue Su, Yingna Zhao, Jiansheng Wang, Xiongfeng Zeng
Summary: A green and simple approach was used to prepare a strontium titanate and graphite-like carbon nitride composite. The composite showed enhanced photoelectrochemical cathodic protection (PCP) performance and extended optical response range. The flower-like structure on the composite surface provided a large surface area and improved the ability to refract and utilize visible light. Furthermore, the heterojunction formed between strontium titanate and graphite-like carbon nitride improved the PCP performance of the composite.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yitao Liu, Minjie Xu, Zixu Yang, Xiaoxu Ding, Minghui Zhu, Yi-Fan Han
Summary: This study demonstrates the intrinsic nature of catalyst supports in the syngas to olefins process (STO). The Mg/Al ratio of the catalyst supports affects the adsorption/reactivity of CO and H2, as well as the selectivity to lower olefins and CO2. By using MgAl oxide as the support for Fe catalysts, the selectivity of CO2 can be suppressed while maintaining a high selectivity to C2-C4 olefins.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Douglas R. Green
Summary: The study reveals a non-canonical process in which ATG8 proteins can be ligated to phosphatidylserine, potentially leading to different consequences during autophagy.
TRENDS IN CELL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Giulia Cerrato, Carlota Alvarez-Lucena, Allan Sauvat, Yanhua Hu, Sabrina Forveille, Guo Chen, Sylvere Durand, Fanny Aprahamian, Marion Leduc, Omar Motino, Lisardo Bosca, Qingbo Xu, Oliver Kepp, Guido Kroemer
Summary: The autophagy-inducing compound 3,4-dimethoxychalcone (3,4-DC) has been identified to have a protective role in the development of atherosclerosis in different cell types and mouse models.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Virology
Sarah L. L. Nichols, Emil M. M. Nilsson, Heather Brown-Harding, Leslie E. W. LaConte, Julia Acker, Alexander Borodavka, Sarah McDonald Esstman
Summary: Many viruses, including rotaviruses (RVs), form subcellular factories known as viroplasms, where they replicate. The formation of viroplasms is facilitated by NSP2 and NSP5 proteins, but their cooperation is not fully understood. In this study, a mutant RV with reduced flexibility of NSP2 C-terminal region was engineered. The mutant RV formed smaller, more numerous viroplasms and exhibited delayed fusion kinetics compared to the wild-type virus. Furthermore, the mutant NSP2 protein had reduced capacity to induce liquid-liquid phase separation droplets in vitro. These findings highlight the importance of NSP2 C-terminal region flexibility in supporting RV factory formation.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Physiology
Jeanette M. Criglar, Mary K. Estes, Sue E. Crawford
Summary: Lipid droplets are targeted by rotaviruses for replication. The interaction between NSP2 and phospho-PLIN1 plays a role in the formation of lipid droplets. Understanding this process can help in studying virus replication.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Haohan Song, Chaoqing Dong, Jicun Ren
Summary: This study introduced a new method for real-time and quantitative monitoring of autophagosomes and assessing autophagic flux based on fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS). A parameter P-AP was proposed as an indicator to assess the basal autophagic activity and induced autophagic flux. This method shows high spatiotemporal resolution and very high sensitivity for autophagosomes in low EGFP-LC3B expressing cells and can be used in biological and medical studies, drug screening, and disease treatment.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ricci Erlandsen, Rasmus Tindal Dahm, Felix Trier, Mario Scuderi, Emiliano Di Gennaro, Alessia Sambri, Charline Kaisa Reffeldt Kirchert, Nini Pryds, Fabio Miletto Granozio, Thomas Sand Jespersen
Summary: This study reports the fabrication of freestanding oxide membranes with metallic conductivity and superconducting phases, which can be used to form devices on silicon substrates, indicating the potential for integrating oxide nanoelectronics with silicon-based architectures.
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Fen Yang, Xuan Wang, Jie Sun, Sijia Tan, Shizhe Zhou, Wenlong Tu, Xuexue Dong, Qicai Xiao, Fu Yang, Liqian Gao
Summary: Autophagy induced by nanomaterials has emerged as a promising pharmacological target for drug development and anti-cancer therapy. The researchers developed a highly-dispersed active cluster-like MnOx in nanosilica named MnO-MS, which could induce autophagy and selectively inhibit lung cancer cell growth with low cytotoxicity in normal cells. Mechanistic studies revealed that the active MnOx generated reactive oxygen species, leading to disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential and inhibition of the mTOR signaling pathways, ultimately resulting in cancer cell death. In vivo studies demonstrated that MnO-MS effectively inhibited tumor growth with minimal side effects, suggesting its potential as an autophagy inducer for lung cancer treatment.
BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Ning Li, Ruixue Zhu, Xiaoxing Cheng, Heng-Jui Liu, Zhangyuan Zhang, Yen-Lin Huang, Ying-Hao Chu, Long-Qing Chen, Yuichi Ikuhara, Peng Gao
Summary: This study reveals the significant impact of dislocations on local polarization, forming local polarization inhomogeneity, and provides a strategy to manipulate the magnitude and orientation of local polarization through defect engineering.
SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Yu Chen, Maria D'Antuono, Nicholas B. Brookes, Gabriella M. De Luca, Roberto Di Capua, Emiliano Di Gennaro, Giacomo Ghiringhelli, Cinthia Piamonteze, Daniele Preziosi, Benoit Jouault, Mariona Cabero, Jose Maria Gonzalez-Calbet, Carlos Leon, Jacobo Santamaria, Alessia Sambri, Daniela Stornaiuolo, Marco Salluzzo
Summary: Interfacial inversion symmetry breaking can lead to electronic properties different from those of bulk materials. In this study, an artificial ferromagnetic quasi-two-dimensional electron gas (q2DEG) was achieved at the (111) interfaces of LaAlO3, EuTiO3, and SrTiO3, where the bulk quasioctahedral crystal field was reconfigured into a trigonal one. The q2DEG was formed through electron transfer to the EuTiO3 layers at the interface with LaAlO3, extending into the first layers of SrTiO3. Interestingly, polarized X-ray absorption spectroscopy revealed that the Eu-4f and Ti-3d magnetic moments exhibited ferromagnetic ordering and showed the same magnetic field dependence at low temperature. Additionally, the q2DEG displayed a significant in-plane orbital moment even at low magnetic fields (0.1 T), possibly due to Ti-3d electrons occupying bands with a predominant a1g orbital character.
ACS APPLIED ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Mohd Altaf Najar, Prashant Kumar Modi, Poornima Ramesh, David Sidransky, Harsha Gowda, T. S. Keshava Prasad, Aditi Chatterjee
Summary: CAMKK2 is highly expressed in gastric cancer and promotes tumor progression. Inhibiting CAMKK2 can reduce the migration, invasion, and proliferation abilities of gastric cancer cells. Quantitative proteomic analysis identified several key proteins involved in cell division and proliferation that were downregulated upon CAMKK2 inhibition, suggesting CAMKK2 as a potential therapeutic target in gastric cancer.
JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH
(2021)
