Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Guomin Shen, Chaokun Li, Qing Cao, Abhin Kumar Megta, Shuang Li, Meng Gao, Hongli Liu, Yan Shen, Yixiang Chen, Haichuan Yu, Sanqiang Li, Weikai Li
Summary: This study reveals the structural features of the epoxide reductase activity carried out by a subset of the VKOR family in the membrane environment. It also demonstrates that a representative bacterial VKOR homolog can be converted to an epoxide reductase that is also inhibitable by warfarin.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Inokentijs Josts, Katharina Veith, Vincent Normant, Isabelle J. Schalk, Henning Tidow
Summary: The study reported the crystal structure of the inner membrane protein FoxB, revealing its mechanism in Fe-siderophore uptake. Through in vitro assays and in vivo studies, the results establish FoxB as an inner membrane reductase involved in releasing iron from ferrioxamine during Fesiderophore uptake.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Dana M. Zaher, Wafaa S. Ramadan, Raafat El-Awady, Hany A. Omar, Fatema Hersi, Vunnam Srinivasulu, Ibrahim Y. Hachim, Farah I. Al-Marzooq, Cijo G. Vazhappilly, Salim Merali, Carmen Merali, Nelson C. Soares, Paul Schilf, Saleh M. Ibrahim, Taleb H. Al-Tel
Summary: SIMR1281 displayed a multi-target anticancer effect by dual inhibition of glutathione and thioredoxin reductases, inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis by inducing DNA damage, perturbing the cell cycle, and pathway inactivation.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Neng Yan, Ben Zhong Tang, Wen-Xiong Wang
Summary: The study reveals that the cell cycle plays a crucial role in the bioaccumulation and internalization of nanoparticles, with different cell cycle stages showing varying characteristics in NP accumulation. Factors such as clathrin-mediated endocytosis capacity, algal cell membrane permeability, and exopolymer substance (EPS) thickness are identified as key determinants in NP bioaccumulation during the cell cycle.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Michal Pruchniewski, Ewa Sawosz, Malwina Sosnowska-Lawnicka, Agnieszka Ostrowska, Maciej Lojkowski, Piotr Koczon, Pawel Nakielski, Marta Kutwin, Slawomir Jaworski, Barbara Strojny-Cieslak
Summary: Nanostructuring is a surface manipulation process at the nanometric level that enhances the properties of biomaterials. In this study, graphene oxide (GO)-based nanofilms decorated with metallic nanoparticles (NPs) were fabricated to modify the physicochemical properties of nanostructures. The incorporation of gold NPs on the GO nanofilm accelerated cell adhesion by regulating mechanotransduction and upregulating integrin expression.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Fan Zhang, Yong Kang, Liwen Feng, Guan Xi, Wei Chen, Na Kong, Wei Tao, Tiangang Luan, Seyoung Koo, Xiaoyuan Ji
Summary: An all-round therapeutic strategy based on high-density platinum nanoparticle assemblies (PNAs) nanozymes was developed to simultaneously scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS), generate oxygen (O2), and regulate the immune system for accelerating diabetic wound healing. The PNAs effectively simulate the activity of antioxidant enzymes, catalyze hydrogen peroxide, alleviate hypoxia, and generate glutathione, thus enhancing ROS scavenging. PNAs also regulate macrophage responses in the inflammatory microenvironment. In vitro and in vivo experiments confirmed the effectiveness of PNAs in promoting cell proliferation, migration, neoangiogenesis, and the healing of infected diabetic wounds.
MATERIALS HORIZONS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Sophie R. Harvey, Carla O'Neale, Kevin L. Schey, Vicki H. Wysocki
Summary: Aquaporin-0 (AQP0) is the most abundant membrane protein in the eye lens, and its post-translational modifications can accumulate with age. Native mass spectrometry and surface-induced dissociation can be used to study these modifications.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Maud A. W. Hermans, Astrid C. van Stigt, Sanne van de Meerendonk, Benjamin Schrijver, Paul L. A. van Daele, Petrus M. van Hagen, Marloes van Splunter, Willem A. Dik
Summary: MRGPRX2 is prominently expressed in mast cells and linked to various mast cell-related diseases, making it a potential therapeutic target. In vitro studies with human mast cell line HMC1 show lower MRGPRX2 expression compared to LAD2 and HuMC, but its high growth rate and stable phenotype make it attractive for research. Pre-incubation of HMC1 with Lat-B can enhance degranulation capacity and provide a feasible way to explore MRGPRX2 biology in mast cells.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Marwa F. Ahmed, Atiah H. Almalki
Summary: New thiosemicarbazone derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their anticancer activity, with compounds IIIa, IIIe, and IIIh showing promising results. Compound IIIa exhibited potent inhibitory activity against ribonucleotide reductase and induced apoptosis through activating the intrinsic apoptotic pathway.
ARABIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Robert Hall, Shuai Yuan, Katherine Wood, Mate Katona, Adam C. Straub
Summary: The CYB5R family of flavoproteins plays a crucial role in regulating redox balance in cells, with CYB5R3 being associated with various diseases. While CYB5R3 has been extensively studied, the other members of the CYB5R family remain understudied, presenting an opportunity to uncover their critical functions in physiology and disease.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Fredrik Hurtig, Thomas C. Q. Burgers, Alice Cezanne, Xiuyun Jiang, Frank N. Mol, Jovan Traparic, Andre Arashiro Pulschen, Tim Nierhaus, Gabriel Tarrason-Risa, Lena Harker-Kirschneck, Jan Lowe, Andela Saric, Rifka Vlijm, Buzz Baum
Summary: ESCRT-III family proteins form composite polymers that deform and cut membrane tubes in cell biological processes. Using Sulfolobus acidocaldarius as a model, researchers demonstrated how CdvB/CdvB1/CdvB2 proteins form a patterned composite ESCRT-III division ring and undergo Vps4-dependent disassembly to cut cells. Sequential changes in the patterned composite polymer may be a general mechanism of ESCRT-III-dependent membrane remodeling.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Akos Vegvari, Jimmy E. Rodriguez, Roman A. Zubarev
Summary: Chemical proteomics investigates the impact of drugs on cellular proteomes. Single-cell proteomics analysis is necessary due to the complexity and diversity of tumors. Single-cell chemical proteomics (SCCP) has become quantitative enough to study the effects of drugs on target proteins, revealing the heterogeneous response of cancer cells.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Mitja Mori, Diego Iribarren, Julie Cren, Emmanuelle Cor, Andrej Lotric, Jure Gramc, Laurent Rey, Felipe Campos-Carriedo, Gonzalo Puig-Samper, Eleonora Bargiacchi, Javier Dufour, Rok Stropnik
Summary: The EU-funded project eGHOST supports the eco (re)design of hydrogen-related products, specifically proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) stacks. A life cycle sustainability assessment (LCSA) of a PEMFC stack was conducted, showing that climate change is mainly attributed to platinum production. The study suggests ecodesign actions and the use of recycled platinum can reduce climate change impacts.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Yaiza Jung-Garcia, Oscar Maiques, Joanne Monger, Irene Rodriguez-Hernandez, Bruce Fanshawe, Marie-Charlotte Domart, Matthew J. Renshaw, Rosa M. Marti, Xavier Matias-Guiu, Lucy M. Collinson, Victoria Sanz-Moreno, Jeremy G. Carlton
Summary: Metastasis involves cancer cells spreading from the primary tumor to other sites. Researchers discovered increased expression of the protein LAP1 in metastatic melanoma cells, primary melanoma tumors, and metastases. They found that a shorter isoform of LAP1, LAP1C, supports constrained cell migration and invasion by allowing a weaker coupling between the nuclear envelope and the nuclear lamina. This suggests that LAP1 contributes to melanoma aggressiveness.
NATURE CELL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eri Hirose, Miho Noguchi, Tomokazu Ihara, Akinari Yokoya
Summary: This study found that cells irreversibly arrested in the cell cycle after ionizing radiation still have active energy metabolism.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Jil Messerer, Christoph Wrede, Julia Schipke, Christina Brandenberger, Mahmoud Abdellatif, Tobias Eisenberg, Frank Madeo, Simon Sedej, Christian Muhlfeld
Summary: Aging is associated with dysfunctional mitochondria, and spermidine treatment can normalize the number and morphology of mitochondria in aged hearts.
JOURNAL OF ANATOMY
(2023)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Janne Cadamuro, Ana -Maria Simundic, Alexander von Meyer, Elisabeth Haschke-Becher, Martin H. Keppel, Hannes Oberkofler, Thomas K. Felder, Cornelia Mrazek
Summary: This study evaluated the underuse and misuse of laboratory follow-up testing in a real-life hospital patient population with microcytic anemia. The results showed that approximately 40% of the patients were not correctly followed up, highlighting the need for laboratory specialists to collaborate with clinicians to implement demand management strategies and improve patient safety.
ARCHIVES OF PATHOLOGY & LABORATORY MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Norbert J. Tripolt, Sebastian J. Hofer, Peter N. Pferschy, Faisal Aziz, Sylvere Durand, Fanny Aprahamian, Nitharsshini Nirmalathasan, Mara Waltenstorfer, Tobias Eisenberg, Anna M. A. Obermayer, Regina Riedl, Harald Kojzar, Othmar Moser, Caren Sourij, Heiko Bugger, Abderrahim Oulhaj, Thomas R. Pieber, Matthias Zanker, Guido Kroemer, Frank Madeo, Harald Sourij
Summary: The effects of fasting on glucose metabolism were examined in non-obese and obese participants and people with type 2 diabetes. The results showed that after 36 hours of fasting, glucose, insulin, and C-peptide levels were significantly decreased. Non-obese participants had higher glucose levels but lower insulin levels after 36 hours of fasting, while no significant differences were observed in obese participants or people with diabetes. Insulin sensitivity improved in all cohorts after 36 hours of fasting. Metabolomics analysis revealed subtle baseline differences and attenuated metabolic response to fasting in obese participants and people with diabetes.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Susanne M. Brunner, Andrea Ramspacher, Caroline Rieser, Julia Leitner, Hannah Heil, Michael Ablinger, Julia Tevini, Monika Wimmer, Andreas Koller, Josefina Pinon Hofbauer, Thomas K. Felder, Johann W. Bauer, Barbara Kofler, Roland Lang, Verena Wally
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of topical diacerein on IMQ-induced psoriasis in mice. The results showed that diacerein significantly alleviated psoriasiform-like skin inflammation and reduced psoriasis-associated splenomegaly. The treatment also resulted in a decreased infiltration of CD11c(+) dendritic cells into the skin and spleen.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Roland N. Wagner, Michael Wiessner, Andreas Friedrich, Johanna Zandanell, Hannelore Breitenbach-Koller, Johann W. Bauer
Summary: This review summarizes the current understanding of translation termination and highlights newly discovered pathways that influence its fidelity. It also describes the mechanisms involved in the recognition and readthrough of premature termination codons (PTCs) and reports on compounds that induce PTC readthrough. The ongoing attempts of personalized nonsense suppression therapy in different disease contexts are also reviewed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Jan Bavlovic, Ivona Pavkova, Lucie Balonova, Oldrich Benada, Jiri Stulik, Jana Klimentova
Summary: Francisella tularensis is a highly infectious bacterium that causes tularemia. Bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of Francisella play a role in host-pathogen interactions and have potential use in a subunit vaccine. This study focused on the secretion of OMVs in O-antigen mutant strains and found that the presence of LPS and the O-antigen capsule is critical for the virulence and tubular shape of OMVs.
MICROBIOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Luis Filipe Costa-Machado, Esther Garcia-Dominguez, Rebecca L. McIntyre, Jose Luis Lopez-Aceituno, Alvaro Ballesteros-Gonzalez, Andrea Tapia-Gonzalez, David Fabregat-Safont, Tobias Eisenberg, Jesus Gomez, Adrian Plaza, Aranzazu Sierra-Ramirez, Manuel Perez, David Villanueva-Bermejo, Tiziana Fornari, Maria Isabel Loza, Gonzalo Herradon, Sebastian J. Hofer, Christoph Magnes, Frank Madeo, Janet S. Duerr, Oscar J. Pozo, Maximo-Ibo Galindo, Isabel del Pino, Riekelt H. Houtkooper, Diego Megias, Jose Vina, Mari Carmen Gomez-Cabrera, Pablo J. Fernandez-Marcos
Summary: Reversible mitochondrial stress, known as mitohormesis, improves mitochondrial function and delays aging. In this study, harmol, a beta-carboline compound, was found to induce mitohormesis in peripheral organs, alleviate aging-related phenotypes in mice, and extend lifespan in invertebrate models.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nikolaus Bresgen, Melanie Kovacs, Angelika Lahnsteiner, Thomas Klaus Felder, Mark Rinnerthaler
Summary: Many hallmarks, including mitochondrial dysfunction, epigenetic alterations, and loss of proteostasis, exist that describe the cellular aging process. In addition, lipid droplets, a well-described cell organelle in the metabolic context, accumulate with increasing age, adding to the aging-associated process. Lipid droplets not only serve as fat stores, but also control cell integrity by mitigating lipotoxic and proteotoxic insults. Longevity interventions, such as mTOR inhibition, lead to strong accumulation of lipid droplets in various organisms. In mammals, lipid droplets play a complex role during the aging process, as they can both mitigate toxicity and cause problems for cells and tissues in different disease states.
Article
Oncology
Vera Chvalova, Vignesh Venkadasubramanian, Zuzana Klimova, Jana Vojtova, Oldrich Benada, Ondrej Vanatko, Tomas Vomastek, Tomas Grousl
Summary: This study used CRISPR/Cas9 and siRNA to decrease the expression of RACK1 in MDCK epithelial cells and Rat2 fibroblasts. The depletion of RACK1 resulted in decreased cell proliferation, increased cell area and perimeter, and the appearance of large binucleated cells, indicating a defect in cell cycle progression. These findings demonstrate the essential role of RACK1 in both epithelial and mesenchymal cell lines.
EXPERIMENTAL CELL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Dermatology
T. Welponer, D. D. Weber, L. Trattner, B. Tockner, S. Aminzadeh-Gohari, V. Leb-Reichl, A. Kaufmann, R. Zauner, M. Wimmer, V. Wally, T. K. Felder, D. Strunk, U. Koller, J. W. Bauer, B. Kofler, C. Guttmann-Gruber, J. Pinon Hofbauer
Summary: The study aimed to determine the feasibility of targeting tumor cell energetics as a strategy to hinder the growth advantage of aggressive cSCCs. The findings suggest that metformin has anti-neoplastic properties in high-risk aggressive cSCCs by interfering with cellular respiration and glycolysis.
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY AND VENEREOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Silke Haeusler, Nicola J. Robertson, Klervi Golhen, John van den Anker, Katie Tucker, Thomas K. Felder
Summary: Despite improvements in survival after preterm birth, the long-term cognitive and behavioral consequences remain a significant challenge. Neuroprotective treatment options, such as melatonin, are urgently needed to improve neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants. Melatonin can alleviate inflammatory and oxidative stress and may have a direct neurotrophic impact, making it a promising therapeutic option.
Article
Microbiology
Tereza Jurikova, Hynek Macha, Vanda Lupjanova, Tomas Pluhacek, Helena Maresova, Barbora Papouskova, Dominika Luptakova, Rutuja H. Patil, Oldrich Benada, Michal Grulich, Andrea Palyzova
Summary: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a significant pathogen in hospital-acquired infections, often collaborating with the opportunistic fungal pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus in respiratory infections. This study identifies a potential new biomarker, QS molecule portfolio, which affects virulence factor secretion and biofilm formation in P. aeruginosa. The study also demonstrates changes in QS molecule levels during the transition from planktonic to sessile cells and in co-cultures with A. fumigatus.
Article
Materials Science, Textiles
Michal Syrovy, Pavla Capkova, Petr Rysanek, Oldrich Benada, Monika Vostinakova
Summary: The manufacturing of membranes for CO2 capture is an important research topic. This study aims to achieve maximum CO2 sorption capacity while maintaining air permeability with minimal technological steps. Electrospun nanofibrous membranes PAN/TETA and PAN/TEPA were prepared using one-step technology and two different spinning conditions - needle spinning and wire spinning. The best result was obtained for wire spinning PAN_TEPA_2% with a CO2 sorption capacity of 11.7 +/- 1.3 cm(3)/g and air permeability of 53 +/- 5 L/m(2)/s, providing potential for practical use.
JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL TEXTILES
(2023)