Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yee Teng Chan, Yi Ying Cheok, Heng Choon Cheong, Ting Fang Tang, Sofiah Sulaiman, Jamiyah Hassan, Chung Yeng Looi, Kim-Kee Tan, Sazaly AbuBakar, Won Fen Wong
Summary: The resurgence of Zika virus infection has become a serious global health threat. Although most infected individuals do not show symptoms or only experience mild symptoms, Zika virus infection can lead to severe complications in adults and birth defects in newborns. The host immune system recognizes Zika virus primarily through certain receptors and triggers an immune response to limit viral survival. However, Zika virus is able to evade the host immune system through various strategies such as suppressing immune receptors and pathways, viral protein mutation, RNA modulation, and altering cellular pathways. Understanding the interaction between the host immune system and Zika virus provides valuable insights for developing new preventive and therapeutic strategies against Zika virus infection.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shuo Feng, Rajesh Kumar Singh, Yucheng Fu, Zhuo Li, Yulong Wang, Jie Bao, Zhijie Xu, Guosheng Li, Cassidy Anderson, Lili Shi, Yuehe Lin, Peter G. Khalifah, Wei Wang, Jun Liu, Jie Xiao, Dongping Lu
Summary: In this study, a simple strategy was demonstrated for constructing low-tortuosity through-pores in both vertical and planar directions of electrodes by casting large particles into single-particle-layer electrodes. Through multi-scale characterizations and simulations, correlations between material/electrode structures, electrolyte permeability, polysulfide migration, and sulfur reactions were elucidated. The high-loading and dense sulfur cathode fabricated by this method delivers a high specific capacity at a very low electrolyte/sulfur ratio.
ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Christine Vazquez, Kellie A. Jurado
Summary: This review outlines the immune regulatory mechanisms in the central nervous system (CNS) and the strategies viruses use to bypass the blood-brain barrier. Future questions in this rapidly expanding field are also discussed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Ayano Fukui, Yuhei Maruzuru, Shiho Ohno, Moeka Nobe, Shuji Iwata, Kosuke Takeshima, Naoto Koyanagi, Akihisa Kato, Shinobu Kitazume, Yoshiki Yamaguchi, Yasushi Kawaguchi
Summary: The N-glycan shield on the envelope glycoprotein B of HSV-1 plays a crucial role in evading human antibodies, both in cell cultures and mice. This finding has significant implications for understanding viral pathogenesis and developing vaccines.
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Jakub Cajzl, Pavla Nekvindova, Anna Mackova, Marian Varga, Alexander Kromka
Summary: The presented overview discusses the luminescence properties of lanthanide ions in various dielectric crystalline materials for photonics and optoelectronics. Different crystals with distinct crystal structures were chosen, and the behavior of erbium ions was studied and compared. Theoretical simulations were also conducted to better understand the incorporation of erbium in these crystals.
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2022)
Review
Virology
Shupeng Dong, Maggie Z. X. Xiao, Qiming Liang
Summary: This review summarizes the functions of 10 proteins encoded by ZIKV and their roles in virus replication and pathogenesis based on studies published in the past 6 years.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Amer Al-Musa, Janet Chou, Brenna LaBere
Summary: Monkeypox is a zoonotic disease prevalent in Africa, capable of evading host immunity and resulting in high fatality rates. Limited vaccine supply highlights the need for further research to address this public health emergency.
CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Rebecca R. Mackley, Steven Huband, Tara L. Schiller
Summary: Atherosclerosis is a complex disease, with unique plaque morphology in each individual. Currently, there is a lack of technique to differentiate stable and unstable plaques and identify those at risk of thromboembolic events. Small-and wide-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS/ WAXS) has the potential to identify key materials in plaques, such as cholesterol species, collagen, LDLs, and hydroxyapatite. Protocols for preparing excised human atherosclerotic tissue have been established, leading to improved sample-to-noise ratio and background subtraction.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Rebecca R. Mackley, Steven Huband, Tara L. Schiller
Summary: Atherosclerosis is a complex disease with unique plaque morphology in each individual. Current techniques lack the ability to differentiate stable and unstable plaques, and identify those at risk of thromboembolic events. Small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS/WAXS) shows potential in identifying key materials in plaques. Improved protocols for preparing atherosclerotic tissue samples have enhanced the sample-to-noise ratio and background subtraction.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Endale Abebe Gudeta
Summary: This study introduces a modified version of the Enzo-Parrish method to determine a straight background level with a nonzero gradient. The proposed method uses a scattering vector to determine the background and is validated on the XRD peak of a polymer sample.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Burak Guzelturk, Thomas Winkler, Tim W. J. Van de Goor, Matthew D. Smith, Sean A. Bourelle, Sascha Feldmann, Mariano Trigo, Samuel W. Teitelbaum, Hans-Georg Steinruck, Gilberto A. de la Pena, Roberto Alonso-Mori, Diling Zhu, Takahiro Sato, Hemamala Karunadasa, Michael F. Toney, Felix Deschler, Aaron M. Lindenberg
Summary: Diffuse X-ray scattering with femtosecond resolution reveals the formation and relaxation of polaronic distortions in halide perovskites. These structural changes are quantified and correlated to transient changes in carrier effective mass.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhen Wu, Tao Hu, Weiqiong Chen, Yao Cheng, Mingshu Wang, Renyong Jia, Dekang Zhu, Mafeng Liu, Xinxin Zhao, Qiao Yang, Ying Wu, Shaqiu Zhang, Juan Huang, Sai Mao, Xumin Ou, Qun Gao, Di Sun, Anchun Cheng, Shun Chen
Summary: The research found that Duck Tembusu virus (TMUV) disrupts the innate immune system of ducks by degrading MDA5, and the downregulation of MDA5 can be blocked by autophagy inhibitor, which in turn inhibits TMUV replication.
Review
Immunology
Michelle Felicia Lee, Guan Zhong Voon, Hui Xuan Lim, Mun Lok Chua, Chit Laa Poh
Summary: Dengue is a mosquito-borne disease that poses significant public health concerns in tropical and subtropical countries. The dengue virus has evolved various strategies to manipulate the host's immune responses, and miRNAs and DENV non-structural proteins (NS) are promising targets for anti-dengue therapeutics.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shohei Tashiro, Kosuke Nakata, Ryunosuke Hayashi, Mitsuhiko Shionoya
Summary: This paper demonstrates the molecular recognition of amino acid and peptide derivatives by multipoint hydrogen bonding in a porous metal-macrocycle framework revealed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. l-Serine residues are site-selectively and residue-specifically adsorbed on the pore surface via multiple hydrogen bonds. A serine derivative is diastereoselectively recognized on the (P)- or (M)-side of the enantiomeric pore surface, and the conformation of the peptide is highly regulated, incorporating a poly-L-proline type I helix-like structure into the pore.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Aleks Reinhardt, Mandy Bethkenhagen, Federica Coppari, Marius Millot, Sebastien Hamel, Bingqing Cheng
Summary: Through large-scale molecular dynamics simulations, we studied the phase behavior of high-pressure ice. The results indicate that some ice phases with a body-centered cubic oxygen lattice belong to the same thermodynamic phase under different conditions, while superionic ice has a first-order phase boundary. Furthermore, at higher pressures, the activation barrier for ice transformation gradually increases. Our study reveals peculiar solid-solid transition mechanisms in high-pressure ice phases.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
