Article
Reproductive Biology
Suzanne Robotti
Summary: DES, a toxic pregnancy drug, affected millions of women and fetuses from the 1940s to the 1970s. Pathological consequences to pregnant mothers and their offspring are well documented, but now it is found that grandchildren of women given DES during pregnancy are also at risk.
BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jian Jin, Banrida Wahlang, Monika Thapa, Kimberly Z. Head, Josiah E. Hardesty, Sudhir Srivastava, Michael L. Merchant, Shesh N. Rai, Russell A. Prough, Matthew C. Cave
Summary: The AHR gene plays a crucial role in metabolism and endocrine response in the liver. It affects liver metabolism through lipid and organic acid pathways, as well as impacting endocrine function and response. Further research is needed to fully understand the biological roles of AHR and its ligands in liver metabolic health and disease.
ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA B
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Alyssa K. Merrill, Timothy Anderson, Katherine Conrad, Elena Marvin, Tamarra James-Todd, Deborah A. Cory-Slechta, Marissa Sobolewski
Summary: Exposure to multiple EDCs during pregnancy may exacerbate metabolic health issues for women in later life, as indicated by this pilot study.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kelsey R. Pool, Faustine Chazal, Jeremy T. Smith, Dominique Blache
Summary: Phytoestrogens have an impact on reproductive health and can influence reproductive capacity in various species. Our understanding of the mechanisms linking phytoestrogens and compromised reproduction in sheep is limited.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Divine C. Nwafor, Sreeparna Chakraborty, Sujung Jun, Allison L. Brichacek, Margaret Dransfeld, Darren E. Gemoets, Duaa Dakhlallah, Candice M. Brown
Summary: Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is the most prevalent form of dementia globally, and studies have shown that AD neuropathology accompanies alterations in learning and memory. This study revealed that CVN-AD mice exhibit impaired metabolic activity, sleep, and sensorimotor function, resembling human-AD clinical progression.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2021)
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Serge McGraw, Sarah Kimmins
Summary: Using a mouse model with targeted DNA methylation, researchers aim to understand how epigenetic marks can be inherited from parents to offspring.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Josef Skoda, Klara Dohnalova, Karel Chalupsky, Aaron Stahl, Markus Templin, Jana Maixnerova, Stanislav Micuda, Lars Grontved, Albert Braeuning, Petr Pavek
Summary: This study found that TCPOBOP disrupts lipid metabolism in humanized CAR mice and has divergent effects compared to the prototypical CAR-mediated response in WT mice. This suggests the need for appropriate model ligands and humanized animal models when testing endocrine disruption and characterizing adverse outcome pathways.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Amy M. Groswald, Tyler C. Gripshover, Walter H. Watson, Banrida Wahlang, Jianzhu Luo, Loretta L. Jophlin, Matthew C. Cave
Summary: This study investigates the effects of methomyl on liver and systemic metabolism in mice, revealing that methomyl disrupts hepatic xenobiotic and intermediary metabolism and promotes hepatic steatosis. Additionally, methomyl may act as an endocrine disrupting chemical and activate aryl hydrocarbon receptor. Therefore, further investigation into the potential impact of methomyl and N-methyl carbamate insecticides on metabolic health and diseases is warranted.
Article
Oncology
Tiago Bordeira Gaspar, Tito Teles Jesus, Maria Teresa Azevedo, Sofia Macedo, Mariana Alves Soares, Rui Sousa Martins, Ruben Leite, Lia Rodrigues, Daniela Ferreira Rodrigues, Luis Cardoso, Ines Borges, Sule Canberk, Fatima Gartner, Leandro Miranda-Alves, Jose Manuel Lopes, Paula Soares, Joao Vinagre
Summary: ATRX mutations can lead to pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNETs) in humans and may also predispose individuals to inflammation aging. In this study, the additional non-tumorigenic effects of Atrx deletion in mice were explored, and it was found that Atrx loss resulted in obesity, diabetes, glucose intolerance, and increased pancreatic adiposity. The study also identified the role of Atrx in endocrine dysfunction and the potential of an Atrx genetically engineered mouse model for metabolic studies.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Christina Stern, Sarah Schwarz, Gerit Moser, Silvija Cvitic, Evelyn Jantscher-Krenn, Martin Gauster, Ursula Hiden
Summary: During pregnancy, the placenta plays a crucial role in regulating maternal physiology by secreting a variety of hormones and proteins. Maternal insulin resistance increases to supply glucose for the developing fetus, with a compensation in beta-cell mass and function. Sex differences may influence placenta-derived hormones and proteins, impacting the regulation of maternal glucose metabolism.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biology
Yuping Zhou, Baoxia Gu, Geraldine Brichant, Jay Prakash Singh, Huan Yang, Hao Chang, Yanding Zhao, Chao Cheng, Zhong-Wu Liu, Myles H. Alderman, Lingeng Lu, Xiaoyong Yang, Xiao-Bing Gao, Hugh S. Taylor
Summary: A study found that mice offspring exposed to estriol (E-3) during pregnancy had increased fertility and better pregnancy outcomes. These offspring also showed decreased anxiety and increased exploratory behavior. E-3 acts on estrogen receptors, recruiting epigenetic modifiers to alter gene expression and affect organ development and brain function.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Olga Deda, Melina Kachrimanidou, Emily G. Armitage, Thomai Mouskeftara, Neil J. Loftus, Ioannis Zervos, Ioannis Taitzoglou, Helen Gika
Summary: Antibiotic treatment and subsequent C. difficile infection have significant effects on brain metabolism, likely through gut dysbiosis and the gut-brain axis. None of the therapeutic approaches can fully restore the normal metabolic profile of the brain.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Olaia Martinez-Iglesias, Vinogran Naidoo, Ivan Carrera, Ramon Cacabelos
Summary: The study explores the role of epigenetics and other biomarkers in the development of AD. The findings suggest that the changes in sirtuin expression and activity, HDAC3 expression and activity, and other markers may be involved in the pathogenesis of AD. These findings provide new insights for the diagnosis and treatment of AD.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shulan Qiu, Sijia He, Jianing Wang, Hu Wang, Anindita Bhattacharjee, Xin Li, Moawiz Saeed, Jeffrey L. Dupree, Xianlin Han
Summary: The interaction between obesity and central nervous system (CNS) neurological dysfunction is well recognized. Evidence shows that obesity is a risk factor for CNS neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment. This study investigates how CNS sulfatide deficiency affects peripheral metabolism, considering sex- and age-specific effects. Results show that female sulfatide-deficient mice gained more body weight, had higher basal glucose levels, and were glucose intolerant compared to controls, while male sulfatide-deficient mice only showed glucose intolerance at a later age compared to females. Increased body weight was associated with increased food intake and elevated neuroinflammation in a sex-specific manner, suggesting that CNS sulfatide deficiency leads to sex-specific alterations in energy homeostasis via dysregulated hypothalamic control of food intake.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nicolas Monnin, Anne Julie Fattet, Isabelle Koscinski
Summary: Endometriosis is caused by ectopic endometrial tissue, and its chronic inflammation is associated with pain and fertility problems. Endometriotic implants produce their own estrogen through aromatase and are dependent on estrogen receptor beta (ESR beta) while being resistant to progesterone. The transcription factor SF1 promotes aromatase synthesis and its expression, along with ESR beta, is enhanced by demethylation. Local estrogen concentrations play a role in implantation and development of endometriotic implants, as well as potentially promoting genital cancer. Certain microbiota components, prenatal exposure to endocrine disruptors, and phthalates are associated with increased estrogen levels, while the impact of dioxin and tobacco on endometriosis is less clear.