Article
Cell Biology
Nicole M. M. Valenzuela
Summary: This study investigated the underlying signaling responsible for the sustained activation and inflammation of vascular endothelium. The results showed that the activation of JAK/STAT is maintained regardless of the presence of interferon (IFN), and the suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS)1 is not induced, suggesting the potential therapeutic benefits of JAKinibs in reducing vascular inflammation and alloreactive leukocyte activation.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Marcos Iglesias, Daniel C. Brennan, Christian P. Larsen, Giorgio Raimondi
Summary: Calcineurin inhibitors (CNI)-based therapy has been the standard treatment for preventing organ transplant rejection, but long-term use leads to significant side effects. Costimulation Blockade (CoB) therapy, which interrupts T cell costimulatory signals, has shown potential for better management of transplant recipients compared to CNI-based therapy. CTLA4-Ig, a biologic therapy, has been the most successful approach in this field. However, monotherapy with CTLA4-Ig is insufficient for inducing long-term allograft acceptance.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Aksim Mamonkin, Malcolm K. Brenner
Summary: Exhausted engineered T cells show improved antitumor activity with pulsatile signaling.
Article
Microbiology
Priya Debisarun, Katharina Goessling, Ozlem Bulut, Gizem Kilic, Martijn Zoodsma, Zhaoli Liu, Marina Oldenburg, Nadine Ruechel, Bowen Zhang, Cheng-Jian Xu, Patrick Struycken, Valerie A. C. M. N. Koeken, Jorge Dominguez-Andres, Simone J. C. F. M. Moorlag, Esther Taks, Philipp Ostermann, Lisa Mueller, Heiner Schaal, Ortwin Adams, Arndt G. Borkhardt, Jaap L. ten Oever, Reinout van Crevel, Yang L. Li, Mihai Netea
Summary: Influenza vaccination has been shown to reduce the risk of COVID-19 infection by decreasing systemic inflammation and reprogramming immune cells to fight against SARS-CoV-2. This suggests potential benefits of influenza vaccination against COVID-19, calling for future randomized trials to test this possibility.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Mercy PrabhuDas, Jeanna M. Piper, Patrick Jean-Philippe, Marrah Lachowicz-Scroggins
Summary: Approximately 12.5% of maternal deaths in the United States are caused by infectious diseases. The delicate immunological balance achieved during healthy pregnancies, where the mother's immune system tolerates the fetus but remains competent against infectious agents, can lead to increased susceptibility to infections during pregnancy. The disruption of this immunological homeostasis by infectious pathogens can result in detrimental health outcomes for both the mother and fetus.
JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jordi Guiteras, Elena Crespo, Pere Fontova, Nuria Bolanos, Montse Goma, Esther Castano, Oriol Bestard, Josep M. Grinyo, Joan Torras
Summary: The study discovered a human fusion protein called Hybri, which effectively improves lupus nephritis by blocking the costimulatory pathway and exacerbating the coinhibitory pathway. This treatment method achieved good results in both lupus-prone models and severe lupus nephritis models, and also affected inflammatory-related cytokines and kidney gene expression.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Editorial Material
Hematology
Francesca Bonifazi
Summary: This study demonstrates that higher exposure to abatacept can reduce the occurrence of acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) from unrelated donors (URDs), without increasing the risk of relapse.
Review
Immunology
Rinki Minakshi, Safikur Rahman, Archana Ayaggari, Durgashree Dutta, Abhishek Shankar
Summary: The intricacies of signaling routes involved in the menstrual cycle can be affected by internal and external stimuli, and stress can disrupt this process for women. Understanding the immune panorama in the female reproductive tract is crucial in understanding the issue of menstrual disturbance. The presence of microbiota in both the lower and upper reproductive tract and inflammation as an underlying phenomenon are important factors to consider. Sex hormones and cortisol play a significant role in the immune response, and treatment regimens should take into account the different phases of the ovarian cycle.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Claire Battin, Annika De Sousa Linhares, Judith Leitner, Anna Grossmann, Daniela Lupinek, Shiva Izadi, Alexandra Castilho, Petra Waidhofer-Soellner, Katharina Grabmeier-Pfistershammer, Jochen Stritzker, Peter Steinberger
Summary: Targeting co-stimulatory receptors enhances the functions of anti-tumor lymphocytes. The use of a secreted 4-1BBL ectodomain with a trimerization domain derived from human collagen as a payload in therapeutic viral vectors has been shown to be effective in reducing tumor burden in a CD34(+) humanized mouse model.
CANCER IMMUNOLOGY IMMUNOTHERAPY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Moritz Muckenhuber, Thomas Wekerle, Christoph Schwarz
Summary: Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a critical role in transplantation, and the use of pharmaceutical costimulation blockers may have an impact on these cells. This review provides an overview of the effects of costimulation therapy on Treg function.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Noemi F. Freise, Milena Kivel, Olaf Grebe, Christian Meyer, Bahram Wafaisade, Matthias Peiper, Tobias Zeus, Jan Schmidt, Judith Neuwahl, Danny Jazmati, Tom Luedde, Edwin Boelke, Torsten Feldt, Bjoern Erik Ole Jensen, Johannes Bode, Verena Keitel, Jan Haussmann, Balint Tamaskovics, Wilfried Budach, Johannes C. Fischer, Wolfram Trudo Knoefel, Marion Schneider, Peter Arne Gerber, Alessia Pedoto, Dieter Haeussinger, Martijn van Griensven, Amir Rezazadeh, Yechan Flaig, Julian Kirchner, Gerald Antoch, Hubert Schelzig, Christiane Matuschek
Summary: This study presents a case series of eight patients who developed cardiac symptoms shortly after receiving SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines. Three patients required hospitalization, but all patients fully recovered within seven days. The results suggest that cardiac adverse events such as myocarditis or pericarditis after mRNA vaccination are rare but possible.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Guomin Jiang, Juan Yun, Henry J. Kaplan, Yuan Zhao, Deming Sun, Hui Shao
Summary: Circulating exosomes have immunoregulatory functions in autoimmune uveitis, selectively inhibiting immune responses of specific T cells and reducing the incidence of recurrent uveitis in an antigen-specific manner. This suggests the potential for circulating exosomes to be a novel treatment for recurrent autoimmune uveitis.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Manuel Reithofer, Sandra Rosskopf, Judith Leitner, Claire Battin, Barbara Bohle, Peter Steinberger, Beatrice Jahn-Schmid
Summary: The translation highlights the different effects of costimulatory signals on human CD8 T-cell responses, with CD28 costimulation enhancing antigen-reactive CD8 T cells, 4-1BB costimulation inducing bystander proliferation, and CD27 signals enhancing antigen-specific CD8 T cell responses.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Chun-Lan Zhuang, Zhi-Jie Lin, Zhao-Feng Bi, Ling-Xian Qiu, Fang-Fang Hu, Xiao-Hui Liu, Bi-Zhen Lin, Ying-Ying Su, Hui-Rong Pan, Tian-Ying Zhang, Shou-Jie Huang, Yue-Mei Hu, You-Lin Qiao, Feng-Cai Zhu, Ting Wu, Jun Zhang, Ning-Shao Xia
Summary: Concerns over vaccine safety contribute to vaccine hesitancy, but a study found that inflammation-related adverse reactions following vaccination may indicate a stronger immune response. A scoring model was developed to quantify inflammation reactions, with a high score correlating with a robust vaccine-induced antibody level.
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Christos Pleros, Konstantinos Adamidis, Konstantia Kantartzi, Ioannis Griveas, Ismini Baltsavia, Aristides Moustakas, Antonios Kalliaropoulos, Evaggelia Fraggedaki, Christina Petra, Nikolaos Damianakis, Andreas Mentis, Eleni Drosataki, Ioannis Petrakis, Ploumis Passadakis, Periklis Panagopoulos, Kostas Stylianou, Stylianos Panagoutsos
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate immune responses to a quadrivalent influenza vaccine in hemodialysis and online hemodiafiltration patients. The results showed that dialysis patients respond adequately to influenza immunization similar to the general population. Therefore, annual vaccination policies should be encouraged in dialysis units. OL-HDF reduces chronic inflammation, but has no impact on immune response rates.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)