Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qixiong Zhang, Shanshan Li, Lin He, Xueting Feng
Summary: Polysialic acid (PSA) is a straight-chain homoglycan that can be used in various applications in the pharmaceutical field due to its non-immunogenicity and biodegradability. It can be employed as a biomaterial for protein polysialylation and tissue engineering, as well as a component in multifunctional drug delivery systems. This article provides an overview of the bioproduction, biofunction, and chemical modification strategies of PSA, as well as the advancements in PSA-based drug delivery systems.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Paolo Rosa, Sofia Scibetta, Giuseppe Pepe, Giorgio Mangino, Luca Capocci, Sam J. Moons, Thomas J. Boltje, Francesco Fazi, Vincenzo Petrozza, Alba Di Pardo, Vittorio Maglione, Antonella Calogero
Summary: This study investigated the effect of PSA inhibition on GBM cells under low oxygen concentrations and found that it could inhibit GBM cell migration and differentiation. This finding suggests that PSA may be a potential target for developing therapies for GBM.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Ying Luo, Ying Xue, Qun Lin, Liyan Mao, Guoxing Tang, Huijuan Song, Wei Liu, Shiji Wu, Weiyong Liu, Yu Zhou, Lingqing Xu, Zhigang Xiong, Ting Wang, Xu Yuan, Yong Gan, Ziyong Sun, Feng Wang
Summary: The study established a diagnostic model based on a combination of CSF chlorine, CSF nucleated cell count, CSF lymphocyte proportion, and the tuberculosis-specific antigen/phytohemagglutinin (TBAg/PHA) ratio, which showed excellent utility in discriminating between TBM and BM, with high sensitivity and specificity.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Masaya Hane, Ken Kitajima, Chihiro Sato
Summary: In cancer cells, changes in cell-surface sialylation, specifically oligo/polysialic acid structures, may serve as promising biomarkers and therapeutic targets. This study used flow cytometry and gene expression datasets to predict glycan structures and sialylation status in sixteen different cancer cell lines. The results showed unique sialylation patterns in each cell line and suggested potential antibody-cancer cell combinations for glycan prediction. Further research is needed for accurate prediction of minor glycans.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Rami H. Jaber, Nathan P. Beahm
Summary: This review evaluated the clinical evidence for the use of daptomycin in acute bacterial meningitis in both pediatric and adult patients. The results suggest that daptomycin could be a safe and effective alternative for the treatment of meningitis caused by Gram-positive bacteria. However, further research is needed to establish the optimal dosing regimen, duration of therapy, and place in therapy for the management of meningitis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qi Zhang, Dong Li, Shuang Guan, Dan Liu, Jing Wang, Guihua Xing, Liling Yue, Defu Cai
Summary: Polysialic acid (PSA) modified zein nanoparticles were developed for targeted delivery of honokiol (HNK) to enhance drug delivery efficiency and specific biodistribution at tumor sites. Animal experiments confirmed the favorable antitumor efficacy and biosafety of PSA-Zein-HNK, suggesting its potential as an efficient tumor-targeted drug delivery strategy for breast cancer treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Virginia Pomar, Natividad Benito, Pol Duch, Marc Colome, Alba Rivera, Pere Domingo
Summary: A long-term observational study of adult BM patients in Barcelona has found that in recent years, patients without underlying conditions who develop BM are older and more likely to have pneumococcal or listerial infections and systemic complications, although the in-hospital mortality has decreased compared to the first period.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Bin Wang, Zhilin Li, Jing Li, Qi Shao, Lizheng Qin
Summary: This study elucidated the role of sialin in salivary gland regeneration, mediating the process by affecting polysialic acid synthesis. In the sialin-knockdown model, reduced polysialic acid synthesis weakened gland regeneration, while supplementation with polysialic acid precursors partially rescued regeneration.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ning Tang, Hanhui Li, Lihong Zhang, Xueyun Zhang, Yanni Chen, Hao Shou, Shuaishuai Feng, Xinhua Chen, Yan Luo, Ruikang Tang, Ben Wang
Summary: The newly developed drug can selectively induce biogenic mineral formation on tumor cells by absorbing calcium from the blood, thus inhibiting tumor growth and significantly improving the survival rates of mice.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Tatiana Barichello, Carlos Henrique Rocha Catalao, Ursula K. Rohlwink, Martijn van der Kuip, Dan Zaharie, Regan S. Solomons, Ronald van Toorn, Marceline Tutu van Furth, Rodrigo Hasbun, Federico Iovino, Vivian Ssonko Namale
Summary: Bacterial meningitis varies globally in terms of incidence, case fatality rates, and etiological agents. Africa has the highest prevalence of bacterial meningitis, particularly in the meningitis belt of sub-Saharan Africa. Streptococcus pneumoniae and Neisseria meningitidis are the main pathogens in adults and children over one year old, while Streptococcus agalactiae, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus are common in neonatal meningitis.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shuxin Xu, Menghuan Zhao, Zikuan Gu, Haifeng Lu, Zhen Liu
Summary: This study reports the construction of polySia-targeting nanomissiles via molecular imprinting for the photothermal therapy of neuroblastoma. The nanomissiles specifically recognize polySia and target neuroblastoma cells with overexpressed polySia, showing promising potential for targeted therapy of neuroblastoma.
Review
Microbiology
Nicoline Schiess, Nora E. Groce, Tarun Dua
Summary: Neurological sequelae following meningitis can have devastating effects on patients, families, and communities, with high mortality rates and survivors often experiencing various neurological disabilities. Limited research exists on the long-term consequences, age-related outcomes, and socioeconomic impact of this condition, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Addressing these gaps is crucial for understanding and mitigating the burden of bacterial meningitis-related disabilities.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Y. Kalchev, P. Argirova, I. Boev, A. Yaneva, N. Vatev, M. Stoycheva, M. Murdjeva
Summary: The levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12(p40), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α are correlated with disease severity, complications, and outcome in patients with acute bacterial meningitis. The levels of IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and TNF-α in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are significantly higher than in serum. Elevated serum IL-8 levels may indicate increased risk of neurological complications, severe clinical course, and fatal outcome.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Fereshte Sheybani, Ana Helena A. Figueiredo, Matthijs C. Brouwer, Diederik van de Beek
Summary: Concomitant vertebral osteomyelitis is rare in community-acquired bacterial meningitis patients, with back pain being a key diagnostic clue prompting MRI for treatment decision-making.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Biology
Philip H. C. Kremer, Bart Ferwerda, Hester J. Bootsma, Nienke Y. Rots, Alienke J. Wijmenga-Monsuur, Elisabeth A. M. Sanders, Krzysztof Trzcinski, Anne L. Wyllie, Paul Turner, Arie van der Ende, Matthijs C. Brouwer, Stephen D. Bentley, Diederik van de Beek, John A. Lees
Summary: This study identified genetic variations in pneumococcal carriage that differ between infants and adults. Serotypes and genetic background were found to explain a proportion of the heritability in carriage. The findings support the proposal for adaptive vaccination strategies targeting dominant circulating serotypes and tailored to the composition of the pathogen populations.