期刊
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
卷 107, 期 30, 页码 13408-13413出版社
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1005475107
关键词
crystal structure; T-cell receptor; variable lymphocyte receptor; evolution; antigen binding
资金
- National Institutes of Health [AI065610, AI083892, RR006603]
- National Science Foundation [MCB-0614672]
- National Library of Medicine of the National Institutes of Health
Adaptive immunity in jawless vertebrates is mediated by leucine-rich repeat proteins called variable lymphocyte receptors (VLRs). Two types of VLR (A and B) are expressed by mutually exclusive lymphocyte populations in lamprey. VLRB lymphocytes resemble the B cells of jawed vertebrates; VLRA lymphocytes are similar to T cells. We determined the structure of a high-affinity VLRA isolated from lamprey immunized with hen egg white lysozyme (HEL) in unbound and antigen-bound forms. The VLRA-HEL complex demonstrates that certain VLRAs, like gamma delta T-cell receptors (TCRs) but unlike alpha beta TCRs, can recognize antigens directly, without a requirement for processing orantigen-presenting molecules. Thus, these VLRAs feature the nanomolar affinities of antibodies, the direct recognition of unprocessed antigens of both antibodies and gamma delta TCRs, and the exclusive expression on the lymphocyte surface that is unique to alpha beta and gamma delta TCRs.
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