期刊
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
卷 107, 期 5, 页码 2289-2294出版社
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0910117107
关键词
GABRA2; behavioral sensitization; nucleus accumbens; mutant mouse; human genetics
资金
- Medical Research Council [G0600874, G0802715]
- European Community (EC) [PL037286]
- Tenovus and the Anonymous Trust
- Marie Curie Reintegration
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
- British Pharmacological Society
- Merck
- Sharp
- Dohme
- Wellcome Trust
- United Kingdom Department of Health National Institute for Health Research-Biomedical Research Centre Mental Health
- Sao Paulo Research Foundation
- Medical Research Council [G0701420, G9817803B, G0600874, G90/106, G0802715] Funding Source: researchfish
- MRC [G0701420, G90/106, G0802715, G0600874] Funding Source: UKRI
Because GABA(A) receptors containing alpha 2 subunits are highly represented in areas of the brain, such as nucleus accumbens (NAcc), frontal cortex, and amygdala, regions intimately involved in signaling motivation and reward, we hypothesized that manipulations of this receptor subtype would influence processing of rewards. Voltage-clamp recordings from NAcc medium spiny neurons of mice with alpha 2 gene deletion showed reduced synaptic GABA(A) receptor-mediated responses. Behaviorally, the deletion abolished cocaine's ability to potentiate behaviors conditioned to rewards (conditioned reinforcement), and to support behavioral sensitization. In mice with a point mutation in the benzodiazepine binding pocket of alpha 2-GABA(A) receptors (alpha 2H101R), GABAergic neurotransmission in medium spiny neurons was identical to that of WT (i.e., the mutation was silent), but importantly, receptor function was now facilitated by the atypical benzodiazepine Ro 15-4513 (ethyl 8-amido-5,6-dihydro-5-methyl-6-oxo-4H-imidazo [1,5-a] [1,4] benzodiazepine-3-carboxylate). In alpha 2H101R, but not WT mice, Ro 15-4513 administered directly into the NAcc-stimulated locomotor activity, and when given systemically and repeatedly, induced behavioral sensitization. These data indicate that activation of alpha 2-GABA(A) receptors (most likely in NAcc) is both necessary and sufficient for behavioral sensitization. Consistent with a role of these receptors in addiction, we found specific markers and haplotypes of the GABRA2 gene to be associated with human cocaine addiction.
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