Article
Oncology
In-Young Jung, Robert L. Bartoszek, Andrew J. Rech, Sierra M. Collins, Soon-Keat Ooi, Erik F. Williams, Caitlin R. Hopkins, Vivek Narayan, Naomi B. Haas, Noelle V. Frey, Elizabeth O. Hexner, Donald L. Siegel, Gabriela Plesa, David L. Porter, Adrian Cantu, John K. Everett, Sonia Guedan, Shelley L. Berger, Frederic D. Bushman, Friederike Herbst, Joseph A. Friederike
Summary: CAR T cell therapy has shown potential in treating hematologic cancers but is limited in solid tumors. Chronic stimulation of CAR T cells propagates inhibitory type I interferon signaling, hindering antitumor function. Knocking out the EGR2 transcriptional regulator improves CAR T cell efficacy and blocks interferon-induced dysfunction. The gene signature of EGR2 is a biomarker for CAR T cell failure and patient survival. Modulating CAR T cell-intrinsic resistance is crucial for improving therapy outcomes.
Review
Oncology
Xiuting Liu, Graham D. Hogg, David G. DeNardo
Summary: The success of checkpoint inhibitors in cancer treatment has highlighted the importance of the immune system, particularly in eliciting antitumor responses. While initially thought to primarily target T cells, recent research suggests that these inhibitors may also impact innate immunity, thus playing a significant role in clinical efficacy. Further investigation into the mechanisms of action of checkpoint therapies on innate antitumor responses is crucial for developing effective combination treatments to combat checkpoint resistance in refractory malignancies.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2021)
Article
Immunology
David G. Coffey, Yuexin Xu, Andrea M. H. Towlerton, Marcin Kowanetz, Priti Hegde, Martine Darwish, Mahesh Yadav, Craig Blanchette, Shannon M. Ruppert, Sarah Bertino, Qikai Xu, Andrew Ferretti, Adam Weinheimer, Matthew Hellmann, Angel Qin, Dafydd Thomas, Edus H. Warren, Nithya Ramnath
Summary: This article reports the clinical history of an exceptional responder with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer who achieved a complete and enduring remission after treatment with radiation and atezolizumab, an anti-programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) monoclonal antibody. The study reveals oligoclonal T cell expansion and tumor reactivity in the patient, suggesting that the exceptional response may be attributed to increased tumor immunogenicity promoted by radiation therapy and the persistence of expanded T cell clones.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Qi Meng, Binbin Ding, Ping'an Ma, Jun Lin
Summary: Programmed cell death (PCD) and immunogenic cell death (ICD) are important mechanisms in cancer therapy, and understanding their relationship is significant for tumor treatments. This review describes the interrelationship between PCD and ICD using nanomedicines as examples. It provides an overview of PCD patterns, explores the link between apoptosis and ICD, introduces non-apoptotic signaling pathways and their relationship with ICD, and summarizes the potential application of PCD and ICD in the development of new nanomaterials. The review aims to deepen understanding, extend biomedical applications, and promote progress in clinical tumor therapy.
Review
Neurosciences
HaiXia Li, Chao Zheng, Jinming Han, Jie Zhu, Shan Liu, Tao Jin
Summary: The PD-1/PD-L1 axis plays a crucial role in multiple sclerosis (MS), and understanding the complex relationship between them may expand our knowledge of therapeutic approaches.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Quoc-Viet Le, Jaiwoo Lee, Junho Byun, Gayong Shim, Yu-Kyoung Oh
Summary: In this study, artificial dendritic cell-mimicking DNA microflowers (DM-AI) were developed for programming T cell stimulation. DM-AI showed high ex vivo expansion of cytotoxic T cells and induced recruitment and expansion of T cells in tumor tissues. Treatment with DM-AI also prevented tumor recurrence and growth in mice.
BIOACTIVE MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Hematology
Akio Onishi, Shigeo Fuji, Shigehisa Kitano, Akiko Miyagi Maeshima, Kinuko Tajima, Junko Yamaguchi, Ichiro Kawashima, Akihisa Kawajiri, Tomonari Takemura, Ayumu Ito, Takashi Tanaka, Keiji Okinaka, Yoshihiro Inamoto, Saiko Kurosawa, Sung-Won Kim, Wataru Munakata, Dai Maruyama, Kensei Tobinai, Takahiro Fukuda
Summary: This study aims to identify the association between the expression profile of immune checkpoint proteins on ATLL cells and clinical outcomes. The analysis shows that CTLA-4, PD-1, and PD-L1 expressions were adverse prognostic factors in patients with aggressive ATLL.
ANNALS OF HEMATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Min Deng, Shao-Hua Li, Xu Fu, Xiao-Peng Yan, Jun Chen, Yu-Dong Qiu, Rong-Ping Guo
Summary: The study revealed a correlation between high expression of PD-L1 in tumors of ICC patients and poor overall survival, while the number of CD8+ T cells was associated with poor overall survival and disease-free survival.
CANCER CELL INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Soumi Sadhu, Sanjay Kumar, Dipendra Kumar Mitra, Beenu Joshi
Summary: Pathogen detection is the most important stage in activating an appropriate immune response during an infection. In leprosy patients, the expression patterns of TLR2 and TLR4 are associated with the immunosuppressive markers PD-1 and PD-L1, and blocking the interaction of PD-1 and PD-L1 can improve immune activation status.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yi Zhong, Ting-Ting Lu, Xiao-Mei Liu, Bing-Li Liu, Yun Hu, Shu Liu, Jie Wang, Guo-Qing Li, Xiao-Ming Mao
Summary: The dysfunction of Tregs in GD patients may be caused by the downregulation of PD-1 expression in Tregs induced by high levels of serum T3. T3 reduced PD-1 expression in human Tregs in vitro and impaired Treg function, disrupting the balance of T-helper cells in mice treated with T3.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Elizabeth G. Ames, Jess G. Thoene
Summary: Cystinosis is a lethal genetic disease with specific treatments. The cellular mechanisms are still unknown, but programmed cell death and apoptosis may be involved. Studies have shown that apoptosis rate is increased in cystinosis, but can be partially reversed with cysteamine.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yi Zhong, Ting-Ting Lu, Xiao-Mei Liu, Bing-Li Liu, Yun Hu, Shu Liu, Jie Wang, Guo-Qing Li, Xiao-Ming Mao
Summary: The dysfunction of Tregs in GD patients might be caused by the downregulation of PD-1 expression in Tregs induced by high levels of serum T3.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Wei Chen, Yi Zhang, Chunfang Zhao, Suxia Shao, Yanan Zhang, Xuehui Li, Xue Bai, Qianyu Guo, Qianwen Liu, Junmin Tang, Lei Zhang
Summary: The study found that Nr-CWS significantly increased the number of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells, reduced the expression of PD-L1 in the patients' local cervical tissues, and decreased the inhibitory effect of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway. Furthermore, Nr-CWS also promoted immune cell increase and pro-inflammatory cytokine release by upregulating T cell subsets and inhibiting the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Allergy
Zhi-Chao Wang, Yin Yao, Cai-Ling Chen, Cui-Lian Guo, Hong-Xia Ding, Jia Song, Zhe-Zheng Wang, Nan Wang, Xue-Li Li, Bo Liao, Yang Yang, Di Yu, Zheng Liu
Summary: PD-1(high) CXCR5(-)CD4(+) T cells contribute to local immunoglobulin production independent of ectopic lymphoid tissues in nasal polyps.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Keywan Mortaezaee, Jamal Majidpoor
Summary: CD8+ T cells play a crucial role in combating cancer, but their infiltration and effector function are often impaired in cancer patients, leading to defective immunity and resistance to immunotherapy. The exclusion and exhaustion of CD8+ T cells are major factors contributing to the limited durability of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. Identifying and targeting factors responsible for defective CD8+ T cell infiltration and function could provide a promising supplementary approach in patients undergoing anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy. Recent development of bispecific antibodies against PD-(L)1 and key factors within the tumor microenvironment holds great potential in enhancing the effectiveness and safety of cancer immunotherapy.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Akos Bogdan, Orsolya E. Kovacs, Christine Jones, William R. Forman, Ralph P. Kraft, Victoria Strait, Dan Coe, Marusa Bradac
Summary: Observations of high-redshift galaxies provide insights into the properties of black holes formed after the Big Bang, but the origin of the first black holes remains unknown. This study uses gravitational lensing to study the X-ray emissions of 155 high-redshift galaxies and does not find a definitive association with X-ray sources. A statistically significant detection is found for massive galaxies, but no detection is found for other galaxy samples.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ozlem Yildiz, Johannes Schroth, Vittoria Lombardi, Valentina Pucino, Yoana Bobeva, Ping Kei Yip, Klaus Schmierer, Claudio Mauro, Timothy Tree, Sian Mari Henson, Andrea Malaspina
Summary: Monocytes expressing active CD11b have been found to regulate neuroinflammation and affect clinical outcomes in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The frequency of active CD11b+ monocytes increased significantly during ALS progression, and higher frequencies of CD11b+ monocytes at baseline were associated with slower disease progression. Additionally, the levels of active CD11b+ monocytes and non-classical monocytes (NCM) in the blood were predictive of clinical outcomes and survival in ALS patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hussein Farah, Susanne N. Wijesinghe, Thomas Nicholson, Fawzeyah Alnajjar, Michelangelo Certo, Abdullah Alghamdi, Edward T. Davis, Stephen P. Young, Claudio Mauro, Simon W. Jones
Summary: This study investigates the metabolic profile of synovial joint fluid and synovial fibroblasts in obese and normal-weight hip osteoarthritis (OA) patients. The results show that the metabolic characteristics differ between obese and normal-weight patients, with alterations in lactate, glucose, and glutamine-glutamate metabolic pathway. In addition, inhibition of glutamine metabolism reduces the inflammatory activity of OA synovial fibroblasts. These findings suggest that targeting cellular metabolism may provide a potential therapeutic approach for reducing joint inflammation in obese patients with OA.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
David Coe, Thanushiyan Poobalasingam, Hongmei Fu, Fabrizia Bonacina, Guosu Wang, Valle Morales, Annalisa Moregola, Nico Mitro, Kenneth Cp Cheung, Eleanor J. Ward, Suchita Nadkarni, Dunja Aksentijevic, Katiuscia Bianchi, Giuseppe Danilo Norata, Melania Capasso, Federica M. Marelli-Berg
Summary: The voltage-gated hydrogen channel 1 (Hvcn1) plays a critical role in protecting naive T cells from intracellular acidification during priming. Deficiency of Hvcn1 in CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells leads to differences in T cell receptor signaling, cellular division, and death during the transition from naive to primed T cells. This is due to the different metabolic responses to intracellular acidification in CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
C. Macchi, A. Moregola, M. F. Greco, M. Svecla, F. Bonacina, S. Dhup, R. K. Dadhich, M. Audano, P. Sonveaux, C. Mauro, N. Mitro, M. Ruscica, G. D. Norata
Summary: This study investigated the impact of MCT1 deficiency on CD8(+) T cell function and found that MCT1 deficiency impaired CD8(+) T cell proliferation, shifted ATP production to mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, and affected the number of CD8(+) T cells infiltrating adipose tissue during obesity.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Massimo Pascale, Brenda L. Frye, Liang Dai, Nicholas Foo, Yujing Qin, Reagen Leimbach, Adam Michael Bauer, Emiliano Merlin, Dan Coe, Jose Diego, Haojing Yan, Adi Zitrin, Seth H. Cohen, Christopher J. Conselice, Herve Dole, Kevin Harrington, Rolf A. Jansen, Patrick Kamieneski, Rogier A. Windhorst, Min S. Yun
Summary: We present a detailed study of the Planck-selected binary galaxy cluster PLCK G165.7+67.0 (G165; z = 0.348). By generating a multiband photometric catalog and incorporating new spectroscopy and imaging data, we analyze the properties, members, and mass of the galaxy cluster. The results indicate that the relative velocity between the cluster components is small, with the brightest cluster galaxy showing an offset in velocity from the systemic mean value, and head-tail radio galaxies and a large red galaxy are discovered.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Rogier A. Windhorst, Seth H. Cohen, Rolf A. Jansen, Jake Summers, Scott Tompkins, Christopher J. Conselice, Simon P. Driver, Haojing Yan, Dan Coe, Brenda Frye, Norman Grogin, Anton Koekemoer, Madeline A. Marshall, Rosalia O'Brien, Nor Pirzkal, Aaron Robotham, Russell E. Ryan, Christopher N. A. Willmer, Timothy Carleton, Jose M. Diego, William C. Keel, Paolo Porto, Caleb Redshaw, Sydney Scheller, Stephen M. Wilkins, S. P. Willner, Adi Zitrin, Nathan J. Adams, Duncan Austin, Richard G. Arendt, John F. Beacom, Rachana A. Bhatawdekar, Larry D. Bradley, Tom Broadhurst, Cheng Cheng, Francesca Civano, Liang Dai, Herve Dole, Jordan C. J. D'Silva, Kenneth J. Duncan, Giovanni G. Fazio, Giovanni Ferrami, Leonardo Ferreira, Steven L. Finkelstein, Lukas J. Furtak, Hansung B. Gim, Alex Griffiths, Heidi B. Hammel, Kevin C. Harrington, Nimish P. Hathi, Benne W. Holwerda, Rachel Honor, Jia-Sheng Huang, Minhee Hyun, Myungshin Im, Bhavin A. Joshi, Patrick S. Kamieneski, Patrick Kelly, Rebecca L. Larson, Juno Li, Jeremy Lim, Zhiyuan Ma, Peter Maksym, Giorgio Manzoni, Ashish Kumar Meena, Stefanie N. Milam, Mario Nonino, Massimo Pascale, Andreea Petric, Justin D. R. Pierel, Maria del Carmen Polletta, Huub J. A. Roettgering, Michael J. Rutkowski, Ian Smail, Amber N. Straughn, Louis-Gregory Strolger, Andi Swirbul, James A. A. Trussler, Lifan Wang, Brian Welch, J. Stuart B. Wyithe, Min Yun, Erik Zackrisson, Jiashuo Zhang, Xiurui Zhao
Summary: This paper provides an overview and details the rationale, methods, and initial findings of the PEARLS project, which utilizes NIRCam images to survey extragalactic areas. The project aims to study galaxy assembly, AGN growth, and First Light, and is expected to contribute significant insights to the field of astronomy.
ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Brian Welch, Dan Coe, Adi Zitrin, Jose M. M. Diego, Rogier Windhorst, Nir Mandelker, Eros Vanzella, Swara Ravindranath, Erik Zackrisson, Michael Florian, Larry Bradley, Keren Sharon, Marusa Bradac, Jane Rigby, Brenda Frye, Seiji Fujimoto
Summary: Detailed observations of highly magnified and spatially resolved lensed galaxies at high redshift provide valuable insights into the formation and evolution of early galaxies. Three lensed galaxies at z=6-10, including the Sunrise Arc (WHL 0137-zD1), MACS 0308-zD1, and SPT 0615-JD, offer unique opportunities to study star formation at small spatial scales during the epoch of reionization. These galaxies exhibit unprecedented features, such as 3 pc star-forming clumps and a star formation rate surface density of 10(3) M (circle dot) yr(-1) kpc(-2). Future observations with JWST, including a program targeting the Sunrise Arc, will further enhance our understanding of the earliest galaxies.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Keren Sharon, Mandy C. Chen, Guillaume Mahler, Dan Coe
Summary: This article presents a strong-lens model of SMACS J0723.3-7327, which was included in the RELICS Hubble Space Telescope (HST) treasury program. The model products and related information were made publicly available in 2017. The model used Lenstool and 25 multiple images of eight sources without spectroscopic redshifts, resulting in an image-plane rms of 0.58.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Eros Vanzella, Adelaide Claeyssens, Brian Welch, Angela Adamo, Dan Coe, Jose M. Diego, Guillaume Mahler, Gourav Khullar, Vasily Kokorev, Masamune Oguri, Swara Ravindranath, Lukas J. Furtak, Tiger Yu-Yang Hsiao, Nir Mandelker, Gabriel Brammer, Larry D. Bradley, Marusa Bradac, Christopher J. Conselice, Pratika Dayal, Mario Nonino, Felipe Andrade-Santos, Rogier A. Windhorst, Nor Pirzkal, Keren Sharon, S. E. de Mink, Seiji Fujimoto, Adi Zitrin, Jan J. Eldridge, Colin Norman
Summary: This study presents JWST/NIRCam imaging of a highly magnified galaxy, revealing six young massive star clusters (YMCs) with high stellar mass surface densities and young ages. These clusters could play a significant role in the early universe reionization and possibly become progenitors of massive and relatively metal-poor globular clusters in the local universe.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Miriam Golubchik, Adi Zitrin, Justin Pierel, Lukas J. Furtak, Ashish K. Meena, Or Graur, Patrick L. Kelly, Dan Coe, Felipe Andrade-Santos, Maor Asif, Larry D. Bradley, Wenlei Chen, Brenda L. Frye, Sebastian Gomez, Saurabh Jha, Guillaume Mahler, Mario Nonino, Louis-Gregory Strolger, Yuanyuan Su
Summary: The Reionization Cluster Survey used the Hubble Space Telescope to image 41 galaxy clusters and search for lensed and high-redshift galaxies. No significant caustic crossing events were found in the clusters, contrary to previous detections and deeper transient surveys. However, six prominent supernova candidates were discovered, providing empirical bounds for future studies on the rate of caustic crossing events and supernovae in galaxy clusters.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Frances S. Grudzinska, Alice Jasper, Elizabeth Sapey, David R. Thickett, Claudio Mauro, Aaron Scott, Jonathan Barlow
Summary: Neutrophil responses are crucial in inflammatory and infective events, but their dysregulation is linked to poor patient outcomes. Immunometabolism has provided insights into cellular functions in health and disease. This study presents optimized protocols for using XF analysis to probe glycolysis and oxidative burst in neutrophils and highlights the challenges of examining mitochondrial function using this technology. XF technology is a powerful platform with a user-friendly interface, but caution is advised when assessing neutrophil mitochondrial respiration.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Susanne N. N. Wijesinghe, Amel Badoume, Dominika E. E. Nanus, Archana Sharma-Oates, Hussein Farah, Michelangelo Certo, Fawzeyah Alnajjar, Edward T. T. Davis, Claudio Mauro, Mark A. A. Lindsay, Simon W. W. Jones
Summary: This study establishes molecular subtypes of osteoarthritis (OA) in joint synovial tissue, driven by obesity and influenced by joint loading and anatomical site. Four functional molecular endotypes were identified, including obesity-specific subsets related to immune cell regulation, fibroblast activation, and inflammatory signaling. These findings provide a rational for stratifying patients in clinical trials and targeting specific synovial fibroblast subsets for therapeutic interventions.
CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Andreas Papapetropoulos, Steve P. H. Alexander, Miriam Cortese-Krott, Dave A. Kendall, Kirill Martemyanov, Claudio Mauro, Reynold A. A. Panettieri Jr, Hemal H. H. Patel, Rainer Schulz, Barbara Stefanska, Gary J. Stephens, Mauro M. Teixeira, Nathalie Vergnolle, Xin Joy Wang, Peter Ferdinandy
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Abdurro'uf, Dan Coe, Intae C. Jung, Henry C. Ferguson, Gabriel G. Brammer, Kartheik G. D. Iyer, Larry D. Bradley, Pratika A. Dayal, Rogier A. Windhorst, Adi Zitrin, Ashish Kumar Meena, Masamune M. Oguri, Jose M. Diego, Vasily Kokorev, Paola Dimauro, Angela J. Adamo, Christopher J. Conselice, Brian Welch, Eros Vanzella, Tiger Yu-Yang Hsiao, Xinfeng Xu, Namrata R. Roy, Celia R. Mulcahey
Summary: This study examines the spatially resolved stellar populations of 444 galaxies at 0.3 < z < 6.0 in two clusters and a blank field using imaging data from the Hubble Space Telescope and JWST. The results show that at higher redshifts, mass-doubling times are independent of radius, while at lower redshifts, star-forming galaxies exhibit evidence of nuclear starbursts. The findings suggest inside-out galaxy growth and establish a relationship between central mass surface density and global stellar mass. The study demonstrates the potential of spatially resolved SED analysis with JWST data.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2023)