Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Delma Veron, Pardeep K. Aggarwal, Qi Li, Gilbert Moeckel, Michael Kashgarian, Alda Tufro
Summary: Vascular endothelial growth factor-a (VEGF-A) and nitric oxide (NO) play crucial roles in maintaining the homeostasis of the glomerular filtration barrier, and their dysregulation is observed in diabetic kidney disease (DKD). In this study, the authors investigated the effects of inducible podocyte VEGF-A knockdown (VEGF(KD)) in diabetic mice and endothelial nitric oxide synthase knockout mice (eNOS(-/-)). The findings showed that podocyte VEGF-A and eNOS deficiency resulted in diffuse glomerulosclerosis in mice, and compensatory NO and thiol generation prevented severe proteinuria and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) loss in VEGF(KD) diabetic mice with intact eNOS. On the other hand, induction of VEGF(KD) in eNOS(-/-):VEGF(KD) mice led to massive proteinuria and renal failure, resembling DKD in the absence of diabetes. The study also identified abnormal S-nitrosylation of certain proteins as a potential mechanism underlying the development of advanced glomerulosclerosis and renal failure.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Roderick T. Hori, Mohammad Moshahid Khan, Jianfeng Xiao, Phillip W. Hargrove, Tom Moss, Mark S. LeDoux
Summary: The UBTF E210K neuroregression syndrome is caused by mutations in the UBTF gene, leading to negative effects on neural function in humans. Through mouse experiments, it was discovered that reduced or silenced Ubtf gene resulted in abnormal behavior, cognition, motor skills, and molecular level changes, suggesting that loss-of-function mechanisms may play a role in humans as well.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Silvia Nitschke, Erin E. Chown, Xiaochu Zhao, Shoghig Gabrielian, Sara Petkovic, Dikran R. Guisso, Ami M. Perri, Peixiang Wang, Saija Ahonen, Felix Nitschke, Berge A. Minassian
Summary: The study demonstrates that knocking out Gys1 gene in LD mice can partially halt the progression of the disease but cannot fully reverse neurodegeneration and fatal epilepsy. While Gys1 knockout inhibits glycogen and Lafora body accumulation in skeletal muscle, it has some effect in preventing disease development in the brain. Additional research is needed to explore further mechanisms as glycogen and LBs still accumulate in certain tissues.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hitomi Sasamori, Toshiaki Asakura, Chiaki Sugiura, Youcef Bouchekioua, Naoya Nishitani, Masaaki Sato, Takayuki Yoshida, Miwako Yamasaki, Akira Terao, Masahiko Watanabe, Yu Ohmura, Mitsuhiro Yoshioka
Summary: This study examined the role of dopamine D-5 receptors in impulse control and found that they are not necessary for impulse control. The results highlight the importance of time series analysis and detailed analysis of the learning process in understanding the behavioral functions of D-5 receptors.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Xiaoxia Yang, Qingqing Cao, Yi Guo, Jingchuan He, Demei Xu, Aolei Lin
Summary: This study reveals that GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis affects the phagocytic activity of microglia, leading to increased neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampus and heightened seizure susceptibility. These findings have important implications for the pathogenesis of temporal lobe epilepsy.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Yachin Chen, Nicholas Fallon, Barbara A. K. Kreilkamp, Christine Denby, Martyn Bracewell, Kumar Das, Emily Pegg, Rajiv Mohanraj, Anthony G. Marson, Simon S. Keller
Summary: This study found significant volume reduction of the left and right anterior thalamic nuclei only in patients with refractory idiopathic generalised epilepsy (IGE), compared to those with non-refractory IGE. Both refractory and non-refractory IGE patients showed significant alterations of functional connectivity between the centromedian nucleus and cortex, with only refractory patients showing altered cortical connectivity with the ventral lateral nuclear group. Refractory IGE patients had increased functional connectivity between the left and right ventral lateral posterior nuclei and cortical regions compared to non-refractory IGE patients, mainly in the frontal lobe.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2021)
Article
Biology
Kathryn A. Salvati, George M. P. R. Souza, Adam C. Lu, Matthew L. Ritger, Patrice Guyenet, Stephen B. Abbott, Mark P. Beenhakker
Summary: This study demonstrates that hyperventilation can activate pH-sensitive neurons in the intralaminar nuclei, leading to absence seizures.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mahrou Sadri, Haichuan Wang, Toshinobu Kuroishi, Yong Li, Janos Zempleni
Summary: HLCS deficiency can lead to severe carboxylase deficiency, but early diagnosis and biotin treatment can prevent fatal consequences. This study successfully developed an HLCS conditional knockout mouse model and found that HLCS knockout has lethal effects on embryo survival.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Akiko Tanoue, Kan Katayama, Yugo Ito, Kensuke Joh, Masaaki Toda, Taro Yasuma, Corina N. D'Alessandro-Gabazza, Hiroshi Kawachi, Kunimasa Yan, Masaaki Ito, Esteban C. Gabazza, Karl Tryggvason, Kaoru Dohi
Summary: The study demonstrates that specific deprivation of Crb2 in podocytes leads to altered actin cytoskeleton reorganization, dysfunction, and accelerated apoptosis of podocytes, ultimately causing focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. This finding sheds light on the potential mechanism underlying the development of kidney diseases related to Crb2 mutations.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rafal Czapiewski, Dzmitry G. Batrakou, Jose de las Heras, Roderick N. Carter, Aishwarya Sivakumar, Magdalena Sliwinska, Charles R. Dixon, Shaun Webb, Giovanna Lattanzi, Nicholas M. Morton, Eric C. Schirmer
Summary: This study reveals the critical role of nuclear envelope protein Tmem120a in the establishment of fat genome organization. The deficiency of Tmem120a disrupts the organization of fat genes, leading to suppressed lipid metabolism pathway and induced expression of myogenic genes.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Naga Venkata Divya Challa, Shaoyi Chen, Huijun Yuan, Matthew R. Duncan, William Javier Moreno, Helen Bramlett, W. Dalton Dietrich, Merline Benny, Augusto F. Schmidt, Karen Young, Shu Wu
Summary: The study found that GSDMD-KO can alleviate hyperoxia-induced inflammatory injury, cell survival and death, and alterations of transcriptional gene expression of pathways involved in neuronal growth, development, and differentiation in the hippocampus of neonatal mice. This suggests that GSDMD plays a pathogenic role in preterm brain injury, and targeting GSDMD may be beneficial in preventing and treating brain injury and poor neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kyoo Ho Cho, Ho-Joon Lee, Kyoung Heo, Sung Eun Kim, Dong Ah Lee, Kang Min Park
Summary: The study aimed to identify differences in intrinsic amygdala, hippocampal, or thalamic networks according to surgical outcomes in temporal lobe epilepsy patients with hippocampal sclerosis. The results revealed significant differences in intrinsic thalamic network between patients with poor and good surgical outcomes, suggesting a potential correlation between pre-operative intrinsic thalamic network and surgical outcomes in this patient population.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Carlos Roma-Mateo, Sheila Lorente-Pozo, Lucia Marquez-Thibaut, Mireia Moreno-Estelles, Concepcion Garces, Dayme Gonzalez, Marcos Lahuerta, Carmen Aguado, Jose Luis Garcia-Gimenez, Pascual Sanz, Federico V. V. Pallardo
Summary: Lafora disease is a rare, fatal form of progressive myoclonus epilepsy characterized by intracellular accumulation of abnormal polyglucosan granules. Experimental mouse models deficient in laforin or malin proteins provide evidence of molecular and cellular alterations in neural tissue. Overexpression of miR-155 and miR-146a in an age-dependent manner and altered gene expression in brain extracts indicate their potential role as biomarkers for disease progression in LD.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Owen R. Vaughan, Katarzyna Maksym, Elena Silva, Kenneth Barentsen, Russel Anthony, Thomas L. Brown, Sara L. Hillman, Rebecca Spencer, Anna L. David, Fredrick J. Rosario, Theresa L. Powell, Thomas Jansson
Summary: The study revealed that a reduction in placental Slc38a2/SNAT2 causes FGR, suggesting it could be a target for clinical therapies for late-onset FGR.
Article
Neurosciences
Zhen-Fu Jiang, Li-Na Xuan, Xiao-Wan Sun, Shao-Bo Liu, Jian Yin
Summary: The imbalance between excitation and inhibition is an important cause of epilepsy. This study found that the expression of the SIK3 gene increased in epilepsy, and blocking or silencing SIK3 can inhibit epileptic discharges, making it a potential novel target for epilepsy treatment.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Hogeon Seo, Seunghyeok Back, Seongju Lee, Deokhwan Park, Tae Kim, Kyoobin Lee
BIOMEDICAL SIGNAL PROCESSING AND CONTROL
(2020)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Seungjun Ryu, Seunghyeok Back, Seongju Lee, Hyeon Seo, Chanki Park, Kyoobin Lee, Dong-Seok Kim
Summary: The study developed a machine learning-based seizure detection algorithm to support clinical detection of neonatal seizures, requiring only a single-channel EEG. The experimental results showed that the algorithm used 62.5% of the relative time compared to the baseline, achieving an ROC curve score of 0.91.
CHILDS NERVOUS SYSTEM
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Sungho Shin, Jongwon Kim, Yeonguk Yu, Seongju Lee, Kyoobin Lee
Summary: This study suggests that transfer learning from natural images can enhance performance in audio-related tasks, and self-supervised learning with natural images is an efficient pre-training scheme.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Sungho Shin, Youngjoo Lee, Sungchul Kim, Seungjun Choi, Jae Gwan Kim, Kyoobin Lee
Summary: A novel spectroscopic method using deep spectral network was developed for beef-freshness classification, achieving an accuracy of 91.9% with improved performance by combining reflectance spectra and myoglobin information. The study provides a basis for further investigation into the relationship between myoglobin information and meat freshness.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Junseok Lee, Jumi Park, Seong Yong Moon, Kyoobin Lee
Summary: This study proposes a method for automatically detecting mandibular third molars in panoramic radiographic images and predicting the difficulty of extraction and likelihood of inferior alveolar nerve injury. The dataset consists of 4903 panoramic radiographic images, and deep learning models achieved high accuracy in detecting the third molars and predicting extraction difficulty and nerve injury likelihood.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jumi Park, Junseok Lee, Seongyong Moon, Kyoobin Lee
Summary: This study proposes an automated method for detecting missing tooth regions in panoramic radiographic images, assisting clinicians in diagnosing missing teeth regions for implant placement.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Sungho Shin, Seongju Lee, Changhyun Jun, Kyoobin Lee
Summary: This article proposes a deep learning-based method for sound event detection in noisy environments, using the BattleSound dataset. The results show that this method enables real-time recognition of game sounds, and the use of short annotation intervals is advantageous for real-time inferences.
Proceedings Paper
Automation & Control Systems
Seunghyeok Back, Joosoon Lee, Taewon Kim, Sangjun Noh, Raeyoung Kang, Seongho Bak, Kyoobin Lee
Summary: This paper proposes an Unseen Object Amodal Instance Segmentation (UOAIS) method that can detect visible masks, amodal masks, and occlusions simultaneously. It introduces a Hierarchical Occlusion Modeling (HOM) scheme to reason about occlusions.
2022 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ROBOTICS AND AUTOMATION (ICRA 2022)
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Sungho Shin, Joosoon Lee, Junseok Lee, Yeonguk Yu, Kyoobin Lee
Summary: This study proposes an attention similarity knowledge distillation approach to boost face recognition performance for low-resolution images by transferring attention maps from a high-resolution network to a low-resolution network.
COMPUTER VISION, ECCV 2022, PT XII
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Automation & Control Systems
Joosoon Lee, Seunghyeok Back, Taewon Kim, Sungho Shin, Sangjun Noh, Raeyoung Kang, Jongwon Kim, Kyoobin Lee
Summary: The study introduces a novel Synthetic RGB-D Fusion Mask R-CNN model for unseen object instance segmentation by utilizing a learnable spatial attention estimator. Experimental results demonstrate its state-of-the-art performance in unseen object segmentation.
2021 21ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONTROL, AUTOMATION AND SYSTEMS (ICCAS 2021)
(2021)
Proceedings Paper
Automation & Control Systems
Junseok Lee, Jongwon Kim, Jumi Park, Seunghyeok Back, Seongho Bak, Kyoobin Lee
Summary: This paper presents a deep learning-based method for automatically detecting injection mold parts and press mold parts in 3D CAD models of commercial TVs. By converting and cropping the models, alongside using Cascade R-CNN and ResNet-50, the study achieved accurate detection and localization of mold parts, enhancing industrial product design efficiency.
2021 21ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONTROL, AUTOMATION AND SYSTEMS (ICCAS 2021)
(2021)
Proceedings Paper
Automation & Control Systems
Yeonguk Yu, Sungho Shin, Jongwon Kim, Kyoobin Lee
Summary: Based on the assumption of similar feature maps across filters in CNN models for OOD samples from the same domain, a detection framework utilizing counting and summation operations has been proposed, showing the highest performance for OOD benchmarks consisting of the Food101 dataset. This framework effectively addresses the issue encountered in recent works and provides meaningful insights for potential solutions.
2021 18TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON UBIQUITOUS ROBOTS (UR)
(2021)
Proceedings Paper
Automation & Control Systems
Deokhwan Park, Joosoon Lee, Junseok Lee, Kyoobin Lee
Summary: This paper proposes a method for food segmentation using synthetic data to address the challenges of data collection and annotations. Experimental results show that a model trained only on synthetic data can effectively segment food instances in real-world datasets, with performance improvement through fine-tuning.
2021 18TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON UBIQUITOUS ROBOTS (UR)
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Seunghyeok Back, Seongju Lee, Sungho Shin, Yeonguk Yu, Taekyeong Yuk, Saepomi Jong, Seungjun Ryu, Kyoobin Lee
Summary: The paper introduces a mobile diagnosis technique using artificial intelligence to assist in early detection of herpes zoster, and proposes a knowledge distillation strategy to train a robust and mobile deep neural network for distinguishing HZ from other skin diseases. Experimental results show that the proposed method significantly improves corruption robustness.
Proceedings Paper
Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
Seunghyeok Back, Jongwon Kim, Raeyoung Kang, Seungjun Choi, Kyoobin Lee
2020 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON IMAGE PROCESSING (ICIP)
(2020)