Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Allison L. Chau, Chelsea E. R. Edwards, Matthew E. Helgeson, Angela A. Pitenis
Summary: Hydrogels are widely used in the biomedical industry due to their tunability, biocompatibility, and similar water content to tissues. By controlling the polymerization conditions, the surface structure of hydrogels can be modified, leading to the formation of a polymer concentration gradient. Polymerizing hydrogels at high oxygen concentrations results in the formation of a thicker and less concentrated preswollen surface gel layer compared to low oxygen environments.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Pu Zhang, Amit Fischer, Yu Ouyang, Jianbang Wang, Yang Sung Sohn, Ola Karmi, Rachel Nechushtai, Itamar Willner
Summary: Biomolecule-loaded microcapsules with nucleic acid-functionalized hydrogel can enhance biocatalytic reactions. By controlling the assembly and connection of microcapsules, cascaded reactions with different enzymes can be achieved.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Sunidhi C. Shetty, Naresh Yandrapalli, Kerstin Pinkwart, Dorothee Krafft, Tanja Vidakovic-Koch, Ivan Ivanov, Tom Robinson
Summary: In this work, researchers have successfully constructed artificial cells with multiple compartments using a microfluidic platform, enabling directed biochemical reactions along specific spatial pathways. By creating multivesicular vesicles with multiple compartments, they demonstrated directed chemical communication between different enzymes, providing a new experimental platform for studying enzyme cascade compartmentalization effects.
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Zhi-An Wang, Leyun Wu
Summary: This paper investigates a class of reaction-diffusion systems with cross diffusion, establishing the global existence and asymptotic behavior of solutions in a two-dimensional bounded domain with Neumann boundary conditions by imposing suitable structure assumptions. These systems have various applications such as autocatalytic chemical reaction, predator-prey interactions, combustion, etc.
APPLIED MATHEMATICS LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Rui Wang, Fan Mo, Yuhao Shen, Yu Song, Huanhuan Cai, Jiajia Zhu
Summary: The insula plays diverse functional roles due to its strong connectivity with various cortical and subcortical areas. This study identified three primary patterns of functional connectivity gradients of the insula to different cerebral systems, providing insights into the role of the insula in brain disorders.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Minjung Son, Zachary T. Armstrong, Ryan T. Allen, Abitha Dhavamani, Michael S. Arnold, Martin T. Zanni
Summary: This study investigates the photophysical mechanism of polariton-assisted long-range energy transfer in carbon nanotubes using two-dimensional white-light spectroscopy and quantum calculations. The results reveal that energy cascades down a manifold of new electronic states created by intermolecular coupling and the two distinct bandgaps of the donor and acceptor, leading to long-range energy transfer. The findings expand the understanding of energy transfer dynamics in exciton-polariton systems and highlight the beneficial role of moderately-coupled cavities in long-range energy transfer.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jacob Derechin
Summary: Many contagious phenomena, such as music, exist as part of a competitive marketplace, where superstars with high popularity coexist with flops with little popularity. Capacity constraints may play a role in explaining these disparities, as agents have a limited capacity to occupy different states simultaneously.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Leandros Paschalidis, Sara Arana-Pena, Volker Sieber, Jakob Burger
Summary: Advances in enzymatic cascade reactions have led to increased interest in enzyme co-immobilization in porous particles. The optimal conditions for different spatial immobilization distributions (SIDs) are not fully understood, and there is a lack of simulation and optimization methods for these systems. This study provides a theoretical framework for modeling enzymatic cascade reactions with enzymes immobilized in porous particles. Different SIDs were analyzed, and it was found that homogeneous co-immobilization outperforms individual immobilization when diffusion is slow compared to reaction rates. Heterogeneous co-immobilization with enzymes positioned at the entry of the pore is advantageous when reaction rates or substrate diffusion is slow.
REACTION CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Malcolm Egan, Bayram Cevdet Akdeniz, Bao Quoc Tang
Summary: This paper provides an overview of stochastic models of reaction and diffusion systems and design schemes for molecular communication systems, with a focus on a robust equilibrium signaling method. The implementation of detection schemes and parameter estimation via stochastic chemical reaction networks is discussed, along with the interactions between molecular communication systems and biological systems as well as open problems.
DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yukun Huang, Pengxu Chen, Xuanzhao Shu, Jiang Liu, Wei Wang, Biao Fu, Yijun Cao, Weijun Peng, Xiaofeng Zhu, Mingzhen Hu
Summary: This paper investigates the reaction process and formation mechanism of MnCo2O4 using a solid-state reaction method. The stability of MnO2 and Co3O4 in air is confirmed, and Mn2O3 and Mn3O4 are identified as effective reactants for MnCo2O4. The optimal conditions for MnCo2O4 preparation are determined, and the migration behavior of elements in the MnO2-Co3O4 diffusion couple is studied. The formation mechanism of spinel-type MnCo2O4 is explained.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Havard H. Haugen, Asle Sudbo
Summary: Motivated by the observation of an intermediate bosonic metallic state in the twodimensional superconductor-insulator transition at T = 0, an extended Bose-Hubbard model reveals the existence of a 2D superfluid phase, an edge metal state, and a phase closely related to a supersolid phase. These results are connected to STM experiments on MoS2 showing brims of finite density of states around the entire edge of 2D MoS2 samples.
Review
Plant Sciences
Usman Aziz, Muhammad Saad Rehmani, Lei Wang, Baoshan Xian, Xiaofeng Luo, Kai Shu
Summary: Coordinated phytohormone signal transduction relies on the control of repressors, which are crucial for balancing plant development and stress response. Repressors play a role in terminating the transcription of phytohormone-responsive genes in the absence of phytohormones. The degradation or inactivation of repressors is a prerequisite for phytohormone signal transduction, involving proteasomal degradation or protein modifications such as phosphorylation. This review summarizes the various repressor proteins and their regulatory methods, as well as other post-transcriptional modifications that may be involved in repressor regulation. Repressors act as gatekeepers of phytohormone signaling, allowing transcription of phytohormone-responsive genes only when necessary, thereby serving as a universal mechanism for energy conservation in plants. Finally, we strongly recommend further research focused on elucidating the mechanisms regulating repressor abundance or activity to enhance our understanding of phytohormone signal transduction.
PLANT CELL REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Rachidi B. Salako
Summary: The study investigates the existence of entire solutions of two-species diffusive monostable Lotka-Volterra competitive systems, including scenarios of invasion by two competitors and the existence of different types of entire solutions. Delicate super-sub solutions are constructed and the comparison principle is employed to prove the main results.
NONLINEAR ANALYSIS-REAL WORLD APPLICATIONS
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mengmeng Zhang, Shuqun Zhang
Summary: This review provides a historic and recent understanding of the role of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades in plant immunity, response to environmental stresses, and normal growth and development. The signaling specificity of MAPKs in plants is an interesting topic of research and is influenced by factors such as activation kinetics, spatial and temporal expression patterns, and functional characterization of MAPK substrates.
JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Andrey R. Kolovsky
Summary: In this study, the problem of quantum bi- and multistability is revisited by considering the dissipative double resonance model. The system exhibits different phase structures and phenomena at different driving frequencies.
Article
Cell Biology
Robert A. Marmion, Liu Yang, Yogesh Goyal, Granton A. Jindal, Joshua L. Wetzel, Mona Singh, Trudi Schupbach, Stanislav Y. Shvartsman
Summary: Terminal patterning in Drosophila embryos is regulated by ERK signaling, with recent studies focusing on gain-of-function variants of human MEK1, revealing both signal-independent kinase activity and signal-dependent activation mechanisms.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Caroline A. Doherty, Rocky Diegmiller, Manisha Kapasiawala, Elizabeth R. Gavis, Stanislav Y. Shvartsman
Summary: A bidirectional communication mechanism between oocytes and nurse cells regulates the growth of germline cysts, with Dacapo playing a critical role in this process. This communication establishes a feedback mechanism that regulates the quantity of maternal resources loaded into the oocyte.
DEVELOPMENTAL CELL
(2021)
Article
Biophysics
Binglun Shao, Rocky Diegmiller, Stanislav Y. Shvartsman
Summary: The question of how network dynamics depend on network structure has been explored in the context of Drosophila oogenesis, where stable cytoplasmic bridges connect the future oocyte to nurse cells. Coordination of endoreplication cycles between the oocyte and nurse cells is influenced by retrograde transport of a cell cycle inhibitor, with intercellular connectivity within the oocyte-nurse cell cluster playing a role in collective dynamics.
BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Caroline A. Doherty, Farners Amargant, Stanislav Y. Shvartsman, Francesca E. Duncan, Elizabeth R. Gavis
Summary: This article discusses the bidirectional communication between oocytes and support cells, suggesting that it is a universal phenomenon that can be compared across species. By comparing the oogenesis in fruit flies and mice, this study highlights the similarities and differences between these systems, which can inform and design future experiments.
TRENDS IN CELL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tomer Stern, Stanislav Y. Shvartsman, Eric F. Wieschaus
Summary: Gastrulation movements in animal embryos are driven by regulated deformations of patterned epithelial sheets, and understanding the cellular processes and large-scale tissue deformations involved is crucial for studying animal development. Recent advances in microscopy and image processing provide a unique opportunity to integrate these complementary viewpoints, allowing for a better understanding of the early stages of gastrulation. By utilizing a computational framework for cell segmentation and tracking, as well as efficient algorithms for event detection, this study provides insights into the cellular activity patterns and quantitative relations between intercalation frequency and axis elongation during early Drosophila embryo gastrulation.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Claire J. Weaver, Aleena L. Patel, Stanislav Y. Shvartsman, Michael S. Levine, Nicholas Treen
Summary: This study investigates the regulation of transcription factor condensates by ERK signaling in embryos of a simple proto-vertebrate. The authors demonstrate that ERK signaling induces changes in the localization of transcriptional repressor ERF and observe dynamic assembly and dissociation of condensates during interphase. These findings provide insights into the regulation of gene activity and cell signaling.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shannon E. Keenan, Maria Avdeeva, Liu Yang, Daniel S. Alber, Eric F. Wieschaus, Stanislav Y. Shvartsman
Summary: In this study, gene editing and microscopy were used to investigate the gene regulatory network involved in fruit fly embryonic development. A computational approach was developed to merge image data of individual components into a multivariable trajectory. The research revealed a low intrinsic dimensionality of posterior patterning and cell fate determination, allowing the construction of a model and predictions at the protein level.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Biophysics
Jaspreet Singh, Jasmin Imran Alsous, Krishna Garikipati, Stanislav Y. Shvartsman
Summary: This article investigates the assembly process of intercellular bridges (ICBs) during cytokinesis, analyzing the mechanical properties of ICBs and the interplay between ring contraction and stiffening through experimental and theoretical models. The results reveal a dynamic competition between contractility and stiffening, with overlapping time intervals necessary for proper assembly of ICBs.
BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Robert A. Marmion, Alison G. Simpkins, Lena A. Barrett, David W. Denberg, Susan Zusman, Jodi Schottenfeld-Roames, Trudi Schupbach, Stanislav Y. Shvartsman
Summary: Germline mutations upregulating RAS signaling are associated with diverse developmental disorders. Utilizing controlled studies in Drosophila, researchers have discovered that activating variants of MEK, a core enzyme in the RAS pathway, cause phenotypic variations due to stochastic signaling variation. By quantifying cell fate specification errors, the study sheds light on the heterogeneity of developmental disorders caused by deregulated RAS signaling and provides a framework for investigating the effects of other pathogenic alleles and mild mutations.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Keonyong Lee, Kate Molloy O'Neill, Jayoung Ku, Stanislav Yefimovic Shvartsman, Yoosik Kim
Summary: The segmentation of the Drosophila embryo is regulated by localized maternal signals, including Bicoid and Nanos. The terminal system, controlled by mitogen-activated protein kinase, patterns the non-segmented termini. However, the spatial extent of this system in regulating gap genes beyond poles is unknown. Through study on mutagenized embryos, researchers discovered that the terminal system can establish multiple gene expression boundaries along the anteroposterior axis, displaying a potential bistability.
KOREAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Rocky Diegmiller, Jasmin Imran Alsous, Duojia Li, Yukiko M. Yamashita, Stanislav Y. Shvartsman
Summary: This study uses Drosophila melanogaster as a model to investigate the development of the shared organelle fusome in both male and female germline cysts. The findings reveal differences in the role and structure of the fusome between males and females, providing insights into the divergent outcomes of gametogenesis in different sexes. The study highlights the importance of quantitative measurements in biological sciences.
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Pearson W. Miller, Daniel Fortunato, Cyrill Muratov, Leslie Greengard, Stanislav Shvartsman
Summary: This study investigates how altering the symmetry of a model impacts the dynamics of cell polarization. Through numerical and analytical techniques, non-trivial solutions for symmetry breaking are discovered.
NATURE COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Correction
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Pearson W. Miller, Daniel Fortunato, Cyrill Muratov, Leslie Greengard, Stanislav Shvartsman
NATURE COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Biology
Rocky Diegmiller, Hayden Nunley, Stanislav Y. Shvartsman, Jasmin Imran Alsous
Summary: This study presents mathematical models based on the dynamics of cell cycle proteins to explain the generation of germline cell lineage trees (CLTs) and highlights the diversity of observed CLT sizes and topologies across species. The study analyzes competing models of symmetry breaking in CLTs to rationalize the observed dynamics and robustness of oocyte fate specification, and explores how CLT topology affects cell cycle dynamics and synchronization.
Meeting Abstract
Biophysics
Keshav Patil, Stanislav Shvartsman, Ravi Radhakrishnan
BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
