Article
Immunology
Avishay Dolitzky, Inbal Hazut, Shmulik Avlas, Sharon Grisaru-Tal, Michal Itan, Ilan Zaffran, Francesca Levi-Schaffer, Motti Gerlic, Ariel Munitz
Summary: This study demonstrates that eosinophils can interact with apoptotic cells, leading to polarized activation towards an anti-inflammatory phenotype. Apoptotic cells suppress the inflammatory responses of eosinophils and enhance the activation induced by specific cytokines. These findings reveal the heterogeneity of eosinophil activation patterns and highlight the potential role of apoptotic cells in regulating eosinophil polarization.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Shanmuga Sundaram Mahalingam, Sangeetha Jayaraman, Adhvika Arunkumar, Holly M. Dudley, Donald D. Anthony, Carey L. Shive, Jeffrey M. Jacobson, Pushpa Pandiyan
Summary: Individuals aged >61 show intrinsic changes in T cell responses during SARS-CoV-2 infection, including reduced cytokine production capacity and increased PD-1(+) cells. These findings may provide insights into dysregulated immune responses in COVID-19 in the elderly.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Lisa Johann, Ari Waisman
Summary: The study reveals a novel mechanism by which astrocytes maintain an anti-inflammatory state in the CNS. This mechanism involves IFNg-induced TRAIL expression on astrocytes, leading to effector T cell apoptosis and suppression of inflammation.
Article
Virology
Hankun Wang, Weijian Peng, Jialin Wang, Chunling Zhang, Wangchun Zhao, Yanhong Ran, Xiaoping Yang, Jun Chen, Hongjian Li
Summary: This study discovered that Interferon-? (IFN-?) plays a crucial role in innate immune responses against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV). It was found that the HCMV tegument protein UL23 could regulate the expression of many IFN-? stimulated genes (ISGs) under IFN-? treatment or HCMV infection. The study also demonstrated that APOL1, CMPK2, and LGALS9, among the ISGs, inhibit HCMV replication and show a synergistic effect. UL23 appears to counteract the antiviral effect of IFN-? by downregulating the expression of APOL1, CMPK2, and LGALS9.
Article
Dermatology
J. C. Ho, H. J. Wen, C. W. Sun, S. F. Tsai, P. H. Su, C. L. Chang, H. L. Sun, S. L. Wang, C. H. Lee
Summary: This study showed that maternal nickel exposure is associated with changes in serum analyte levels in their children, as well as a potential impact on the development of childhood atopic dermatitis. The findings suggest a possible link between maternal nickel exposure and immune abnormalities in children at an early developmental stage.
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY AND VENEREOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Allergy
Jettanong Klaewsongkram, Supranee Buranapraditkun, Pattarawat Thantiworasit, Pawinee Rerknimitr, Papapit Tuchinda, Leena Chularojanamontri, Ticha Rerkpattanapipat, Kumutnart Chanprapaph, Wareeporn Disphanurat, Panlop Chakkavittumrong, Napatra Tovanabutra, Chutika Srisuttiyakorn, Yuttana Srinoulprasert, Chonlaphat Sukasem, Yuda Chongpison
Summary: The study aimed to investigate ELISpot panels for detecting drug-specific mediator releasing cells in SCAR patients. Results showed the importance of measuring drug-induced IL-22, IFN-gamma, and GrB releasing cells for confirming culprit drugs in different types of SCAR. Additionally, supplementation with alpha-galactosylceramide could improve ELISpot sensitivity.
ALLERGY ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marius Schwabenland, Omar Mossad, Annika Sievert, Adam G. Peres, Elena Ringel, Sebastian Baasch, Julia Kolter, Giulia Cascone, Nikolaos Dokalis, Andreas Vlachos, Zsolt Ruzsics, Philipp Henneke, Marco Prinz, Thomas Blank
Summary: The study found that mimicking early systemic viral infection in neonatal mice resulted in behavioral deficits and immune response changes only in male adolescent mice, while female mice were unaffected. This suggests that there may be sex-dependent differences in the susceptibility and long-term effects of CNS disorders following early life immune activation.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Monica M. Van Acker, Rebekah R. Schwartz, Kelly Andrews, Kristina Seiffert-Sinha, Animesh A. Sinha
Summary: This study found that blood relatives of AA patients show similar elevation of Th1 and Th17 pathway cytokines, suggesting a genetic basis for Th1 and Th17 dysregulation in AA. The elevation of Th17-related cytokines in an unrelated control individual may suggest predictive value.
Article
Immunology
Zhiqiang Zhu, Yuanyuan Qin, Qi Liang, Wei Xia, Tong Zhang, Wen Wang, Mengmeng Zhang, Taiyi Jiang, Hao Wu, Ye Tian
Summary: The coinfection rate of HBV in HIV patients increases as HIV disease progresses, possibly due to the reduced numbers of HBV-specific IFN-gamma-producing CD8+ T cells. Close monitoring of HBV serum markers from the early stage of HIV infection is necessary.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Vera Goda, Gergely Krivan, Andrea Kulcsar, Marton Gonczi, Szabolcs Tasnady, Zsolt Matula, Ginette Nagy, Gabriella Beko, Mate Horvath, Ferenc Uher, Zoltan Szekanecz, Istvan Valyi-Nagy
Summary: This study evaluated the immune response of CVID patients receiving booster vaccination with BNT162b2 against SARS-CoV-2. The results showed that the vaccine can increase antibody levels and T cell response in CVID patients, but the response levels are still lower compared to healthy individuals.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mikhael Haruo Fernandes de Lima, Caio Cavalcante Machado, Daniele Carvalho Nascimento, Camila Meirelles S. Silva, Juliana Escher Toller-Kawahisa, Tamara Silva Rodrigues, Flavio Protassio Veras, Marjorie Cornejo Pontelli, Italo A. Castro, Dario Simoes Zamboni, Jose-Carlos A. Filho, Thiago M. Cunha, Eurico Arruda, Larissa Dias da Cunha, Rene D. R. Oliveira, Fernando Q. Cunha, Paulo Louzada-Junior
Summary: Expansion of TIGIT(+)Tregs in COVID-19 patients is associated with inflammation, lung dysfunction, bacteremia, and fatal outcome.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ksenja Riabova, Antonina Karsonova, Marianne van Hage, Ulrika Kack, Jon R. Konradsen, Hans Gronlund, Daria Fomina, Evgeny Beltyukov, Polina A. Glazkova, Dmitry Yu Semenov, Rudolf Valenta, Alexander Karaulov, Mirela Curin
Summary: Cat allergies are triggered by immunoglobulin E (IgE) sensitization and can result in respiratory reactions. This study investigated the associations between different cat allergen molecules and various phenotypes of cat allergy. The findings showed that in addition to the main cat allergen, rFel d 1, other allergen molecules such as rFel d 3, rFel d 4, and rFel d 7 are also important. Cumulative IgE levels specific to cat allergen molecules can serve as a biomarker for identifying patients with complex phenotypes of cat allergy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Rosemary V. Swanson, Ananya Gupta, Taylor W. Foreman, Lan Lu, Jose Alberto Choreno-Parra, Stanley Kimbung Mbandi, Bruce A. Rosa, Sadia Akter, Shibali Das, Mushtaq Ahmed, Maria de la Luz Garcia-Hernandez, Dhiraj K. Singh, Ekaterina Esaulova, Maxim N. Artyomov, Jennifer Gommerman, Smriti Mehra, Joaquin Zuniga, Makedonka Mitreva, Thomas J. Scriba, Javier Rangel-Moreno, Deepak Kaushal, Shabaana A. Khader
Summary: Khader and colleagues demonstrate that Mtb-specific B cells play a vital role in recruiting T-FH cells into follicular-like structures within lung granulomas to control Mtb bacilli. However, specific antibodies and conventional properties of B cells are not essential for this process. Understanding the mechanisms of protection during TB is crucial due to its global impact as a leading cause of death.
Article
Microbiology
Lindsey A. H. Shallberg, Anthony T. A. Phan, David A. A. Christian, Joseph A. Perry, Breanne E. Haskins, Daniel P. Beiting, Tajie H. Harris, Anita A. Koshy, Christopher A. Hunter
Summary: The study characterizes the TCR-driven phenotypes of CD8(+) T cell responses to Toxoplasma gondii infection using genetic reporters, high parameter flow cytometry, and imaging techniques. The results demonstrate that recent TCR activation contributes to the phenotypic heterogeneity of the CD8(+) T cell response, but has limited impact on memory populations during acute and chronic stages of infection.
Article
Cell Biology
Gaurang Jhala, Balasubramanian Krishnamurthy, Thomas C. Brodnicki, Tingting Ge, Satoru Akazawa, Claudia Selck, Prerak M. Trivedi, Evan G. Pappas, Leanne Mackin, Nicola Principe, Erwan Bremaud, David J. De George, Louis Boon, Ian Smyth, Jonathan Chee, Thomas W. H. Kay, Helen E. Thomas
Summary: IFN gamma regulates the expansion of antigen-specific CD8(+) T cells by controlling the expression of SOCS-1. Despite reduced inflammation in Ifngr-mutant mice, the expanded CD8(+) T cells may contribute to normal diabetes progression.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Rodrigo L. Fabri, Jhamine C. O. Freitas, Ari S. O. Lemos, Lara M. Campos, Irley O. M. Diniz, Nicolas C. C. Pinto, Thiago P. Silva, Cinthia Palazzi, Paula Marchesini, Caio Monteiro, Alan F. Barbosa, Mario G. Carvalho, Luciana M. Chedier, Marcelo G. F. Araujo, Ana Carolina M. Apolonio, Vinicius N. Rocha, Rossana C. N. Melo, Priscila F. Pinto
Summary: This study evaluated the antifungal activity of spilanthol against Candida albicans ATCC (R) 10231 (TM), a multidrug-resistant fungal strain. The findings showed that spilanthol(AcO) has the potential to be considered for the therapeutical treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis caused by C. albicans.
Article
Microbiology
Maximilian W. D. Raas, Thiago P. Silva, Jhamine C. O. Freitas, Lara M. Campos, Rodrigo L. Fabri, Rossana C. N. Melo
Summary: The study utilized whole slide imaging (WSI) to visualize Candida biofilm formation, staining accumulated biofilms with fluorescent markers and scanning in both bright-field and fluorescence modes using a WSI digital scanner. WSI allowed for clear assessment of biofilm size and structural features, with quantitative analysis showing reductions in biofilm-covered surface area upon antifungal exposure. At the single-cell level, WSI proved to be adequate for evaluating morphometric parameters, demonstrating its reliability in visualizing Candida biofilms and making it an important addition to microscopic tools for fungal biofilm growth analysis.
MICROBIOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Virology
Tirth Uprety, Chithra C. Sreenivasan, Ben M. Hause, Ganwu Li, Solomon O. Odemuyiwa, Stephan Locke, Jocelynn Morgan, Li Zeng, William F. Gilsenan, Nathan Slovis, Laurie Metcalfe, Craig N. Carter, Peter Timoney, David Horohov, Dan Wang, Erdal Erol, Emma Adam, Feng Li
Summary: The increase in severe watery to hemorrhagic diarrhea cases in neonatal foals in Central Kentucky in 2021 was linked to a novel equine rotavirus group B (ERVB) originating from ruminants. Although diagnostic investigations failed to detect ERVA, metagenomic sequencing revealed the presence of ERVB in affected foals, with similarities to ruminant-derived group B rotaviruses. This emergence of a ruminant-like group B rotavirus in foals highlights the importance of further investigation due to its impact on neonatal foals and the equine industry.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Lara M. Campos, Ari S. O. Lemos, Priscila L. Paula, Thalita F. Souza, Thiago P. Silva, Vinicius N. Rocha, Ana Carolina M. Apolonio, Priscila F. Pinto, Rossana C. N. Melo, Rodrigo L. Fabri
Summary: This study demonstrates that the methanolic extract of Mitracarpus frigidus shows good antifungal activity against multidrug-resistant Candida albicans, reducing yeast metabolic activity and pseudohyphae formation, as well as inhibiting biofilm formation and adhesion. Additionally, the extract affected the biochemical composition of the biofilm matrix, mainly by reducing total carbohydrates and eDNA concentrations.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2021)
Article
Parasitology
Ayla das Chagas Almeida, Raissa Soares Meinel, Yasmim Lopes Leal, Thiago P. Silva, Nicolas Glanzmann, Debora Vasconcelos Costa Mendonca, Luisa Perin, Edezio Ferreira Cunha-Junior, Eduardo A. F. Coelho, Rossana C. N. Melo, Adilson David da Silva, Elaine Soares Coimbra
Summary: This study investigated the activity of 1,2,3-triazolium salts and 1,2,3-triazole derivatives against leishmaniasis and found that 1,2,3-triazolium salts exhibited better activity. Compound 5 targeted the mitochondria of L. infantum, leading to the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial alteration through autophagy pathway. In animal studies, compound 5 showed activity in reducing parasite load without inducing liver or kidney toxicity.
PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Livia Rosa-Fernandes, Amina Bedrat, Maria Luiza B. dos Santos, Ana M. Pinto, Evandro Lucena, Thiago P. Silva, Rossana C. N. Melo, Giuseppe Palmisano, Claudete Araujo Cardoso, Raquel Hora Barbosa
Summary: This study reveals the gene expression responses associated with prenatal Zika virus (ZIKV) infection from ocular cells for the first time. The findings suggest that ZIKV infection affects primordial neuronal cell genes and is associated with the gestational period of the infection. Additionally, the study raises concerns about the potential pathologies including cell death and cancer, emphasizing the need for early tumor surveillance.
EXPERIMENTAL CELL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biology
Vivian Vasconcelos Costa, Michelle A. Sugimoto, Josy Hubner, Caio S. Bonilha, Celso Martins Queiroz-Junior, Marcela Helena Goncalves-Pereira, Jianmin Chen, Thomas Gobbetti, Gisele Olinto Libanio Rodrigues, Jordana L. Bambirra, Ingredy B. Passos, Carla Elizabeth Machado Lopes, Thaiane P. Moreira, Kennedy Bonjour, Rossana C. N. Melo, Milton A. P. Oliveira, Marcus Vinicius M. Andrade, Lirlandia Pires Sousa, Danielle Gloria Souza, Helton da Costa Santiago, Mauro Perretti, Mauro Martins Teixeira
Summary: This study suggests that altered levels of Annexin A1, a pro-resolving mediator, play a pathological role in dengue infection, and FPR2/ALX agonists may be a therapeutic target for dengue disease.
Article
Cell Biology
Kennedy Bonjour, Cinthia Palazzi, Thiago P. Silva, Kassia K. Malta, Vitor H. Neves, Eliane G. Oliveira-Barros, Igor Neves, Victor A. Kersten, Bruno T. Fortuna, Amali E. Samarasinghe, Peter F. Weller, Christianne Bandeira-Melo, Rossana C. N. Melo
Summary: This study used electron microscopy techniques to investigate the dynamics of mitochondria in mouse eosinophils. The results show that mitochondria undergo changes in size and structure during eosinophil development and maturation. Mitophagy, interactions between mitochondria and other organelles, and changes in cristae morphology were observed. These findings suggest that mitochondrial dynamics play a role in eosinophil immune functions.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Thiago P. Silva, Juliana P. Gamalier, Victor Zarantonello, Caique R. Soares, Nathalia S. Resende, Nathan O. Barros, Rossana C. N. Melo
Summary: This study demonstrates for the first time that freshwater bacteria are capable of releasing extracellular vesicles (EVs) upon viral infection. By examining freshwater samples and bacterial cultures, researchers found that virus-infected bacteria released significantly higher numbers of EVs compared to controls. These findings reveal a previously unrecognized capability of freshwater bacteria in response to viral infection.
ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Vitor H. Neves, Cinthia Palazzi, Kennedy Bonjour, Shigeharu Ueki, Peter F. Weller, Rossana C. N. Melo
Summary: This study examined the ultrastructure of eosinophilic diseases using transmission electron microscopy. The findings revealed that a significant proportion of tissue-infiltrated eosinophils in various diseases undergo cytolysis and release extracellular granules. Eosinophils in early ETosis showed increased nuclear area, and ETosis led to the release of inflammatory markers.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hiroki Tomizawa, Yoshiyuki Yamada, Misaki Arima, Yui Miyabe, Mineyo Fukuchi, Haruka Hikichi, Rossana C. N. Melo, Takechiyo Yamada, Shigeharu Ueki
Summary: Galectin-10 is an abundant cytoplasmic protein in human eosinophils and has been identified as a potential biomarker in eosinophilic diseases. It is released through extracellular trap cell death, indicating a close relationship between eosinophils and Galectin-10. This review highlights the functional roles of Galectin-10 in immunity and its potential as a biomarker in eosinophilic diseases.
Review
Microbiology
Kassia K. Malta, Cinthia Palazzi, Vitor H. Neves, Yasmin Aguiar, Thiago P. Silva, Rossana C. N. Melo
Summary: Eosinophils play an important role in the development of schistosomiasis mansoni, forming granulomas and interacting with other immune cells and the granuloma microenvironment. However, their functions in this disease are still unclear.
Article
Plant Sciences
Lara M. Campos, Ari S. O. Lemos, Irley O. M. Diniz, Lucas A. Carvalho, Thiago P. Silva, Paula R. B. Dib, Eugenio D. Hottz, Luciana M. Chedier, Rossana C. N. Melo, Rodrigo L. Fabri
Summary: This study evaluated the antifungal activity of the ethanolic extract of A. muricata leaves against multidrug-resistant Candida albicans and found that it significantly inhibited the growth and cell density of the fungus by affecting the fungal plasma membrane and cell wall integrity, leading to reduced cell viability.
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Jesse Bowman, Tamara Gull, Eugene G. Ulmanis, Anthony J. Ogunbadewa, Zhenyu Shen, Gayle J. Johnson, Solomon O. Odemuyiwa
Summary: We report the isolation of a transiently culturable oomycete pathogen from a pyogranulomatous tail mass in a cat. Phylogenetic analysis initially identified the specimen as Paralagenidium sp. based on mitochondrial gene sequences, but further analysis showed that it is unique and different from known oomycetes. Using primers targeting known oomycete pathogens may not be sufficient to rule out oomycosis, and relying solely on a single gene for classification of oomycetes may lead to misleading results. Metagenomic sequencing and next-generation sequencing offer new opportunities to explore the diversity of oomycetes as plant and animal pathogens.
JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Magda I. Abo-Samaha, Mohammed M. Sharaf, Abeer F. El-Nahas, Solomon O. Odemuyiwa
Summary: This study found that viral double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) interacts with Retinoic-acid-inducible-gene-1 (RIG-1)-like receptors (RLRs) to induce immune responses. It was discovered that chickens only express Melanoma-derived-antigen-5 (MDA-5) and not RIG-1, while ducks can express both RIG-1 and MDA-5, which may contribute to the differences in susceptibility to influenza virus infection between chickens and ducks. The research also showed that high-molecular-weight poly(I:C) (HMW-poly(I:C)) can upregulate immune-related gene transcripts in chicken macrophages, whereas low-molecular-weight poly(I:C) (LMW-poly(I:C)) does not have the same effect. Additionally, the absence of RIG-1 in chicken macrophages may result in the inhibition of macrophage-mediated B cell development and survival through the modulation of B cell activating factor (BAFF) expression.