Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Tolga Kocakulak, Mustafa Babagiray, Cagatay Nacak, Seyed Mohammad Safieddin Ardebili, Alper Calam, Hamit Solmaz
Summary: This study experimentally and statistically examined the combustion, performance, and emission results of the HCCI engine under different fuel and engine parameters conditions, and optimized the input parameters to achieve high efficiency operation of the engine.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Defu Zhang, Fang Wang, Yiqiang Pei, Jiankun Yang, Dayang An, Hongbin Hao
Summary: The mechanisms of n-heptane and n-butanol were reduced using different methods and the reduced mechanisms were verified. The reduced mechanism showed good prediction ability for ignition delay time and concentrations of major species. A simplified mechanism for n-heptane/butanol fuel mixture was constructed, which can accurately predict the ignition and combustion timings of HCCI under different conditions.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Alper Calam, Serdar Halis, Bilal Aydogan, Can Hasimoglu
Summary: This study aimed to control the HCCI combustion phase by testing different ratios of low and high reactivity pure fuels and their mixtures. The analysis showed that HN75 fuel provided the best operating conditions and low CO and HC emissions in HCCI combustion.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Tolga Kocakulak, Serdar Halis, Seyed Mohammad Safieddin Ardebili, Mustafa Babagiray, Can Hasimoglu, Masoud Rabeti, Alper Calam
Summary: This study investigates the effects of engine speed and lambda input parameters on the performance, combustion, and emissions of a single-cylinder HCCI engine using different fuel concentrations. The Response Surface Method is used to model and optimize the process. The study determines the optimum input parameters, including a 75% naphtha ratio, 1166.75 rpm engine speed, and 2.12 lambda value.
Article
Thermodynamics
Cheng Xie, Maxence Lailliau, Gani Issayev, Qiang Xu, Weiye Chen, Philippe Dagaut, Aamir Farooq, S. Mani Sarathy, Lixia Wei, Zhandong Wang
Summary: Benefitting from instrumental analysis methods, this study investigates the low temperature oxidation of n-heptane to gain insight into alkane low temperature oxidation chemistry. The results contribute to reducing deviations between model predictions and experimental measurements, and provide a comprehensive kinetic model for n-heptane oxidation.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Matthew Q. Brown, Erica L. Belmont
Summary: The study investigated the effects of ozone enhancement on n-heptane cool flames through experimental and numerical assessments. The results showed that ozone impacts low temperature kinetics and affects low temperature ignition and cool flames.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Bingjie Chen, Peng Liu, Qiang Xu, Zhandong Wang, William L. Roberts, Heinz Pitsch
Summary: The oxidation process of n-heptane/toluene mixture at low temperatures was investigated, and 32 species were identified and measured using two measurement techniques. Numerical simulations accurately predicted the proportions of fuel molecules and small intermediates, but under-predicted the fractions of oxygenated aromatics.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Kai Banke, Dominik Freund, Burak Atakan, Sebastian A. Kaiser
Summary: The effects of dimethyl ether (DME), diethyl ether (DEE), and n-heptane as additives on compression-ignition of fuel-rich methane/air mixtures were investigated. DEE was found to be the most effective additive, resulting in stable operation at around 20% by weight. The additives react early in the compression stroke and lead to H-abstraction from CH4.
APPLICATIONS IN ENERGY AND COMBUSTION SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Lauge Thorsen, Cirkeline Nordhjort, Hamid Hashemi, Kar Mun Pang, Peter Glarborg
Summary: The study investigates a semiglobal approach for modeling ignition of n-heptane/methane mixtures, integrating a four-step global scheme for heptane oxidation and a 22-species skeletal mechanism for methane chemistry. The semiglobal model with 25 species and 138 reactions is validated against a wide range of ignition delay data, showing good agreement with experimental results for dual-fuel conditions, especially with less pronounced NTC behavior. The combined global/skeletal model accurately predicts ignition delays for methane/n-heptane mixtures, offering practical applications in sustainable dual-fuel engine development and fuel optimization.
Article
Thermodynamics
Bingjie Chen, Peng Liu, Bingzhi Liu, Zhandong Wang, Xiang Gao, William L. Roberts
Summary: In this study, the low temperature oxidation of 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene was investigated using experiments and numerical simulations. The results showed the presence of toxic oxygenated aromatic compounds and proposed potential formation pathways. The numerical simulations accurately predicted the mole fractions of most compounds, but some compounds were missing.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Youhi Morii, Ajit K. Dubey, Hisashi Nakamura, Kaoru Maruta
Summary: This study conducted a two-dimensional DNS of a knocking experiment using a stoichiometric n-C7H16/O-2/Ar mixture at engine-like condition with the latest reduced SIP isooctane kinetics. The results were compared with experimental observations, showing that the validated reduced chemical kinetics successfully reproduced the knock onset timing and features. The DNS also captured the occurrence of cool flame ignition and rapid formation of density gradients in the unburned gas region.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yang Liu, Xiaobei Cheng, Yuchen Ya, Bowen Wang, Pu Zhang, Kai Zhang, Yishu Xu
Summary: This study specifically investigates the impact of PODE3 addition on soot, and the results show that PODE3 substitution can reduce the soot generation region, increase flame temperatures, and improve the oxidation reactivity of soot particles.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Yi Zhou, Yunhua Gan, Chaoyue Zhang, Dunfeng Shi, Zhengwei Jiang, Yanlai Luo
Summary: The study investigated the impacts of ozone on the combustion of biodiesel in HCCI engines, finding that the chemical effect of ozone plays a significant role in ignition. Additionally, it was observed that ozone has a high sensitivity to the H-abstraction reaction of n-heptane, promoting its ignition the most.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Yitong Zhai, Qiang Xu, Beibei Feng, Can Shao, Zhandong Wang, S. Mani Sarathy
Summary: This study investigated the low-temperature oxidation of n-heptane with and without the addition of NO. Experiments were conducted at atmospheric pressure over a temperature range of 500-800 K, and measurements were made using synchrotron vacuum ultraviolet photoionization mass spectrometry. The results revealed that NO addition exhibited an inhibiting effect below 650 K and a promoting effect above 650 K, with specific reactions responsible for these effects.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Chaojie Song, Junjie Liang, Zunhua Zhang, Gesheng Li, Cheng Zhang
Summary: In this study, the mole fractions of various species in low-temperature oxidation processes of methane/n-heptane mixtures were quantified at different methane contents, temperatures, and equivalence ratios. The physical and chemical roles of methane were examined by analyzing reaction pathways and competition for radicals between methane and n-heptane. The results showed that methane inhibits the low-temperature oxidation of n-heptane non-linearly and mainly affects the reaction pathways of small-molecule intermediates with OH and HO2 through its chemical effect.
Article
Thermodynamics
A. Roque, J. Helie, F. Foucher
Summary: The study found that the injection pressure and impingement-surface temperature have a significant impact on the combustion chamber deposit (CCD) inside a constant volume combustion chamber. Regardless of the injection pressure, the maximum production of CCD occurred at a wall temperature of 393 K, with an additional increase in temperature reducing the build-up rate of CCD.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Wenhao Yuan, Long Zhao, Sandro Gail, Jiuzhong Yang, Yuyang Li, Fei Qi, Philippe Dagaut
Summary: This study investigated the experimental and kinetic modeling of o-xylene pyrolysis and oxidation using flow reactor and jet-stirred reactor. The dominant products observed were styrene in pyrolysis and toluene and benzene in oxidation. The kinetic model of o-xylene was developed and validated against experimental data, showing o-xylyl radical as the dominant fuel consumption product.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Christine Mounaim-Rousselle, Adrien Mercier, Pierre Brequigny, Clement Dumand, Jean Bouriot, Sebastien Houille
Summary: Recent studies have demonstrated the feasibility of using ammonia in SI engines with an ignition booster. This study focuses on the performance and exhaust pollutants of premixed ammonia/air combustion in a Spark-Assisted Compression Ignition engine. The results show that neat ammonia can be used over a large operating range, driven by intake pressure and a classical ignition device with a high compression ratio.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
M. Di Lorenzo, P. Brequigny, F. Foucher, C. Mounaim-Rousselle
Summary: The downsized spark ignition engine is a promising technology for reducing pollutants and greenhouse gas emissions by increasing the efficiency through boosting the intake air pressure. However, modeling the combustion process under drastic conditions of high pressure, high temperature, and high dilution rate remains challenging.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Nesrine Belhadj, Zahraa Dbouk, Maxence Lailliau, Roland Benoit, Bruno Moreau, Fabrice Foucher, Philippe Dagaut
Summary: This study extends the previous research on the oxidation of di-n-butyl ether (DBE) to include its oxidation in a motored homogeneous charge compression ignition engine. The study reveals that despite the different experimental conditions, the oxidation mechanism of DBE remains similar and leads to the formation of the same chemical products.
Article
Energy & Fuels
R. Rabello de Castro, P. Brequigny, C. Mounaim-Rousselle
Summary: Syngas, a gaseous biofuel produced by gasification of biomass, shows potential in reducing carbon emissions of internal combustion engines. This study investigates the effect of different syngas compositions on engine performance and exhaust emissions and establishes relationships between these factors. Results indicate high thermal efficiencies and reduced NOx and soot emissions, but increased CO and Total HC emissions.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
S. Mashruk, S. E. Zitouni, P. Brequigny, C. Mounaim-Rousselle, A. Valera-Medina
Summary: This study investigates the combustion characteristics of a 70/30VOL.% NH3/H2 blend at different equivalence ratios and finds that Phi = 1.2 is the optimum equivalence ratio with reduced NOX emissions and some ammonia slip.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Seif Zitouni, Pierre Brequigny, Christine Mounaim-Rousselle
Summary: Ammonia shows promise as a hydrogen-energy carrier and carbon-free fuel, but there is limited research on ammonia combustion under turbulent conditions. This study examines the turbulent flame speeds of ammonia/air, ammonia/methane, and ammonia/hydrogen using a spherically expanding flame configuration. The results show that the flame propagation speed of ammonia/air increases exponentially with increasing hydrogen amount, and that the turbulent to laminar flame speed ratio increases with turbulence intensity. Flame morphology and stretch sensitivity analysis indicate that flame curvature remains relatively similar for pure ammonia and ammonia-based mixtures, and the wrinkling ratio increases with both increasing ammonia fraction and turbulent intensity.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE
(2023)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
P. Brequigny, E. Pacaud, C. Mounaim-Rousselle
Summary: Syngas, producer gas or wood gas, is a gaseous fuel produced by biomass gasification, mainly composed of hydrogen and carbon monoxide with a smaller share of methane, diluted by nitrogen and carbon dioxide. Its low or zero carbon content makes it a strong candidate for reducing global warming impact of combustion engines. This study focuses on the combustion development and performances of a Spark-Ignition engine fueled with a synthetic producer gas enriched with ammonia. The results show that adding ammonia to the fuel increases the indicated work and slows down the combustion development. The exhaust emissions measurement indicates a decrease in CO and CO2 with ammonia addition, while a noticeable increase of NOx is observed.
BIOMASS & BIOENERGY
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Ronan Pele, Pierre Brequigny, Jerome Bellettre, Christine Mounaim-Rousselle
Summary: This study investigates the combustion and emissions characteristics of a spark-ignition engine using direct injection of ethanol blended with ammonia and pure ammonia. Five different fuel compositions were tested, and two injection strategies were conducted. The results show that all blends and pure ammonia exhibit high stability. However, pure ammonia requires more restrictive operating conditions. Adding 25% of NH3 improves thermal efficiency but increases NOx emissions. The stratified strategy for blends improves combustion durations and decreases NOx emissions compared to the homogeneous strategy, while CO emissions roughly increase.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Andrea Boero, Adrien Mercier, Christine Mounaim-Rousselle, Agustin Valera-Medina, Angel D. Ramirez
Summary: Renewable energy has increased in the electricity market, but not in transport. Alternatives to fossil fuels are being studied, and ammonia is a potential viable option for sustainable transport. This study conducted a life cycle assessment of an ammonia-fueled passenger car to evaluate its sustainability.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Alessandro Stagni, Suphaporn Arunthanayothin, Mathilde Dehue, Olivier Herbinet, Frederique Battin-Leclerc, Pierre Brequigny, Christine Mounaim-Rousselle, Tiziano Faravelli
Summary: Understanding the chemistry of ammonia/hydrogen mixtures oxidation is vital for their versatile application in propulsion systems and power generation. This study investigated the oxidation of such blends under low- and intermediate-temperature conditions through experimental and kinetic-modeling approaches. The experimental campaign measured the mole fraction of fuels, oxidizer, and final products, while a comprehensive kinetic model was used to interpret the results and expand the analysis to literature data. The role of HO2 in regulating fuel conversion and autoignition at low temperature was confirmed, and the nitrogen fate was primarily controlled by NHx + NO propagation and termination channels.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
S. Zitouni, P. Brequigny, C. Mounaim-Rousselle
Summary: The use of Ammonia (NH3) and blends with either Methane (CH4) or Hydrogen (H2) are potential solutions for decarbonising energy systems. Flame speed and Markstein length were determined using an outwardly propagating spherical flame configuration to study the combustion characteristics of NH3 blends.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Camille Hespel, Chetankumar Patel, Tung Lam Nguyen, Ob Nilaphai, Christine Mounaim-Rousselle
Summary: This study explores the potential use of ABE mixture as an alternative fuel for CI engines. The experiment showed that increasing the ABE and Butanol concentration in the blends led to a longer ignition delay and lift-off length, as well as a decrease in soot concentration. The blends with the lowest ABE or Butanol content exhibited similar combustion characteristics to n-dodecane, making them suitable substitutes for diesel without any engine modifications.
