Article
Thermodynamics
G. C. Fraga, P. J. Coelho, F. H. R. Franca
Summary: This study investigates turbulence-radiation interaction using transient data from high-resolution large eddy simulations. Turbulent fluctuations lead to an increase in both mean emission and absorption, particularly in the hot gas plume region. Temperature autocorrelation is identified as the most important correlation in the time-averaged emission term.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Saumitra Mishra, Pushpendra Kumar Vishwakarma, Ankit Sharma, Kirti Bhushan Mishra
Summary: This study reports the characteristics of CS2 pool fires in laboratory scale tests, including Mass Burning Rate, flame length, flame temperature, and concentration of combustion products. The MBR of CS2 pool fires is mainly controlled by conduction and convection, showing different flame colors under different backgrounds, and producing high concentrations of SO2 during combustion. A correlation has been established among pool diameter, burning time, and SO2 concentration, which helps to assess fire risks associated with CS2.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Mengqi Liu, Shuang Xia, Wenjian Wan, Jun Qin, Hua Li, Changying Zhao, Lei Bi, Cheng-Wei Qiu
Summary: Using doped InAs multilayers under moderate external magnetic fields with gradient epsilon-near-zero frequencies, broadband non-reciprocal absorption that can be tailored within the mid-infrared spectral region has been demonstrated. The study of magneto-optical absorption has stimulated diverse energy-technology-related explorations, showing potential in breaking the current theoretical efficiency limits of energy devices compared with reciprocal counterparts. However, experimentally realizing strong infrared non-reciprocal absorption remains an open challenge, and existing proposals of non-reciprocal absorbers are restricted to a narrow working waveband.
Article
Thermodynamics
Bifen Wu, Matthias Ihme, Xinyu Zhao
Summary: The study analyzed a small-scale heptane pool fire database to evaluate assumptions of flamelet models in fire simulations. Findings indicated non-negligible preferential diffusion near the pool base, significant radiation in the fire transition zone leading to reduced flame temperature, and discrepancies between extracted flame structures and predicted models.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Ryan Falkenstein-Smith, Kunhyuk Sung, Jian Chen, Anthony Hamins
Summary: This study documents a series of time-averaged local gas species measurements made throughout the centerline profile of methanol, ethanol, and acetone pool fires burning in a quiescent environment. Gas species and soot mass fractions were compared at different locations for fires burning the three fuels.
FIRE SAFETY JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Aaron Yip, Jan B. Haelssig, Michael J. Pegg
Summary: The composition of a multicomponent pool fire changes during burning, affecting key fire properties such as burning rate. Models based on fuel properties and correlations for flame height and temperature are crucial for predicting burning rate and assessing fire hazards in scenarios involving multicomponent fuels.
Article
Thermodynamics
Han Kang, Minghai Li, Guangmei Shi
Summary: This study developed a coupled heat transfer model of bare-bead thermocouples in open pool fires and considered the effect of flame thickness on measurement error. The results showed that a decrease in flame thickness led to an increase in temperature measurement error. A flame thickness limit value, considering the correction of temperature measurement error, was proposed.
THERMAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING PROGRESS
(2024)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Xiaohu Wu, Haiyan Yu, Feng Wu, Biyuan Wu
Summary: Recent studies have shown the potential of Weyl semimetals in verifying Kirchhoff's law, but current designs fall short in achieving perfect nonreciprocal radiation. A new design using attenuated total reflection demonstrates perfect nonreciprocal radiation at a shorter wavelength and smaller angle, with a significant difference in directional emissivity and absorptivity. This design shows promise in experimenting with nonreciprocal materials and Kirchhoff's law.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Giacomo Erez, Anthony Collin, Gilles Parent, Pascal Boulet, Mathieu Suzanne, Aurelien Thiry-Muller
Summary: A detailed understanding of flame radiation is crucial for fire applications, with research on kerosene pool fires showing that the flame shape and radiation are weakly dependent on fire size. Detailed models perform well across all fire sizes, while simplified models are only applicable in specific conditions.
FIRE SAFETY JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Jean-Louis Consalvi, Fatiha Nmira, Frederic Andre
Summary: This article proposes a computationally affordable radiative heat transfer model to accurately predict the feedback toward the fuel surface. The model combines the MSFSK approach and RCFSK scheme, and efficiently stores parameters in a flamelet library. The heat feedback predictions are improved when considering methanol radiation.
FIRE SAFETY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jinlong Zhao, Qingyuan Zhang, Zhenhua Wang, Rui Yang, Jianping Zhang
Summary: Accidental fire in chemical parks is a safety concern due to major fire accidents involving storage tanks. Boilover is a destructive tank fire scenario, but its behaviors under reduced pressure in plateau regions are rarely studied. This study conducted thin-layer boilover experiments and found continuous boilover with varying intensity, influenced by initial fuel thickness and pool diameter. The findings provide important insights for risk assessment of continuous boilover in fire accidents.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Kuibin Zhou, Mengya Zhou, Mengyuan Huang, Yifan Wang
Summary: This paper systematically investigates jet fire in a pit (JFP) caused by the explosion of underground pipelines. The study observes different types of flames and develops correlations for flame length and width in various pits, as well as proposes models to predict thermal radiation. The research indicates that flame buoyancy becomes more significant than nozzle exit momentum as the nozzle exit velocity increases, leading to the evolution of JFP behavior.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Kuibin Zhou, Mengya Zhou, Mengyuan Huang, Yifan Wang
Summary: This paper presents a systematic investigation on the jet fire in a pit, including the variations of gas entrainment mode and flame behavior. A dimensionless heat release rate coupling the pit geometrical property is developed to correlate the flame area and length, which is validated by experimental data. Models for predicting the thermal radiation of the jet fire are proposed.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Kun Zhao, Zhirong Wang, Shichang Ma, Xiaoyu Ju, Pinkun Guo, Xingyan Cao
Summary: The study found that flame height and inclination angle increase with pool diameter, and flame height initially increases and then gradually decreases with separation distance, while the inclination angle varies with pool diameter. Additionally, flame height exponentially increases with the dimensionless heat release rate, and the radiative heat flux peaks at the critical separation distance of flame merging.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Long Ding, Changzhi Gong, Fanliang Ge, Jie Ji
Summary: This study experimentally investigated the flame radiation characteristics of line pool fires in open space. The results showed that both the mass loss rate and radiant fraction of line pool fires increase with increasing aspect ratio (n). By using a weighted multiple-point source model and a multi-cylinder flame model, the radiant fraction of line pool fires can be effectively derived, providing new methods and models for fire research.
Article
Engineering, Civil
A. Brown, M. Bruns, M. Gollner, J. Hewson, G. Maragkos, A. Marshall, R. McDermott, B. Merci, T. Rogaume, S. Stoliarov, J. Torero, A. Trouve, Y. Wang, E. Weckman
FIRE SAFETY JOURNAL
(2018)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Sam S. Yoon, Victor Figueroa, Alexander L. Brown, Thomas K. Blanchat
JOURNAL OF FIRE SCIENCES
(2010)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Michael Benson, Nicholas Wilde, Alexander Brown, Christopher Elkins
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2020)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Alexander L. Brown, Michael D. Clemenson, Michael Benson, Christopher Elkins, Samuel T. Jones
Summary: Momentum, advection, diffusion, and turbulence are component physics related to fire simulation tools like computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Magnetic Resonance Velocimetry and Magnetic Resonance Concentration techniques can provide detailed measurements of three-component velocity and concentration fields in turbulent flows. This study compares 3D flow between velocity and concentration fields obtained using different measurement techniques for urban geometry, showing good consistency between model and experimental results.
FIRE SAFETY JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Alexander L. Brown, Jeffrey D. Engerer, Allen J. Ricks, Joshua Christian, Julius Yellowhair
Summary: Research on material response under high heat flux conditions is often limited by experimental conditions and constraints. However, new data obtained using concentrated solar energy has allowed for a focus on data repeatability, uncertainty reduction, and environment characterization to validate predictive codes. The presented data, covering a novel flux range and materials, signifies progress in the characterization of fires resulting from high flux events.
FIRE SAFETY JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Joshua A. Hubbard, Timothy J. Boyle, Ethan T. Zepper, Alexander Brown, Taylor Settecerri, Joshua L. Santarpia, Paul Kotula, Bonnie McKenzie, Gabriel A. Lucero, Laura J. Lemieux, Joseph A. Zigmond, Nicole D. Zayas, Rose Preston, Brenda Maes, Andres L. Sanchez, Dora K. Wiemann, Fernando Guerrero, Xavier J. Robinson, Dianna Perales
Summary: This study reproduced experiments from 1973 using current aerosol measurement methods to enhance understanding of particulate formation and transport from fires containing nuclear waste, aiming to update standards and practices in nuclear facilities. Experimental data revealed consistent measurements with current standards for uranium air release fractions (ARFs), while values for lutetium and ytterbium were lower. Variations in metal nitrate solubility due to elemental composition and temperature may impact ARF values for uranium surrogates.
NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Joshua A. Hubbard, Timothy J. Boyle, Ethan T. Zepper, Alexander Brown, Taylor Settecerri, Joshua L. Santarpia, Nelson Bell, Joseph A. Zigmond, Steven S. Storch, Brenda J. Maes, Nicole D. Zayas, Dora K. Wiemann, Marissa Ringgold, Fernando Guerrero, Xavier J. Robinson, Gabriel A. Lucero, Laura J. Lemieux
Summary: This study used solid waste samples to mimic nuclear waste, burning them to quantify the release of metal cations. Results showed higher airborne release fractions for lutetium and depleted uranium, with differences in uncertainties. These data provide a baseline for future experimental and computational works.
NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Alexander L. Brown, Flint Pierce, John Tencer
Summary: The breakup of liquid drops is an important phenomenon that is studied to improve modeling methods for liquid dispersal in transportation accident scenarios. A particle force model inspired by molecular dynamics methods is used to simulate the breakup, and the model is able to reasonably reproduce certain aspects of breakup for different scales of liquid drops with only one tuned parameter.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING RESEARCH & DESIGN
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
AL Brown, BR Hames, JW Daily, DC Dayton
Article
Engineering, Civil
AL Brown, WF Dabberdt
JOURNAL OF WIND ENGINEERING AND INDUSTRIAL AERODYNAMICS
(2003)
Article
Energy & Fuels
AL Brown, DC Dayton, MR Nimlos, JW Daily
Article
Energy & Fuels
AL Brown, DC Dayton, JW Daily
Article
Environmental Sciences
AL Brown, DC Dayton, MR Nimlos, JW Daily