Article
Agronomy
Ramunas Antanaitis, Lina Anskiene, Karina Dzermeikaite, Dovile Baceninaite, Aloyzas Januskauskas, Kestutis Sincevicius, Walter Baumgartner, Anton Klein
Summary: The aim of this study was to determine the impact of subclinical mastitis treatment in dairy cattle on biomarkers registered with in-line sensors such as milk yield (MY), electric milk conductivity (EC), rumination time (RT), and somatic cell count (SCC). According to the results, treating cows with subclinical mastitis using SCC boluses and NSAIDs is effective.
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Kayley D. McCubbin, Ellen de Jong, Theo J. G. M. Lam, David F. Kelton, John R. Middleton, Scott McDougall, Sarne De Vliegher, Sandra Godden, Paivi J. Rajala-Schultz, Sam Rowe, David C. Speksnijder, John P. Kastelic, Herman W. Barkema
Summary: Blanket dry cow therapy may no longer be necessary for all dairy farms due to improvements in udder health and the introduction of teat sealants. Selective dry cow therapy (SDCT) can be a viable option for maintaining udder health and milk production while improving antimicrobial stewardship. Methods for selecting cows or mammary quarters for treatment include somatic cell count thresholds, pathogen identification, clinical mastitis history, or a combination of criteria. Concurrent teat sealant use is recommended, especially in quarters not receiving intramammary antimicrobials.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Di Wang, Daqing Jia, Ronghe He, Shuai Lian, Jianfa Wang, Rui Wu
Summary: The study found a correlation between serum selenium levels and somatic cell count, immune indexes in dairy cattle, indicating that the risk of subclinical mastitis in dairy cattle increases with lower serum selenium levels.
BIOLOGICAL TRACE ELEMENT RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Vittoria Bisutti, Nuria Mach, Diana Giannuzzi, Alice Vanzin, Emanuele Capra, Riccardo Negrini, Maria Elena Gelain, Alessio Cecchinato, Paolo Ajmone-Marsan, Sara Pegolo
Summary: RNA-Seq was used to investigate the transcriptome of milk somatic cells in healthy cows and cows infected with Prototheca spp. and Streptococcus agalactiae. The integration of transcriptomic data and host phenotypic traits identified hub variables for subclinical intramammary infection detection. These hub variables have potential application in screening and diagnosing subclinical intramammary infection.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Ellen de Jong, Kayley D. McCubbin, David Speksnijder, Simon Dufour, John R. Middleton, Pamela L. Ruegg, Theo J. G. M. Lam, David F. Kelton, Scott McDougall, Sandra M. Godden, Alfonso Lago, Paeivi J. Rajala-Schultz, Karin Orsel, Sarne De Vliegher, Volker Kromker, Diego B. Nobrega, John P. Kastelic, Herman W. Barkema
Summary: The treatment of clinical mastitis (CM) and the use of antimicrobials for dry cow therapy account for a large amount of antimicrobial use (AMU) on dairy farms. However, recent advancements have allowed for the exclusion of nonsevere CM cases that are likely to be cured without antimicrobials, as well as cases with a low bacteriological cure rate. These advancements include the availability of rapid diagnostic tests and improved udder health management practices. This review provides an evidence-based protocol for selective CM treatment decisions, which can aid in reducing AMU, improving udder health, and benefiting farm economics.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
N. G. Khasapane, Z. T. H. Khumalo, S. Kwenda, S. J. Nkhebenyane, O. Thekisoe
Summary: This study characterized the milk microbiota of cows with subclinical mastitis (SCM) and apparently healthy dairy cows using 16S rRNA sequencing. The results showed significant differences in bacterial species between SCM and non-SCM cow milk, highlighting the need for further epidemiological studies.
VETERINARY SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Lishan Lin, Xiaojun Huang, Hongfei Yang, Yixuan He, Xuefeng He, Jinhu Huang, Siyan Li, Xiaoliang Wang, Shu Tang, Guangjin Liu, Zihao Pan
Summary: In this study, 42 strains of Streptococcus agalactiae were isolated from dairy cows in China. Through capsular typing and multilocus sequence typing, the lineages and populations of the isolates were identified. The study revealed the predominance of CC103 lineage, virulence profile 1, and variations in antimicrobial resistance profiles.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Ramunas Antanaitis, Vida Juozaitiene, Vesta Jonike, Walter Baumgartner, Algimantas Paulauskas
Summary: The study found a direct correlation between lactose concentration and the presence of subclinical mastitis pathogens, suggesting lactose could be used as a diagnostic method. Subclinical mastitis has a negative impact on milk production and quality in dairy herds, highlighting the need for improved diagnostic tools to control its distribution.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
S. McDougall, J. Penry, D. Dymock
Summary: The study indicated that bacterial isolates from organic herds had lower antibiotic resistance compared to herds using dry cow therapy (DCT). However, the differences in MIC distributions occurred below clinical breakpoints, suggesting that bacteriological cure rates may not be affected by isolates with different MIC levels.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Sabrina S. Greening, Ji Zhang, Anne C. Midwinter, David A. Wilkinson, Scott McDougall, M. Carolyn Gates, Nigel P. French
Summary: This study investigated the association between on-farm antimicrobial usage and the antimicrobial resistance profiles of mastitis-causing Staphylococcus aureus through whole-genome sequencing. The results showed low presence of resistance genes and current antimicrobial usage patterns do not appear to be driving AMR in S. aureus associated with bovine mastitis.
VETERINARY SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Ivars Lusis, Vita Antane, Andres Waldmann
Summary: This study investigated the impact of subclinical intramammary infections (IMIs) on the somatic cell count (SCC) in cow milk and explored the possibilities of indirectly sensing udder pathogens. The results showed that continuous subclinical IMIs and episodic major udder pathogen (MaP) infections led to higher SCC.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Hulayyil Al-harbi, Shahab Ranjbar, Robert J. Moore, John I. Alawneh
Summary: This study estimated the prevalence of mastitis-associated bacteria in dairy herds from different regions in Australia and found that Staphylococci were the most common bacteria, while Enterobacteriaceae and Streptococcus showed high resistance rates to antimicrobials. The findings can help inform mastitis control and antimicrobial stewardship programs.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Kayley D. Mccubbin, Ellen de Jong, Carmen M. Brummelhuis, Julia Bodaneze, Marit Biesheuvel, David F. Kelton, Tamaki Uyama, Simon Dufour, Javier Sanchez, Daniella Rizzo, David Leger, Herman W. Barkema
Summary: Infections with antimicrobial resistant pathogens pose a major threat to human and animal health worldwide. Reducing antimicrobial use in livestock, particularly in Canadian dairy farms, is crucial. Selective dry cow therapy and the use of teat sealants show promise in decreasing antimicrobial usage. Understanding the current practices can help identify areas for intervention to further reduce antimicrobial use.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Martha Fabiola Rodriguez, Arlen Patricia Gomez, Andres Ceballos-Garzon
Summary: This study investigated the antimicrobial resistance genotypes and phenotypes of Staphylococcus strains from different sources on dairy farms. The results showed higher prevalence of antibiotic resistance in environmental samples, and the use of beta-lactam antibiotics influenced the expression of antimicrobial resistance in Staphylococcus.
Article
Immunology
Muhammad Shoaib, Jie Xu, Xiaoqin Meng, Zhongyong Wu, Xiao Hou, Zhuolin He, Ruofeng Shang, Hongjuan Zhang, Wanxia Pu
Summary: This study isolated 39 strains of S. haemolyticus from dairy cattle milk samples in Northwest, China. These strains exhibited high resistance to antibiotics such as erythromycin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, with a multi-drug resistant rate of 46.15%. The PFGE categorized these strains into eight different subtypes, with ST8 being the most predominant.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Anastasia N. Tellis, Sam M. Rowe, Ronald Coilparampil, Cheryl Jenkins, Andrew Dart, Ruth N. Zadoks, Corey D. Regnerus, Katrina L. Bosward
Summary: This study evaluated three testing methods for detecting C. burnetii infection in alpacas, with results showing that immunofluorescence assay (IFA) may be the most appropriate method for use in alpacas. Different testing methods had varying specificity and sensitivity, with low positive predictive values.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Joaquin Barca, Ana Meikle, Mette Bouman, Ynte H. Schukken
Summary: This study found that the impact of PEG treatment on fertility and culling interacts with pre-NEFA levels. In high pre-NEFA cows, PEG treatment increased the rate of first insemination, countered the negative effects of early-lactation CM and UD on pregnancy rates, and decreased the hazard of culling.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ruth N. Zadoks, Gary C. Barker, Jackie Benschop, Kathryn J. Allan, Gemma Chaters, Sarah Cleaveland, John A. Crump, Margaret A. Davis, Blandina T. Mmbaga, Gerard Prinsen, Kate M. Thomas, Linda Waldman, Nigel P. French
Summary: East Africa, particularly Moshi, Tanzania, is a hotspot for foodborne diseases such as NTS along the beef supply chain. The study's mathematical model identified environmental contamination as the primary source of NTS in meat for human consumption. The model provides a framework for evaluating the origin and propagation of NTS, aiding in decision-making for interventions to reduce risks to consumers.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Maarten F. Weber, Marian Aalberts, Thomas Dijkstra, Ynte H. Schukken
Summary: In the Dutch paratuberculosis control program, test-negative herds with a preferred status may still have an increased risk of positive ELISA results. Therefore, this study developed a predictive model to alert farmers with test-negative herds if they are at an increased risk of future positive ELISA results.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Milad Ahmadi Gohari, Maryam Chegeni, Ali Akbar Haghdoost, Firoozeh Mirzaee, Lisa White, Polychronis Kostoulas, Ali Mirzazadeh, Mohammad Karamouzian, Yunes Jahani, Hamid Sharifi
Summary: The actual number of deaths during the COVID-19 pandemic in Iran was significantly higher than the reported number of deaths. This study's findings are important for health policymakers' planning and the improvement of Iran's death registration systems.
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Review
Veterinary Sciences
R. N. Zadoks, E. Scholz, S. M. Rowe, J. M. Norris, H. B. Pooley, J. House
Summary: There are many culture-based diagnostics available for on-farm detection of bacterial pathogens in milk, which may help improve antimicrobial use in udder health management. However, farms have limited diagnostic microbiology capacity. The World Health Organisation has established criteria called ASSURED for evaluating diagnostic tests in low-resource settings, and this article reviews how these criteria can be applied to the diagnosis of mastitis pathogens and the performance of on-farm diagnostics in Australia. The evaluation reveals trade-offs and highlights the importance of considering the specific needs and characteristics of each farm.
AUSTRALIAN VETERINARY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Joaquin Barca, Ynte H. Schukken, Ana Meikle, Pablo Chilibroste, Mette Bouman, H. Hogeveen
Summary: This randomized controlled trial examined the effects of pegbovigrastim (PEG) treatment on the partial net return of grazing dairy cows. The study found that PEG treatment increased the partial net return and resulted in an economic benefit of $210 ± $100 per cow per year. It also reduced the cost of treatment for clinical mastitis and numerically reduced the cost of culling.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Patricia B. A. Simoes, Lorenzo Viora, Pieter T. T. Pepler, Timothy Geraghty, Dominic J. J. McCafferty, Ruth N. N. Zadoks
Summary: Mastitis, which is a common disease among dairy cattle, can be overlooked in heifers. A study found that measuring udder surface temperature can help detect mastitis early. The research showed that a single thermal image can be used to scan the entire udder of primigravid heifers in a simple and safe way.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shazia Bashir, Nguyen Ngoc N. Phuoc, Tharangani Herath, Abdul Basit, Ruth Zadoks, Sudaxshina Murdan
Summary: Intensive tilapia farming has led to the emergence of novel pathogens, including Streptococcus agalactiae (GBS) which caused the first outbreak of foodborne GBS illness in humans. A proof-of-concept study developed an oral vaccine that provided significant protection from GBS in tilapia, showing promise for future use against other bacterial pathogens and fish species.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Julia A. Hertl, Ynte H. Schukken, Loren W. Tauer, Francis L. Welcome, Yrjo T. Grohn
Summary: The objective of this observational study was to investigate the relationship between clinical mastitis (CM) occurring in the first 100 days of a dairy cow's first lactation and her total productive lifetime. Data were collected from 24,831 cows in 5 New York Holstein herds. Two analytical approaches were compared: separate survival analyses treating removals (death, sale) as competing events, and traditional survival analysis using Cox proportional hazards models. The findings showed that certain pathogens were associated with either higher hazard rates of death or sale. The study highlights the importance of optimizing management strategies for cows with specific types of CM early in their productive lifetime.
PREVENTIVE VETERINARY MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Fisheries
Olga L. M. Haenen, Ha Thanh Dong, Truong Dinh Hoai, Margaret Crumlish, Iddya Karunasagar, Timothy Barkham, Swaine L. Chen, Ruth Zadoks, Andreas Kiermeier, Bing Wang, Esther Garrido Gamarro, Masami Takeuchi, Mohammad Noor Amal Azmai, Belen Fouz, Rolando Pakingking, Zeng Wei Wei, Melba G. Bondad-Reantaso
Summary: Tilapia culture is a significant source of income and nutrition for rural families. However, intensification and global warming have led to bacterial disease outbreaks in tilapia farms, threatening sustainable production. This review provides an overview of common and emerging bacterial pathogens, diseases, diagnostics, and the risks of antimicrobial resistance in tilapia.
REVIEWS IN AQUACULTURE
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Wanna Sirimanapong, Nguyen Ngoc Phuoc, Chiara Crestani, Swaine Chen, Ruth N. Zadoks
Summary: Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a major pathogen in humans and aquatic species, and the ST283 sequence type has been identified as the cause of severe foodborne GBS disease in healthy adults in Southeast Asia. The distribution of potentially human-pathogenic GBS in aquaculture species is poorly known, and further research is needed.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
John Harvey, Bryan Chan, Tarun Srivastava, Alexander E. Zarebski, Pawel Dlotko, Piotr Blaszczyk, Rachel H. Parkinson, Lisa J. White, Ricardo Aguas, Adam Mahdi
Summary: Discussing the waves of the COVID-19 epidemic in different countries is a common topic, but there is no clear method to define these waves in the available data and their relation to mathematical epidemiology is weak. This study presents an algorithm that can identify significant and sustained periods of increase in time series data, which can be described as "observed waves". The algorithm is applied to COVID-19 data and the results correspond to visual intuition and expert opinion. The study also analyzes the differences in consecutive observed waves among countries and the impact of government interventions on waves.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
S. Rowe, C. Cunningham, L. Ingenhoff, J. M. Norris, R. N. Zadoks
Summary: This study aimed to determine the presence of MRSA, ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae, and VRE in bulk tank milk in NSW, Australia. No samples tested positive for these antimicrobial resistant organisms, indicating a low prevalence in dairy herds in NSW.
AUSTRALIAN VETERINARY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Achmad Fadillah, Bart H. P. van den Borne, Okti Nadia Poetri, Henk Hogeveen, Wendy Umberger, Jack Hetherington, Ynte H. Schukken
Summary: This study investigates the awareness of Indonesian smallholder dairy farmers regarding milk quality parameters and identifies factors associated with total plate count (TPC) and somatic cell count (SCC) awareness. The study finds that most farmers have conceptual awareness of quality parameters but lack knowledge of their values. Factors such as cooperative membership, distance to other farmers, and information sources significantly influence farmers' awareness. Cooperatives play a crucial role in increasing smallholder farmers' awareness of milk quality parameters.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2023)