Article
Construction & Building Technology
Gregor Kravanja, Zeljko Knez
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the carbonization of Class G well cement and metakaolin modified Class G cement samples exposed to CO2. The results indicate that cement carbonation is more rapid and extensive under a CO2 saturated solution. The addition of metakaolin improves the mechanical properties of the cement samples, but reduces their carbonation resistance and increases the presence of CaCO3 polymorphs.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lubna Sarwar, Azad Hussain, Unai Fernandez-Gamiz, Sobia Akbar, Aysha Rehman, El-Sayed M. Sherif
Summary: The impact of nanoparticles on the characteristics of blood flow in a stenosed artery was investigated in this study. Numerical methods were used to analyze the velocity and temperature distribution of blood flow through arterial stenosis, and the effects of nanoparticles on physical quantities were calculated.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Margarita S. Rubina, Anastasiya A. Pestrikova, Polina S. Kazaryan, Alexander Y. Nikolaev, Ivan S. Chaschin, Natalia A. Arkharova, Alexandra V. Shulenina, Marina A. Pigaleva
Summary: Chitosan sponges with open porous structures are promising drug delivery matrices for transdermal patches. The supercritical solvent impregnation (SSI) technique using scCO2/ethanol medium was employed to investigate the loading capacity of 17 beta-estradiol (E2) into chitosan sponges. The study found that the hormone loading increased proportionally with E2 concentration and CO2 density. Characterization techniques confirmed the successful inclusion of E2 in the polymer matrices, with uniform distribution and micronized crystallites achieved by the SSI method.
JOURNAL OF CO2 UTILIZATION
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Peng Jiang, Yong Tian, Bo Wang, Chaohong Guo
Summary: In this study, a numerical model for the cooling of a supercritical carbon dioxide turbine rotor was established and the effects of inlet temperature, flow rate, and leakage flow rate on rotor cooling were studied. The results showed that an increase in the inlet flow rate and leakage flow rate led to an increase in the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of each seal gas, while an increase in the inlet temperature resulted in a decrease in the pressure difference.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Rana Obaidat, Haneen Aleih, Hadeia Mashaqbeh, Bashar Altaani, Mo'tasem M. Alsmadi, Mohammad Alnaief
Summary: Masking the bitter taste of ibuprofen using cocoa butter and supercritical fluid technology is a promising innovative approach to enhance patient acceptance, especially for children. The drug to polymer ratio, configuration of the supercritical fluid unit, and preparation method were found to be critical in the formulation of ibuprofen microparticles. Taste evaluation with human volunteers showed that microparticles containing 20% drug, processed with supercritical fluid technology, were effective in masking the bitter taste of ibuprofen.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Quan Gu, Zhe Lin, Lei Wang, Zhijian Qiu, Surong Huang, Shaofan Li
Summary: Saturated soil-pore fluid interaction under earthquake shaking can cause extensive damages to critical infrastructure systems. Accurate modeling of this interaction is important for liquefaction analysis. The authors propose a novel solution strategy for modeling soil-pore fluid interaction, based on a hybrid Peridynamics (HPD) method. The method is validated and shown to be effective for solving the soil-pore fluid equations and applicable to a broad range of geotechnical earthquake engineering problems associated with liquefaction.
COMPUTERS AND GEOTECHNICS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Gang Wang, Umberto D'Ortona, Pierrette Guichardon
Summary: This paper extends the partially saturated method (PSM) to the lattice Boltzmann (LB) pseudopotential multicomponent model and adapts the wetting boundary condition to model the contact angle. The improved PSM scheme is found to be mass conservative and can produce similar static contact angles on flat and curved walls. The method allows for smoother movement of wetting droplets on curved and inclined walls compared to the usual bounce-back (BB) method.
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Alexander S. Kaplitz, Terry A. Berger, Blair K. Berger, Kevin A. Schug
Summary: The development and application of fraction collection in preparative supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) are discussed in this review. Various devices for separating the carbon dioxide mobile phase from the analyte and the modifier, as well as techniques for controlling fractionation, are described. The applications of fraction collection, including two-dimensional chromatography and supercritical fluid extraction coupled with SFC, are also discussed.
TRAC-TRENDS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Alexey Rybaltovsky, Evgeniy Epifanov, Dmitriy Khmelenin, Andrey Shubny, Yuriy Zavorotny, Vladimir Yusupov, Nikita Minaev
Summary: Two methods are proposed for synthesizing bimetallic Au/Ag nanoparticles, utilizing different geometric configurations and laser sources. The first configuration demonstrates the possibility of obtaining Ag/Au alloy nanoparticles, while the second configuration shows the possibility of obtaining core-shell bimetallic Au/Ag nanoparticles.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Milad Yekefallah, Farhad Raofie
Summary: The study aimed to confirm the existence of stable nanoparticles of phyto-compounds from Rubia tinctorum L. roots using the supercritical procedure. The results showed that the supercritical procedure changed the properties of the particles and increased the antioxidant activity index of the extract.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Quentin Gros, Johanna Duval, Caroline West, Eric Lesellier
Summary: The development of automatized hyphenated systems is attractive for avoiding sampling error, saving time, and reducing costs. Among these systems, on-line SFE-SFC allows efficient, quick, and eco-friendly extraction, separation, and detection of molecules. The principles of supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) are discussed, along with comparisons of partially-supercritical on-line systems before examining the evolution of on-line SFE-SFC over the past decades. Different devices for better understanding coupling challenges and determining advantageous configurations are also examined.
TRAC-TRENDS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Chen Li, Yong Xiang, Rongteng Wang, Jun Yuan, Yuhao Xu, Wenguan Li, Zhanguang Zheng
Summary: The influence of flue gas (100 ppmv of O2, NO2 or SO2 in CO2 steam) on the corrosion mechanism of X80 steel in a supercritical CO2-saturated aqueous environment was explored. O2 mainly promoted the anodic reaction process, while NO2 and SO2 primarily enhanced the cathodic reaction process. Compared to SO2, NO2 and O2 significantly reduced the protection offered by X80 steel's corrosion product layer. Additionally, O2 was found to significantly promote localized corrosion of X80 steel in the aqueous environment.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Han-Xiao Tang, Jian-Ting Zhang, Chen-Guang Liu, Shi-Bin Wang, Xiao-Ke Zheng, Ai-Zheng Chen
Summary: In this study, a simple and efficient strategy was developed for the controllable loading of hydrophobic DSF into Cu2+-doped mesoporous silica nanoparticles (Cu-MSN) using supercritical CO2 technology. The DSF-loaded Cu-MSN exhibited high anticancer activity in vitro and in vivo, indicating its potential in cancer therapy.
JOURNAL OF CO2 UTILIZATION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Qi-Bo Wang, Qin-Qin Xu, Jian-Zhong Yin, Hong-Yue Zhu, Bao-Lin Liu, Ming-Zhe Yang
Summary: This study investigated the nucleation process in supercritical fluids and proposed the theory of pressure-induced supercritical phase nucleation. The theory was verified using experiments, showing good agreement between the calculated nucleation rates and the experimental values.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Kazuyuki Iwase, Itaru Honma
Summary: High-entropy spinel oxides (HE-SOs) containing the first five transition metal elements were synthesized using a simple one-pot supercritical hydrothermal fluid processing method. The resulting solid-solution cubic spinel oxide nanoparticles showed efficient catalytic activity for the oxygen evolution reaction, suggesting potential applications in various catalytic reactions.
ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Ri Zhang, Shasha Zhang, Mengyan Ding
Summary: A thin liquid film method is proposed to evaluate sand erosion in annular flow. This method considers the direct interaction between the liquid film and gas core, as well as the entrainment and deposition of droplets. The erosion rate is calculated by considering the effects of liquid entrainment and particle velocity decay. The method is fully verified by comparing with experimental data.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yu Suo, Xianheng Su, Wenyuan He, Xiaofei Fu, Zhejun Pan
Summary: This research investigates the mechanical properties of sandstone-shale composite through orthogonal experimental method and discrete element simulation. The results show that different lithologies and thickness ratios can affect the strength and fracture mode of the composite rock samples.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Maurizio Troiano, Andrea El Hassanin, Roberto Solimene, Alessia Teresa Silvestri, Fabrizio Scala, Antonino Squillace, Piero Salatino
Summary: This study investigates the potential of Fluidized Bed Finishing (FBF) for square flat AlSi10Mg specimens manufactured via Laser-Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) additive manufacturing technology. The results show that good finishing can be achieved using rotation-assisted tests, with a maximum reduction of surface roughness by 67%. Steel particles are found to be the most effective bed material.
Review
Engineering, Chemical
Ningbo Song, Wanzhong Yin, Jin Yao
Summary: Seawater's dissolved salts and minerals have various effects on the flotation process, including influencing the characteristics and behavior of flotation factors, as well as affecting the surface of sulfide minerals. In most cases, seawater has adverse effects on the flotation of sulfide minerals, but these effects can be mitigated by adjusting the reagents.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Kaiqiao Wu, Shuxian Jiang, Victor Francia, Marc-Olivier Coppens
Summary: In rectangular and cylindrical annular fluidized beds, pulsating gas flow can create regular bubble patterns, overcoming challenges seen in conventional units. This study provides new opportunities for modularization of fluidized bed operations.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Shuo Li, Huili Zhang, Jan Baeyens, Miao Yang, Zehao Li, Yimin Deng
Summary: The paper assesses the behavior of cohesive Geldart C-type particles when fluidized by air with the aid of vibration. It determines that mechanical vibration is a simple and effective method to improve the fluidity of cohesive particles during fluidization.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Zhenfei Feng, Qingyuan Zhang, Shanpan Liang, Zhenzhou Li, Fangwen Guo, Jinxin Zhang, Ding Yuan
Summary: A new micro/mini-channel heat sink (MCHS) with a combined structure of longitudinal and transverse vortex generators is designed, using Al2O3 nanofluid as the working medium. The study explores the effects of transverse vortex generator shape and longitudinal vortex generator angle on the hydraulic and thermal characteristics, comprehensive performance, entropy generation, and exergy efficiency. The results show that the triangular transverse vortex generator improves the comprehensive performance and exergy efficiency. Combined with the longitudinal vortex generator, the MCHS achieves the best comprehensive performance, entropy generation, and exergy efficiency when the Reynolds number is 742.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Kostas Giannis, Christoph Thon, Guoqing Yang, Arno Kwade, Carsten Schilde
Summary: This study presents a 3D convolutional neural network (3D-CNN) methodology for generating realistic 3D models of particles. The method trains on 2D projections of particle images to predict their 3D shapes, and evaluates the accuracy of the predictions using Fourier shape descriptors (FSDs). This methodology has wide applications in particle shape analysis.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Zheng-qing Zhou, Lu-jia Chai, Yu-long Zhang, Ya-bin Wang, Ze-chen Du, Tian-yi Wang, Yu-zhe Liu
Summary: The dynamic oxidation and shell-breaking processes of aluminum nanoparticles (ANPs) during heating were studied using in situ transmission electron microscopy. The results revealed that the changes in shell thickness can be divided into three stages, and the active aluminum content of ANP decreased before shell-breaking.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Fulei Chen, Huaqing Ma, Zihan Liu, Lianyong Zhou, Yongzhi Zhao
Summary: A particle breakage model based on the particle replacement scheme, using the polyhedral model to describe particles, is proposed in this work to accurately describe the breakage of a large number of particles. Additionally, a fast-cutting algorithm is proposed to reproduce the size distribution of progeny particles determined by the breakage model. The validation and simulation results show satisfactory accuracy, efficiency, and stability of the algorithm.
Review
Engineering, Chemical
Matteo Errigo, Christopher Windows-Yule, Massimiliano Materazzi, Dominik Werner, Paola Lettieri
Summary: Gas-solid fluidized-bed systems have advantages in terms of chemical reaction efficiency and temperature control, making them widely used in industrial applications. However, the design, scale-up, and optimization of these complex units are limited by the lack of deep physical understanding. Non-invasive and non-intrusive diagnostic techniques provide a way for researchers to study these systems without affecting the flow field or directly contacting the medium under study.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Saeed Fateh, Mohammad Behshad Shafii, Mohammad Najafi, Cyrus Aghanajafi
Summary: Applying a magnetic field to ferrofluids alters their flow characteristics and enhances heat transfer. Through visualization and quantitative investigation, it is found that the magnetic field influences the flow patterns and velocity profiles, improving fluid mixing and vorticity magnitude.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Lei Gao, Bingbing Wei, Xiaochuan Hu, Zaifeng Yao, Yiwen Fang, Xuejian Gao
Summary: In this study, a numerical model of sand triaxial test was established using discrete element software PFC3D, and an indoor triaxial test was conducted to calibrate the numerical model. The influence of microscopic parameters on the macroscopic mechanical response of sand was analyzed. The results showed that the friction coefficient had the greatest impact on the peak strength and residual strength of the sand's stress-strain curve, and it was positively correlated. The normal tangential stiffness ratio was negatively correlated, while the porosity and boundary flexibility stiffness had minimal influence on it.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Xuan Liu, Jie Gong, Kai Jiang, Xiaojuan Lai, Yu Tian, Kang Zhang
Summary: This study aimed to improve the performance of lignite coal water slurries (CWSs) by synthesizing a series of three-arm amphiphilic block copolymers. By controlling the relative molecular weight, hydrophilic/hydrophobic ratio, and ionic group content, the apparent viscosity of CWSs was significantly reduced and the static stability was improved. Thermogravimetric testing and XPS analysis were conducted to reveal the mechanism behind the improved performance.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Lanka Dinushke Weerasiri, Daniel Fabijanic, Subrat Das
Summary: Fluidization at low pressure offers significant benefits for the fine chemical industry. This study investigates the behavior of bubbles and bed expansion under low pressure conditions. It is found that lower pressure leads to larger bubbles, increased bubble quantity, and higher aspect ratio. The predictability is affected by the inhomogeneous fluidization, but low pressure fluidization can generate similar bubble sizes with lower fluidizing mass compared to atmospheric pressure.