Article
Engineering, Chemical
Lingzhen Kong, Jiaqing Chen, Tian Lan, Huan Sun, Kuisheng Wang
Summary: This study analyzed the primary breakup process of liquid jet column, droplet size and velocity distribution, as well as the hydrodynamic characteristics of gas flow in a tubular gas-liquid atomization mixer. The results showed that the gas flow rate is the main influencing parameter for droplet size and distribution uniformity in atomization.
CHINESE JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Mechanics
Siyu Chen, Nasser Ashgriz
Summary: This study aimed to develop a correlation for the droplet size distribution of pressure swirl nozzles, measuring droplet sizes under different conditions and developing a mixture distribution with two lognormal distributions to fit the data. The correlation parameters are related to the Kelvin-Helmholtz wavelength and sheet thickness, which can be used to determine the Sauter Mean diameter and other spray statistics.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTIPHASE FLOW
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
Matheus Rover Barbieri, Lydia Achelis, Udo Fritsching
Summary: The investigation and optimization of atomizer nozzle design are crucial for efficient atomization performance. This study aims to improve the gas-liquid mixing process using a specific design of the Y-jet nozzle by exploring the impact of key geometric parameters. The performance assessment includes analyzing internal mixing chamber pressure, high-speed spray images, and droplet size and velocity distributions. Shorter mixing chambers in the nozzle contribute to more efficient atomization with smaller droplet sizes and a more uniform spray.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTIPHASE FLOW
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Chenyang Li, Yaozhi Zhou, Huiyuan Chen, Qinglian Li
Summary: This experimental study on liquid jet atomization in supersonic crossflow reveals that the spray cross-section is Omega-shaped and the droplet size distribution is influenced by factors such as aerodynamic force and transverse distance. The study provides an accurate prediction of the cross-sectional droplet size distribution based on the maximum entropy principle.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Simon Wachter, Tobias Jakobs, Thomas Kolb
Summary: The study compared three different nozzle flow configurations and found that liquid sheet configurations resulted in smaller droplet sizes compared to liquid jet configuration. A nozzle with identical orifice areas was used in experiments to ensure constant velocities and momentum flows. The influence of gas velocity, dynamic viscosity of the liquid, and nozzle configuration on droplet sizes and primary breakup was investigated.
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Qingjiang Xiang, Waqar Ahmed Qureshi, Mazhar Hussain Tunio, Kashif Ali Solangi, Zhengdian Xu, Imran Ali Lakhiar
Summary: The study compared the droplet size distribution of impact sprinkler (IS) and aeration impact sprinkler (AIS), finding that the AIS produced a more uniform and stable droplet distribution under low-pressure conditions. The droplet diameter and frequency changed with the distance from the sprinkler.
AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Emanuele Cerruto, Giuseppe Manetto, Salvatore Privitera, Rita Papa, Domenico Longo
Summary: Droplet size spectrum is crucial for pesticide application, but current measurement methods face limitations in binarization and segmentation. In this study, an image processing technique was used to automate the threshold selection process, improving segmentation efficiency and reducing the influence of human factors.
Article
Thermodynamics
Guofu Sun, Yi Zhan, Tomio Okawa, Mitsuhiro Aoyagi, Akihiro Uchibori, Yasushi Okano
Summary: Experiments were conducted on liquid jets ejected from oval nozzles to investigate the effects of nozzle orifice shape on jet behavior. The study found that the liquid jet exhibited different characteristics at different liquid flow rates. Correlations were established to predict the liquid jet state and characteristics of the secondary droplets produced during jet impact onto a solid surface. This research extended the available knowledge on liquid jet behavior.
EXPERIMENTAL THERMAL AND FLUID SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Xianyin Leng, Yicheng Deng, Wei Guan, Weibo Xie, Zhixia He, Qian Wang, Xuesheng Yan, Wuqiang Long
Summary: A spirally grooved hole (SGH) nozzle was designed to enhance fuel atomization for diesel engines. Numerical results showed that the SGH nozzle can significantly improve jet breakup and produce finer droplets.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ciaran Callaghan, Janet L. Scott, Karen J. Edler, Davide Mattia
Summary: The replacement of plastic microbeads with biodegradable alternatives is crucial in order to address the environmental persistence of plastics and their accumulation within the human food chain. This study explores the use of cellulose microbeads as a potential alternative, overcoming the challenges posed by the high viscosity of cellulose solutions. Through a 3D-printed rotating multi-nozzle system, cellulose jets were generated and subjected to controlled processes to create and regulate droplet sizes within the micrometre range, resulting in the continuous fabrication of cellulose microbeads with narrow size distributions in the range of 40-500 μm. This innovative method offers the production of microbeads in size ranges that were not previously achievable using existing technologies.
JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Ingrid Zwertvaegher, Aude Lamare, Jean-Paul Douzals, Paolo Balsari, Paolo Marucco, Marco Grella, Amedeo Caffini, Nikos Mylonas, Donald Dekeyser, Dieter Foque, David Nuyttens
Summary: This study selects the optimal nozzle type, spacing, and height for bed spray applications, aiming to reduce pesticide losses through laboratory testing and measurements.
PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xingye Zhu, Joseph Kwame Lewballah, Alexander Fordjour, Xiaoping Jiang, Junping Liu, Samuel Anim Ofosu, Frank Agyen Dwomoh
Summary: The numerical model developed can accurately predict the water drop movement and mean droplet size diameter based on nozzle size and pressure. The correlation between observed and predicted droplet size values is quite good for all nozzle sizes and pressures, indicating that nozzle size and pressure significantly influence droplet size. Additionally, higher pressure results in smaller droplets, and increased wind velocity leads to greater wetted distance downwind from the sprinkler.
Article
Thermodynamics
K. A. Busov
Summary: An experimental investigation was conducted to study the dynamics of boiling-up of a jet of superheated water discharged from a high-pressure chamber through a short semi-cylindrical nozzle. The study reveals the changes in jet shape and the corresponding temperature range. The droplet size of the boiling-up jet is determined using a microscopic method. Additionally, a correlation between the particle mean diameter and pressure variations in the superheated liquid on the liquid-vapor phase equilibrium line is obtained.
INTERNATIONAL COMMUNICATIONS IN HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Wanting Yang, Weidong Jia, Mingxiong Ou, Wei Zhong, Li Jiang, Xiaowen Wang
Summary: This study investigated the different morphological characteristics between emulsions and water during atomisation at different pressures, analysed the effect of liquid sheet structure on droplet size distribution, and found a correlation between the intensity of liquid sheet disturbance and droplet size distribution.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Pei Xiong, Shihao He, Facheng Qiu, Zhiliang Cheng, Xuejun Quan, Xingran Zhang, Wensheng Li
Summary: The study showed that under depressurized conditions, droplets exhibited a uniform state in the axial direction and a disordered distribution in the radial direction in the near-field region; velocity gradient still existed in the far-field region; the initial diameter had a significant impact on temperature decrease rate.
JOURNAL OF THE TAIWAN INSTITUTE OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Ri Zhang, Shasha Zhang, Mengyan Ding
Summary: A thin liquid film method is proposed to evaluate sand erosion in annular flow. This method considers the direct interaction between the liquid film and gas core, as well as the entrainment and deposition of droplets. The erosion rate is calculated by considering the effects of liquid entrainment and particle velocity decay. The method is fully verified by comparing with experimental data.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yu Suo, Xianheng Su, Wenyuan He, Xiaofei Fu, Zhejun Pan
Summary: This research investigates the mechanical properties of sandstone-shale composite through orthogonal experimental method and discrete element simulation. The results show that different lithologies and thickness ratios can affect the strength and fracture mode of the composite rock samples.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Maurizio Troiano, Andrea El Hassanin, Roberto Solimene, Alessia Teresa Silvestri, Fabrizio Scala, Antonino Squillace, Piero Salatino
Summary: This study investigates the potential of Fluidized Bed Finishing (FBF) for square flat AlSi10Mg specimens manufactured via Laser-Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) additive manufacturing technology. The results show that good finishing can be achieved using rotation-assisted tests, with a maximum reduction of surface roughness by 67%. Steel particles are found to be the most effective bed material.
Review
Engineering, Chemical
Ningbo Song, Wanzhong Yin, Jin Yao
Summary: Seawater's dissolved salts and minerals have various effects on the flotation process, including influencing the characteristics and behavior of flotation factors, as well as affecting the surface of sulfide minerals. In most cases, seawater has adverse effects on the flotation of sulfide minerals, but these effects can be mitigated by adjusting the reagents.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Kaiqiao Wu, Shuxian Jiang, Victor Francia, Marc-Olivier Coppens
Summary: In rectangular and cylindrical annular fluidized beds, pulsating gas flow can create regular bubble patterns, overcoming challenges seen in conventional units. This study provides new opportunities for modularization of fluidized bed operations.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Shuo Li, Huili Zhang, Jan Baeyens, Miao Yang, Zehao Li, Yimin Deng
Summary: The paper assesses the behavior of cohesive Geldart C-type particles when fluidized by air with the aid of vibration. It determines that mechanical vibration is a simple and effective method to improve the fluidity of cohesive particles during fluidization.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Zhenfei Feng, Qingyuan Zhang, Shanpan Liang, Zhenzhou Li, Fangwen Guo, Jinxin Zhang, Ding Yuan
Summary: A new micro/mini-channel heat sink (MCHS) with a combined structure of longitudinal and transverse vortex generators is designed, using Al2O3 nanofluid as the working medium. The study explores the effects of transverse vortex generator shape and longitudinal vortex generator angle on the hydraulic and thermal characteristics, comprehensive performance, entropy generation, and exergy efficiency. The results show that the triangular transverse vortex generator improves the comprehensive performance and exergy efficiency. Combined with the longitudinal vortex generator, the MCHS achieves the best comprehensive performance, entropy generation, and exergy efficiency when the Reynolds number is 742.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Kostas Giannis, Christoph Thon, Guoqing Yang, Arno Kwade, Carsten Schilde
Summary: This study presents a 3D convolutional neural network (3D-CNN) methodology for generating realistic 3D models of particles. The method trains on 2D projections of particle images to predict their 3D shapes, and evaluates the accuracy of the predictions using Fourier shape descriptors (FSDs). This methodology has wide applications in particle shape analysis.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Zheng-qing Zhou, Lu-jia Chai, Yu-long Zhang, Ya-bin Wang, Ze-chen Du, Tian-yi Wang, Yu-zhe Liu
Summary: The dynamic oxidation and shell-breaking processes of aluminum nanoparticles (ANPs) during heating were studied using in situ transmission electron microscopy. The results revealed that the changes in shell thickness can be divided into three stages, and the active aluminum content of ANP decreased before shell-breaking.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Fulei Chen, Huaqing Ma, Zihan Liu, Lianyong Zhou, Yongzhi Zhao
Summary: A particle breakage model based on the particle replacement scheme, using the polyhedral model to describe particles, is proposed in this work to accurately describe the breakage of a large number of particles. Additionally, a fast-cutting algorithm is proposed to reproduce the size distribution of progeny particles determined by the breakage model. The validation and simulation results show satisfactory accuracy, efficiency, and stability of the algorithm.
Review
Engineering, Chemical
Matteo Errigo, Christopher Windows-Yule, Massimiliano Materazzi, Dominik Werner, Paola Lettieri
Summary: Gas-solid fluidized-bed systems have advantages in terms of chemical reaction efficiency and temperature control, making them widely used in industrial applications. However, the design, scale-up, and optimization of these complex units are limited by the lack of deep physical understanding. Non-invasive and non-intrusive diagnostic techniques provide a way for researchers to study these systems without affecting the flow field or directly contacting the medium under study.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Saeed Fateh, Mohammad Behshad Shafii, Mohammad Najafi, Cyrus Aghanajafi
Summary: Applying a magnetic field to ferrofluids alters their flow characteristics and enhances heat transfer. Through visualization and quantitative investigation, it is found that the magnetic field influences the flow patterns and velocity profiles, improving fluid mixing and vorticity magnitude.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Lei Gao, Bingbing Wei, Xiaochuan Hu, Zaifeng Yao, Yiwen Fang, Xuejian Gao
Summary: In this study, a numerical model of sand triaxial test was established using discrete element software PFC3D, and an indoor triaxial test was conducted to calibrate the numerical model. The influence of microscopic parameters on the macroscopic mechanical response of sand was analyzed. The results showed that the friction coefficient had the greatest impact on the peak strength and residual strength of the sand's stress-strain curve, and it was positively correlated. The normal tangential stiffness ratio was negatively correlated, while the porosity and boundary flexibility stiffness had minimal influence on it.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Xuan Liu, Jie Gong, Kai Jiang, Xiaojuan Lai, Yu Tian, Kang Zhang
Summary: This study aimed to improve the performance of lignite coal water slurries (CWSs) by synthesizing a series of three-arm amphiphilic block copolymers. By controlling the relative molecular weight, hydrophilic/hydrophobic ratio, and ionic group content, the apparent viscosity of CWSs was significantly reduced and the static stability was improved. Thermogravimetric testing and XPS analysis were conducted to reveal the mechanism behind the improved performance.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Lanka Dinushke Weerasiri, Daniel Fabijanic, Subrat Das
Summary: Fluidization at low pressure offers significant benefits for the fine chemical industry. This study investigates the behavior of bubbles and bed expansion under low pressure conditions. It is found that lower pressure leads to larger bubbles, increased bubble quantity, and higher aspect ratio. The predictability is affected by the inhomogeneous fluidization, but low pressure fluidization can generate similar bubble sizes with lower fluidizing mass compared to atmospheric pressure.