Article
Engineering, Chemical
M. Kozakovic, J. Havlica, L. Le Guen, S. Parez, F. Huchet
Summary: This article focuses on the numerical simulation of a flighted rotary drum using Discrete Element Method (DEM), with varying number of flights (1 to 25) and a constant load of particles. The study investigates the kinematics of granular behavior in three loading conditions: under-, design-, and over-loading. The results demonstrate that the behavior of granular material during unloading from the flights determines the transitions between different regimes. The analysis of granular material distribution in different parts of the drum reveals the presence of two dense media (bed and flights) and one dilute medium (in the airborne portion). Considering the importance of the number of particles in the airborne phase for heat transport efficiency between gas and particle media, three recognition methods are proposed to detect the airborne particles and their relevance is discussed based on geometry, velocity magnitude, and minimal separation distance.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Sunil Kumar, Salma Khatoon, Praveen Dubey, Jeetram Yogi, Anshu Anand
Summary: This study investigates the influence of particle shape on the segregation behavior of binary mixtures in a rotating drum. The results show that coarse particles with lower packing density exhibit higher segregation, while fine particles with pronounced elongation facilitate mixing.
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
Yong Feng, Ziran Yuan
Summary: The study focuses on flow characteristics of silos under mixed flow conditions, finding significant changes during flow pattern transition, non-uniform variations at different heights, and influences from flow pattern and shear zone. Analysis of velocity and angular velocity clarifies the effects of flow pattern transition and time variation on flow characteristics.
COMPUTATIONAL PARTICLE MECHANICS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Rafael L. Rangel, Francisco Kisuka, Colin Hare, Vincenzino Vivacqua, Alessandro Franci, Eugenio Onate, Chuan-Yu Wu
Summary: Granular flow in industrial applications involves heat generation from frictional contacts and collisions between particles. This study explores the temperature rise of granular flows in a rotating drum for the first time, using infrared thermography to quantify the temperature changes. The experiments show that particles with higher density generate more heat and increasing rotation speed favors temperature rise, while fill ratio has the least influence on thermal response.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Siqiang Wang, Dongfang Liang, Shunying Ji
Summary: This study analyzes the mixing behaviors of concave-shaped granular materials within a horizontal drum and finds that concave particles have higher coordination numbers, closer contact patterns, greater collision forces, and lower mixability.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Chengwei Zhu, Chong Peng, Wei Wu
Summary: In this paper, the granular flow in a rotating drum is investigated using the SPH method. The results demonstrate that the proposed method is a promising tool to reveal the characteristics of the flow.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Angga Pratama Herman, Zongyan Zhou, Jieqing Gan, Aibing Yu
Summary: This study investigates the mixing of granular materials in rotating drums with different volumes. The results show that mixing performance is affected by drum size and particle diameter. A correlation equation is proposed for predicting mixing rate, and the ratio of drum diameter to particle diameter influences particle travel distances and displacements. The findings are significant for understanding the mixing mechanism of granular materials.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Bowen Liu, Qing Wang, Zongyan Zhou, Ruiping Zou
Summary: This study investigates the performance of baffles in internally heated rotating drums using the discrete element method (DEM). The results show that a central cross baffle improves mixing and heat transfer significantly, while a peripheral baffle generally weakens the performance.
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Robertas Navakas, Algis Dziugys, Edgaras Misiulis, Gediminas Skarbalius
Summary: The discrete element method (DEM) is widely used in simulation and analysis of granular matter processes, focusing on individual particle data. A method based on network analysis is presented to detect particle groups involved in collective motion. The velocity similarity graph can be used to identify groups of particles with similar velocities, which is crucial for understanding coordinated motion in granular matter.
MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN THE APPLIED SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Cesar Martin Venier, Santiago Marquez Damian, Sergio Eduardo Bertone, Gabriel Dario Puccini, Jose Maria Risso, Norberto Marcelo Nigro
Summary: The study compares the performance of discrete and continuum computational models for granular flow dynamics in a rotating drum, finding that the discrete model aligns better with experimental observations while the continuum model accurately predicts the dynamics of the bed in the rolling and cascading regimes.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Meng Li, Xizhong An, Yuhang Wu
Summary: This study numerically investigated the segregation behaviors of particles with Gaussian distributions and 40% filling level in a rotating drum. The results show that the segregation rate and degree increase with the increase of rotation speed and particle size parameter k. The radial and axial segregation patterns become more obvious with the increase of k. The axial dispersion coefficient of large particles gradually increases, while that of small particles gradually decreases.
ADVANCED POWDER TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Siqiang Wang, Zongyan Zhou, Shunying Ji
Summary: The study reveals that the segregation behavior of granular materials is influenced by particle shape, standard deviation of the mixture, and rotating speed. Small and large particles tend to be distributed in the center and periphery of the drum, while medium-sized particles are evenly distributed in the system.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Siqiang Wang, Qi Zhang, Shunying Ji
Summary: A CUDA-GPU parallel algorithm based on super-quadric elements is developed to simulate large-scale non-spherical granular systems, demonstrating its applicability and reliability through various tests.
ADVANCES IN ENGINEERING SOFTWARE
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Chongqiang Zhu, Yu Huang, Jin Sun
Summary: Entrainment of the substrate in geophysical flows is a common phenomenon that significantly affects their volume and mobility. In this study, we propose a novel energy-controlled boundary model to simulate inclined granular flows on erodible surfaces and investigate their rheological behavior with entrainment. By adjusting the energy of the bottom granular bed, we systematically analyze the bulk velocity, stress, microstructure, and constitutive behavior. Our simulations confirm that this configuration can be used to study geophysical flows with entrainment. The results show that entrainment greatly enhances the mobility of granular flow, but the flow in the shear band remains in the inertial regime. This energy-controlled model provides an effective approach to investigate granular flows on erodible surfaces and is crucial for developing strategies to mitigate geo-disasters.
COMPUTERS AND GEOTECHNICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
S. Y. He, J. Q. Gan, D. Pinson, A. B. Yu, Z. Y. Zhou
Summary: The study reveals that in rotating drums, spheres in ellipsoid-sphere mixtures tend to segregate axially to the middle section, with lower segregation degree as the aspect ratio increases. The axial flow induced by frictional end walls and radial segregation are essential for the development of particle shape-induced axial segregation.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Liuyimei Yang, Qijun Zheng, Aibing Yu
Summary: This article proposes a continuum-based model for the process of blending powders using stirring blades. The model accurately describes the tempo-spatial distribution of small/large particles in the stirring process and captures the various intricate effects of blade parameters. It shows promise for optimizing blade mixers in industries.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Qing Ye, Peibo Duan, Shibo Kuang, Li Ji, Ruiping Zou, Aibing Yu
Summary: This paper presents a cost-effective method to optimize hydrocyclones used for particle separation. It integrates a mechanistic model with data-driven models to achieve reliable prediction and optimization. The method demonstrates its applicability by successfully optimizing the hydrocyclone geometry for low pressure drop and accurate particle separation, especially for fine particles.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Jieqing Gan, Zongyan Zhou, Aibing Yu, Dean Ellis, Reece Attwood, Wei Chen
Summary: Multibody dynamics (MBD) simulation is a useful tool for analyzing the kinematic function of multibody systems, while discrete element method (DEM) is commonly used for simulating particle flows and overall processes. Combining MBD and DEM methods through functional mock-up interface (FMI) co-simulation can predict equipment performance by considering both material and equipment behavior. This study utilized Dymola software to perform MBD and FMI co-simulations, developing MBD models for a hydraulic excavator system and GPU-based DEM models for excavator digging cycles. The results demonstrated the significant impact of solid materials on excavator movement.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Lingling Liu, Shibo Kuang, Baoyu Guo, Aibing Yu
Summary: Optimization of ironmaking blast furnaces involves considering bottom and top operations. A recently developed integrated BF model and numerical orthogonal experiments are used to predict BF performance indicators and conduct multi-objective optimization and operatable zone identification.
CHEMIE INGENIEUR TECHNIK
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Lingling Liu, Shibo Kuang, Baoyu Guo, Aibing Yu
Summary: Oxygen blast furnace (OBF) is a low carbon ironmaking technology that suffers from high gas flame temperature. Injecting COREX off-gas (CROG) into the industrial BF can improve coal combustion and overall performance. The optimum injection rate of CROG helps achieve better fuel economy by enhancing indirect reduction and coke combustion.
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Ryan McCloy, Lai Wei, Jie Bao
Summary: In this paper, a reference-flexible condition is proposed based on contraction theory to provide a stability guarantee for cost minimizing control of multiple timescale nonlinear systems using multiple predictive models.
JOURNAL OF PROCESS CONTROL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
E. Dianyu, Haihan Fan, Zhongfang Su, Guangtai Xu, Ruiping Zou, Aibing Yu, Shibo Kuang
Summary: This paper proposes a hydrocyclone with a tapered inlet design to reduce the influence of particles misplacement. The new hydrocyclone integrates the advantages of both spiral inlet and tangential inlet. Through the analysis of separation performance, flow characteristics, and volume fraction distributions, an optimum design is identified. Compared to a standard hydrocyclone, the new design significantly improves tangential velocities, expands the locus of zero vertical velocity, and achieves more stable air core, symmetric radial and axial velocity distributions, as well as reduced eddy flow and short-circuit flow. This study offers a new perspective for improving hydrocyclone flows and performance.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yang Zhang, Danjiao Zhao, Lei Cao, Lanlan Fan, Aiping Lin, Shufen Wang, Feng Gu, Aibing Yu
Summary: Flexible strain sensors are crucial for public healthcare as they can noninvasively monitor vital health signals. In this study, we developed structurally integrated 3D conductive networks-based flexible strain sensors using a droplet-based aerosol jet printing process and a transfer process. The sensors showed enhanced conduction and mechanical properties during stretching, and demonstrated effective responses to human movements such as finger bending and arm bending. Our findings highlight the potential of droplet-based aerosol jet printing for advanced flexible devices in optoelectronics and wearable electronics applications.
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Wangyan Li, Yitao Yan, Jie Bao
Summary: This letter presents a novel data-based fault diagnosis framework for linear processes using dissipativity shaping method. The dissipativity is learnt and shaped for finite-horizon trajectory data, and then extended over an arbitrary long horizon using the weaving response lemma. The fault-selective coefficient matrices of the dissipativity condition are shaped using semi-definite programming and fed into the online diagnosis algorithm.
IEEE CONTROL SYSTEMS LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yifan Qin, Xiao Dong Chen, Aibing Yu, Jie Xiao
Summary: Mathematical modeling of mass transfer and absorption in the small intestine is challenging and requires a reliable and computationally efficient predictive model. This study derives an absorption model that considers the 3D intestinal inner wall structure and can be used in a 1D distributed model. Computational fluid dynamics simulations are used to quantify the mass-transfer coefficient. The model provides insights into the influence of intestinal morphology and motility on mass transfer and absorption.
Article
Energy & Fuels
E. Dianyu, Peng Zhou, Langyong Ji, Jiaxin Cui, Qiang Xu, Liejin Guo, Aibing Yu
Summary: In this study, a validated CFD-DEM model is used to investigate the dynamics, microstructure, and thermochemical behaviors in the raceway of a blast furnace with hydrogen injection operations. The effects of hydrogen injection concentration on raceway size, gas temperature, and components are studied.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Hao Miao, Ke Huang, Yingwen Li, Renjie Li, Xudong Zhou, Jingyu Shi, Zhenbo Tong, Zhenhua Sun, Aibing Yu
Summary: In this study, the LNP formulation, atomization methods, and buffer system were optimized to maintain stability and efficiency of mRNA encapsulated LNPs during the atomization process. A suitable LNP formulation for atomization, AX4, DSPC, cholesterol, and DMG-PEG2K at a 35/16/46.5/2.5 (%) molar ratio, was identified based on in vitro experiments. Soft mist inhaler (SMI) was found to be the most suitable method for pulmonary delivery of mRNA encapsulated LNPs. The physico-chemical properties of the LNPs, such as size and entrapment efficiency, were further improved by adjusting the buffer system with trehalose. In vivo fluorescence imaging of mice demonstrated the potential of SMI with proper LNPs design and buffer system for inhaled mRNA-LNP therapies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Bing Shu, Maria Skyllas-Kazacos, Jie Bao, Ke Meng
Summary: The integration of industrial batteries with photovoltaic applications is a common practice to charge the batteries using solar energy. This study models and simulates the temperature dynamics of a containerised vanadium flow battery system under various battery operation time and load profiles, to identify the need for active cooling or heating to maintain safe operating temperatures.
Article
Electrochemistry
Bing Shu, Logan S. Weber, Maria Skyllas-Kazacos, Jie Bao, Ke Meng
Summary: This paper investigates the thermodynamic modeling and thermal control design of containerized vanadium flow battery (VFB) systems. A dynamic thermal model is developed and simulation studies are conducted to evaluate different thermal design options.
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Jun Wen Tang, Yitao Yan, Jie Bao, Biao Huang
Summary: This paper presents a data-based control approach for linear multi-timescale systems using a system behavioural framework and a novel data predictive control design with multi-level optimisation horizons to handle dynamics of different timescales. By developing a trajectory-based dissipativity condition, the proposed control method ensures stability while achieving disturbance rejection and tracking control.
JOURNAL OF PROCESS CONTROL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Ri Zhang, Shasha Zhang, Mengyan Ding
Summary: A thin liquid film method is proposed to evaluate sand erosion in annular flow. This method considers the direct interaction between the liquid film and gas core, as well as the entrainment and deposition of droplets. The erosion rate is calculated by considering the effects of liquid entrainment and particle velocity decay. The method is fully verified by comparing with experimental data.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yu Suo, Xianheng Su, Wenyuan He, Xiaofei Fu, Zhejun Pan
Summary: This research investigates the mechanical properties of sandstone-shale composite through orthogonal experimental method and discrete element simulation. The results show that different lithologies and thickness ratios can affect the strength and fracture mode of the composite rock samples.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Maurizio Troiano, Andrea El Hassanin, Roberto Solimene, Alessia Teresa Silvestri, Fabrizio Scala, Antonino Squillace, Piero Salatino
Summary: This study investigates the potential of Fluidized Bed Finishing (FBF) for square flat AlSi10Mg specimens manufactured via Laser-Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) additive manufacturing technology. The results show that good finishing can be achieved using rotation-assisted tests, with a maximum reduction of surface roughness by 67%. Steel particles are found to be the most effective bed material.
Review
Engineering, Chemical
Ningbo Song, Wanzhong Yin, Jin Yao
Summary: Seawater's dissolved salts and minerals have various effects on the flotation process, including influencing the characteristics and behavior of flotation factors, as well as affecting the surface of sulfide minerals. In most cases, seawater has adverse effects on the flotation of sulfide minerals, but these effects can be mitigated by adjusting the reagents.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Kaiqiao Wu, Shuxian Jiang, Victor Francia, Marc-Olivier Coppens
Summary: In rectangular and cylindrical annular fluidized beds, pulsating gas flow can create regular bubble patterns, overcoming challenges seen in conventional units. This study provides new opportunities for modularization of fluidized bed operations.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Shuo Li, Huili Zhang, Jan Baeyens, Miao Yang, Zehao Li, Yimin Deng
Summary: The paper assesses the behavior of cohesive Geldart C-type particles when fluidized by air with the aid of vibration. It determines that mechanical vibration is a simple and effective method to improve the fluidity of cohesive particles during fluidization.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Zhenfei Feng, Qingyuan Zhang, Shanpan Liang, Zhenzhou Li, Fangwen Guo, Jinxin Zhang, Ding Yuan
Summary: A new micro/mini-channel heat sink (MCHS) with a combined structure of longitudinal and transverse vortex generators is designed, using Al2O3 nanofluid as the working medium. The study explores the effects of transverse vortex generator shape and longitudinal vortex generator angle on the hydraulic and thermal characteristics, comprehensive performance, entropy generation, and exergy efficiency. The results show that the triangular transverse vortex generator improves the comprehensive performance and exergy efficiency. Combined with the longitudinal vortex generator, the MCHS achieves the best comprehensive performance, entropy generation, and exergy efficiency when the Reynolds number is 742.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Kostas Giannis, Christoph Thon, Guoqing Yang, Arno Kwade, Carsten Schilde
Summary: This study presents a 3D convolutional neural network (3D-CNN) methodology for generating realistic 3D models of particles. The method trains on 2D projections of particle images to predict their 3D shapes, and evaluates the accuracy of the predictions using Fourier shape descriptors (FSDs). This methodology has wide applications in particle shape analysis.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Zheng-qing Zhou, Lu-jia Chai, Yu-long Zhang, Ya-bin Wang, Ze-chen Du, Tian-yi Wang, Yu-zhe Liu
Summary: The dynamic oxidation and shell-breaking processes of aluminum nanoparticles (ANPs) during heating were studied using in situ transmission electron microscopy. The results revealed that the changes in shell thickness can be divided into three stages, and the active aluminum content of ANP decreased before shell-breaking.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Fulei Chen, Huaqing Ma, Zihan Liu, Lianyong Zhou, Yongzhi Zhao
Summary: A particle breakage model based on the particle replacement scheme, using the polyhedral model to describe particles, is proposed in this work to accurately describe the breakage of a large number of particles. Additionally, a fast-cutting algorithm is proposed to reproduce the size distribution of progeny particles determined by the breakage model. The validation and simulation results show satisfactory accuracy, efficiency, and stability of the algorithm.
Review
Engineering, Chemical
Matteo Errigo, Christopher Windows-Yule, Massimiliano Materazzi, Dominik Werner, Paola Lettieri
Summary: Gas-solid fluidized-bed systems have advantages in terms of chemical reaction efficiency and temperature control, making them widely used in industrial applications. However, the design, scale-up, and optimization of these complex units are limited by the lack of deep physical understanding. Non-invasive and non-intrusive diagnostic techniques provide a way for researchers to study these systems without affecting the flow field or directly contacting the medium under study.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Saeed Fateh, Mohammad Behshad Shafii, Mohammad Najafi, Cyrus Aghanajafi
Summary: Applying a magnetic field to ferrofluids alters their flow characteristics and enhances heat transfer. Through visualization and quantitative investigation, it is found that the magnetic field influences the flow patterns and velocity profiles, improving fluid mixing and vorticity magnitude.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Lei Gao, Bingbing Wei, Xiaochuan Hu, Zaifeng Yao, Yiwen Fang, Xuejian Gao
Summary: In this study, a numerical model of sand triaxial test was established using discrete element software PFC3D, and an indoor triaxial test was conducted to calibrate the numerical model. The influence of microscopic parameters on the macroscopic mechanical response of sand was analyzed. The results showed that the friction coefficient had the greatest impact on the peak strength and residual strength of the sand's stress-strain curve, and it was positively correlated. The normal tangential stiffness ratio was negatively correlated, while the porosity and boundary flexibility stiffness had minimal influence on it.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Xuan Liu, Jie Gong, Kai Jiang, Xiaojuan Lai, Yu Tian, Kang Zhang
Summary: This study aimed to improve the performance of lignite coal water slurries (CWSs) by synthesizing a series of three-arm amphiphilic block copolymers. By controlling the relative molecular weight, hydrophilic/hydrophobic ratio, and ionic group content, the apparent viscosity of CWSs was significantly reduced and the static stability was improved. Thermogravimetric testing and XPS analysis were conducted to reveal the mechanism behind the improved performance.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Lanka Dinushke Weerasiri, Daniel Fabijanic, Subrat Das
Summary: Fluidization at low pressure offers significant benefits for the fine chemical industry. This study investigates the behavior of bubbles and bed expansion under low pressure conditions. It is found that lower pressure leads to larger bubbles, increased bubble quantity, and higher aspect ratio. The predictability is affected by the inhomogeneous fluidization, but low pressure fluidization can generate similar bubble sizes with lower fluidizing mass compared to atmospheric pressure.