Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Qiang Guo, Christopher Spitler, Jagan Mohan Sanghishetty, Christopher M. Boyce
Summary: This article reviews the hydrodynamics of vibrated gas-fluidized beds (VGFBs) and their applications in improving particle fluidization quality, controlling particle segregation and mixing, and enhancing heat and mass transfer. The recent progress in creating structured flow patterns in VGFBs and developing numerical modeling methods for vibration in VGFBs is discussed. Finally, future research areas for VGFBs are provided.
CURRENT OPINION IN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Review
Engineering, Chemical
Lei Zhang, Zhijie Fu, Jiantao Li, Ruixu Wang, Xiaotao Bi
Summary: This review paper provides a comprehensive understanding of the fundamentals and developments of multi-solids fluidized bed (MSFB) and discusses its hydrodynamic behavior, heat and mass transfer efficiency. The performance of MSFB in typical chemical processes is also evaluated.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Ali Akbar Sarbanha, Faical Larachi, Seyed Mohammad Taghavi
Summary: Marinized bubbling fluidized beds are hindered in their use at sea due to a limited understanding of the influence of sea waves on their hydrodynamics, heat transfer, and efficiency. This study used direct visualization techniques to investigate the solids mixing and hydrodynamics of these beds under different gas distribution patterns. The effects of tilt angles and oscillation parameters were compared with conventional bed units, and different inlet distribution patterns were explored to optimize operation in marine environments.
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Joshua Kok Tong Koe, Eldin Wee Chuan Lim
Summary: The presence of an immersed tube in slugging fluidized beds affects bubble formation, slug length distribution, and pressure fluctuations. In deep beds, the immersed tube regulates slug size and prevents significant increases in mean slug size or variability.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Qiang Guo, Shawn Chiu, Wei Da, Christopher M. Boyce
Summary: The use of vibration in fluidized beds has been shown to structure the bubbling pattern and achieve a uniform particle temperature distribution, addressing key issues in conventional bubbling fluidized beds.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Xin Liu, Niels G. Deen, Yali Tang
Summary: The study investigates the heat transfer mechanism near the confining walls in fluidized beds using two approaches, validating them with experimental results and comparing their performance in predicting overall particle temperature distribution, parameter sensitivity, and mesh resolution.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Lucilla Coelho de Almeida, Joao Americo Aguirre Oliveira Junior, Jian Su
Summary: This paper presents a new approach for computing particle temperatures in simulations coupling computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and discrete element method (DEM) to predict flow and heat transfer in fluidized beds of thermally thick spherical particles. An improved lumped formulation is used to overcome the limitations of classical lumped models, which is validated through comparisons with analytical solutions and experimental data. The results show the importance of accurately accounting for surface temperature in convective heat transfer predictions and surface processes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NUMERICAL METHODS FOR HEAT & FLUID FLOW
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Anjun Li, Fernando Hernandez Jimenez, Eduardo Cano Pleite, Zhenbo Wang, Liyun Zhu
Summary: The different thermal energy performance of spouted, fluidized, and fixed beds when using supercritical CO2 as a fluidizing agent was investigated using numerical methods. The results showed that spouted beds had higher gas velocity, gas temperature, and convective heat transfer, while fixed beds exhibited distinct temperature zones affecting their thermal performance.
CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Elija Talebi, Leander Morgenstern, Manuel Wuerth, Florian Kerscher, Hartmut Spliethoff
Summary: The aim of this study is to analyze the impact of particle size changes on fluidizability and wall-to-bed heat transfer coefficients in a fluidized bed for the thermochemical energy storage material CaO/Ca(OH)2. Experimental investigation was conducted on materials replicated from previous storage cyclization experiments using an ambient fluidization test rig. It was found that particle size distributions with Sauter mean diameters smaller than approximately 50 μm were difficult to fluidize due to excessive channeling, resulting in low heat transfer coefficients. However, fluidizable particle size distributions ranged from Sauter mean diameters of 48 μm to 282 μm, and heat transfer coefficients showed little dependency on the particle size. The observed maximum heat transfer coefficients ranged from 344 W m-2 K-1 to 350 W m-2 K-1.
Review
Energy & Fuels
K. Y. Kwong, E. J. Marek
Summary: This review summarizes recent advances in fluidized bed combustion of solid biomass, particularly focusing on combustion stages and the impact of fluidized beds on the process. It aims to summarize research lessons learned, identify remaining gaps in knowledge, and discuss future research trends and technology development prospects.
Review
Thermodynamics
Falah Alobaid, Naser Almohammed, Massoud Massoudi Farid, Jan May, Philip Rossger, Andreas Richter, Bernd Epple
Summary: This review provides significant knowledge on the development and application of CFD mathematical models in gas-solid fluidized beds. The review is divided into three parts: mathematical modeling, state-of-the-art studies, and conclusion and prospects. It covers various numerical models, their assumptions, and their application in chemical and energy process engineering. The review also analyzes the pros and cons of applying CFD models to fluidized-bed systems and highlights current research trends and future opportunities.
PROGRESS IN ENERGY AND COMBUSTION SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
P. Asiedu-Boateng, N. Y. Asiedu, V. Zivkovic, G. S. Patience
Summary: Calcium looping is a potential energy-efficient post-combustion CO2 capture process that is competitive with existing commercially available technology like oxy-combustion. The attrition of CaO-based sorbents during alternating calcination/carbonation cycling in calcium looping (CaL) has the potential to escalate operation cost and contribute to environmental emisssions.
Article
Thermodynamics
Hongliang Qian, Pega Hrnjak
Summary: This study experimentally measured the void fraction in headers of microchannel heat exchangers and found a strong correlation between void fraction, local quality, and refrigerant distribution in the tubes. A drift-flux void fraction model based on local variables was proposed for predicting void fraction in headers with better accuracy compared to widely used correlations.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Xing Zhao, Yong Jiang, Fei Li, Atta Ullah, Wei Wang
Summary: Coarse-graining is a widely used method in gas-solid fluidization simulations, but the consensus on its key parameter, the coarse graining ratio, and its corresponding scaling law is still lacking. This study proposes a scaling law based on similarity analysis and applies it to the multi-phase particle-in-cell (MP-PIC) method. The approach is validated through simulations of two bubbling fluidized beds, which show improved accuracy of solids volume fraction and velocity distributions over a wide range of coarse-graining ratios.
Article
Thermodynamics
Jaroslaw Krzywanski, Karolina Grabowska, Marcin Sosnowski, Anna Zylka, Anna Kulakowska, Tomasz Czakiert, Karol Sztekler, Marta Wesolowska, Wojciech Nowak
Summary: One of the main drawbacks of conventional fixed-bed adsorption chillers is the low coefficient of performance due to high voidage of the sorbent beds. By using a fluidized bed of sorbent, improvements in heat transfer coefficient can be achieved, leading to a reduction in chiller size and overcoming limitations in the dissemination of adsorption cooling technology.
HEAT TRANSFER ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Rosa Colucci Cante, Marianna Gallo, Federica Nigro, Francesca Passannanti, Dana Salameh, Andrea Budelli, Roberto Nigro
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2020)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Rosa Colucci Cante, Isidoro Garella, Marianna Gallo, Roberto Nigro
Summary: In this study, lipids were successfully extracted from spent coffee grounds using an innovative system and the hydrofluorocarbon Norflurane as solvent. The extraction process was efficient, with oil yields and extraction times comparable to those obtained using supercritical CO2. The fatty acid profiles of the extracts revealed the presence of major components like palmitic and linoleic acids, and minor components like stearic and oleic acids.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING RESEARCH & DESIGN
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Francesco Tessarolo, Giandomenico Nollo, Devid Maniglio, Marta Rigoni, Luca Benedetti, Fabrizia Helfer, Ivan Corradi, Luigi Rovati, Alberto Ferrari, Mattia Piccini, Luca Accorsi, Elena Veronesi, Aurora Cuoghi, Salvo Baglio, Nunzio Tuccitto, Stefania Stefani, Stefano Stracquadanio, Filippo Caraci, Antonio Terrasi, Alessia Tricomi, Mario Musumeci, Andrea Miraglia, Giacomo Cuttone, Sofia Cosentino, Carlo Muscas, Luca Agostino Vitali, Dezemona Petrelli, Leopoldo Angrisani, Roberta Colicchio, Andrea D'Anna, Ivo Iavicoli, Gianluigi De Falco, Francesco Di Natale, Ernesto Di Maio, Paola Salvatore, Fabiana Quaglia, Marina Mingoia, Paolo Castellini, Paolo Chiariotti, Serena Simoni, Luigi Montalto, Alessia Baleani, Nicola Paone
Summary: During the COVID-19 pandemic, Italian university laboratories established testing facilities for face masks, testing 120 masks for differential pressure and bacterial filtration efficiency. Results showed that masks made of multi-layered nonwoven polypropylene had the best performance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Rosa Colucci Cante, Marianna Gallo, Federica Nigro, Francesca Passannanti, Andrea Budelli, Roberto Nigro
Summary: The study found that the Contois model could best describe bacterial growth rate in a rice flour fermentation process without pH control. In contrast, both Monod and Contois models were able to satisfactorily describe the specific growth rate trend when pH control was implemented.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mariangela Conte, Monia Porpora, Federica Nigro, Roberto Nigro, Andrea Luigi Budelli, M. Vittoria Barone, Merlin Nanayakkara
Summary: Celiac Disease is an autoimmune disease that requires a lifelong gluten-free diet, but intestinal dysbiosis persists. Studies have shown that the use of prebiotics, probiotics, and postbiotics in CD may have beneficial effects, including anti-inflammatory properties.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Marianna Gallo, Francesca Passannanti, Paola Schiattarella, Angela Esposito, Rosa Colucci Cante, Federica Nigro, Andrea Budelli, Roberto Nigro
Summary: Ripe banana puree is a suitable substrate for fermentation in the development of probiotic products, and heat treatment and addition of anti-browning agents do not significantly impact fermentation performance. Fermentation of ripe bananas resulted in better outcomes compared to unripe bananas, and the addition of ascorbic acid did not show significant differences in fermentation results, with lower values obtained for growth and lactic acid production.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Sara Saez-Orviz, Francesca Passannanti, Marianna Gallo, Rosa Colucci Cante, Federica Nigro, Andrea Luigi Budelli, Manuel Rendueles, Roberto Nigro, Mario Diaz
Summary: Synbiotic macrocapsules developed using Lactobacillus paracasei CBA L74 as probiotic and lactobionic acid (LBA) as prebiotic showed prolonged stability and improved lactate production, with capsules rehydrated in yogurt performing the best in terms of survival. The use of chitosan was noted to be important for the viability of microorganisms over time.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mariangela Conte, Federica Nigro, Monia Porpora, Claudia Bellomo, Francesca Furone, Andrea Luigi Budelli, Roberto Nigro, Maria Vittoria Barone, Merlin Nanayakkara
Summary: This study aimed to investigate whether the postbiotic Lactobacillus paracasei (LP) could prevent the harmful effects of gliadin peptides on mTOR, autophagy, and the inflammatory response. The results showed that LP induced autophagy in Caco-2 cells and protected against the effects of gliadin. It was suggested that LP pretreatment could be considered for clinical trials.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Rosa Colucci Cante, Marianna Gallo, Lorenzo Varriale, Isidoro Garella, Roberto Nigro
Summary: This study successfully enriched carotenoid-rich oil from tomato peels by using Norflurane as a solvent in subcritical conditions.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Simona Itri, Marianna Gallo, Carlo Orefice, Isidoro Garella, Marica Di Domenico, Serena Vitali, Vitale Stanzione, Simonetta Grilli, Pietro Ferraro, Roberto Nigro
Summary: This study focuses on the development of a new protocol for extracting oil bodies from olive paste, resulting in a high yield cream with promising rheological and tribological properties. The cream can be used as a functional and vegan ingredient in food emulsions.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Rosa Colucci Cante, Marianna Gallo, Alfonso D'Avino, Isidoro Garella, Roberto Nigro
Summary: The use of hop extracts as an alternative to hop cones or pellets in brewing processes has become popular. These extracts contain concentrated bitter compounds that play a crucial role in the reactions and quality of beer. A novel extraction technique using hydrofluorocarbon solvent was proposed, which resulted in high extraction yield and alpha-acid recovery. The process of isomerization in hop extracts was studied and compared to hop pellets and CO2 extracts, and shorter boiling times were required for the former.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Gennaro Salvatore Ponticelli, Marianna Gallo, Ilaria Cacciotti, Oliviero Giannini, Stefano Guarino, Andrea Budelli, Roberto Nigro
Summary: Modelling and predicting the kinetics of microbial growth and metabolite production during fermentation is important for the development of functional probiotics foods on large scale production. Various mathematical models have been proposed to predict bacterial growth rate, but they can only replicate the exponential phase and rely on empirical data for accurate estimation of kinetic parameters. Genetic algorithms offer a promising solution for modelling dynamic biological systems. This study aims to propose a genetic algorithm for modelling and predicting bacterial growth of Lactobacillus paracasei CBA L74 strain fermented on rice flour substrate. Experimental results show that pH control has less influence on bacterial growth compared to lactic acid, and the genetic algorithm allowed the definition of an optimal empirical model that extends predictive capability to stationary and lag phases.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Luigi Piero Di Bonito, Lelio Campanile, Erasmo Napolitano, Mauro Iacono, Alberto Portolano, Francesco Di Natale
Summary: This paper presents the performances of a marine SO2 absorption scrubber on a large Ro-Ro cargo ship. The study reconstructs a one-year continuous monitoring dataset to interpret and predict the scrubber's performances using analytical and artificial intelligence models. The results show that combined analytical/AI models can significantly improve the design and control of marine scrubbers and other chemical equipment.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING RESEARCH & DESIGN
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Rosa Colucci Cante, Angelica Recupero, Tommaso Prata, Federica Nigro, Francesca Passannanti, Marianna Gallo, Giulia Lentini, Roberto Nigro, Andrea Luigi Budelli
Summary: In this study, the possibility of valorizing blanching water from dried navy beans through lactic acid fermentation was explored. The results showed that Lacticaseibacillus paracasei CBA L74 was able to ferment the water samples at different solid concentrations, reaching a high bacterial load and lactic acid concentration. Unusual pH trends and an increase in protein content were also observed during the fermentation process. Additionally, there was a slight increase in total polyphenols, flavonoids, and antioxidant capacity, as well as a significant increase in saponin concentration, which improved the foaming properties and emulsifying capacity of the blanching water.
FERMENTATION-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Giulia Lentini, Federica Nigro, Rosa Colucci Cante, Francesca Passannanti, Marianna Gallo, Andrea Luigi Budelli, Roberto Nigro
Summary: This study developed a process to produce an oat-based postbiotic ingredient for use in personal care cosmetic formulations. The oatmeal suspension was fermented and then inactivated to obtain the postbiotic. The effects of different process steps on various properties were investigated, showing potential cosmetic applications in terms of antioxidant activity and tyrosinase inhibition. However, fermentation did not impact the Sun Protection Factor value, which decreased during the process.
FERMENTATION-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Ri Zhang, Shasha Zhang, Mengyan Ding
Summary: A thin liquid film method is proposed to evaluate sand erosion in annular flow. This method considers the direct interaction between the liquid film and gas core, as well as the entrainment and deposition of droplets. The erosion rate is calculated by considering the effects of liquid entrainment and particle velocity decay. The method is fully verified by comparing with experimental data.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yu Suo, Xianheng Su, Wenyuan He, Xiaofei Fu, Zhejun Pan
Summary: This research investigates the mechanical properties of sandstone-shale composite through orthogonal experimental method and discrete element simulation. The results show that different lithologies and thickness ratios can affect the strength and fracture mode of the composite rock samples.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Maurizio Troiano, Andrea El Hassanin, Roberto Solimene, Alessia Teresa Silvestri, Fabrizio Scala, Antonino Squillace, Piero Salatino
Summary: This study investigates the potential of Fluidized Bed Finishing (FBF) for square flat AlSi10Mg specimens manufactured via Laser-Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) additive manufacturing technology. The results show that good finishing can be achieved using rotation-assisted tests, with a maximum reduction of surface roughness by 67%. Steel particles are found to be the most effective bed material.
Review
Engineering, Chemical
Ningbo Song, Wanzhong Yin, Jin Yao
Summary: Seawater's dissolved salts and minerals have various effects on the flotation process, including influencing the characteristics and behavior of flotation factors, as well as affecting the surface of sulfide minerals. In most cases, seawater has adverse effects on the flotation of sulfide minerals, but these effects can be mitigated by adjusting the reagents.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Kaiqiao Wu, Shuxian Jiang, Victor Francia, Marc-Olivier Coppens
Summary: In rectangular and cylindrical annular fluidized beds, pulsating gas flow can create regular bubble patterns, overcoming challenges seen in conventional units. This study provides new opportunities for modularization of fluidized bed operations.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Shuo Li, Huili Zhang, Jan Baeyens, Miao Yang, Zehao Li, Yimin Deng
Summary: The paper assesses the behavior of cohesive Geldart C-type particles when fluidized by air with the aid of vibration. It determines that mechanical vibration is a simple and effective method to improve the fluidity of cohesive particles during fluidization.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Zhenfei Feng, Qingyuan Zhang, Shanpan Liang, Zhenzhou Li, Fangwen Guo, Jinxin Zhang, Ding Yuan
Summary: A new micro/mini-channel heat sink (MCHS) with a combined structure of longitudinal and transverse vortex generators is designed, using Al2O3 nanofluid as the working medium. The study explores the effects of transverse vortex generator shape and longitudinal vortex generator angle on the hydraulic and thermal characteristics, comprehensive performance, entropy generation, and exergy efficiency. The results show that the triangular transverse vortex generator improves the comprehensive performance and exergy efficiency. Combined with the longitudinal vortex generator, the MCHS achieves the best comprehensive performance, entropy generation, and exergy efficiency when the Reynolds number is 742.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Kostas Giannis, Christoph Thon, Guoqing Yang, Arno Kwade, Carsten Schilde
Summary: This study presents a 3D convolutional neural network (3D-CNN) methodology for generating realistic 3D models of particles. The method trains on 2D projections of particle images to predict their 3D shapes, and evaluates the accuracy of the predictions using Fourier shape descriptors (FSDs). This methodology has wide applications in particle shape analysis.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Zheng-qing Zhou, Lu-jia Chai, Yu-long Zhang, Ya-bin Wang, Ze-chen Du, Tian-yi Wang, Yu-zhe Liu
Summary: The dynamic oxidation and shell-breaking processes of aluminum nanoparticles (ANPs) during heating were studied using in situ transmission electron microscopy. The results revealed that the changes in shell thickness can be divided into three stages, and the active aluminum content of ANP decreased before shell-breaking.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Fulei Chen, Huaqing Ma, Zihan Liu, Lianyong Zhou, Yongzhi Zhao
Summary: A particle breakage model based on the particle replacement scheme, using the polyhedral model to describe particles, is proposed in this work to accurately describe the breakage of a large number of particles. Additionally, a fast-cutting algorithm is proposed to reproduce the size distribution of progeny particles determined by the breakage model. The validation and simulation results show satisfactory accuracy, efficiency, and stability of the algorithm.
Review
Engineering, Chemical
Matteo Errigo, Christopher Windows-Yule, Massimiliano Materazzi, Dominik Werner, Paola Lettieri
Summary: Gas-solid fluidized-bed systems have advantages in terms of chemical reaction efficiency and temperature control, making them widely used in industrial applications. However, the design, scale-up, and optimization of these complex units are limited by the lack of deep physical understanding. Non-invasive and non-intrusive diagnostic techniques provide a way for researchers to study these systems without affecting the flow field or directly contacting the medium under study.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Saeed Fateh, Mohammad Behshad Shafii, Mohammad Najafi, Cyrus Aghanajafi
Summary: Applying a magnetic field to ferrofluids alters their flow characteristics and enhances heat transfer. Through visualization and quantitative investigation, it is found that the magnetic field influences the flow patterns and velocity profiles, improving fluid mixing and vorticity magnitude.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Lei Gao, Bingbing Wei, Xiaochuan Hu, Zaifeng Yao, Yiwen Fang, Xuejian Gao
Summary: In this study, a numerical model of sand triaxial test was established using discrete element software PFC3D, and an indoor triaxial test was conducted to calibrate the numerical model. The influence of microscopic parameters on the macroscopic mechanical response of sand was analyzed. The results showed that the friction coefficient had the greatest impact on the peak strength and residual strength of the sand's stress-strain curve, and it was positively correlated. The normal tangential stiffness ratio was negatively correlated, while the porosity and boundary flexibility stiffness had minimal influence on it.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Xuan Liu, Jie Gong, Kai Jiang, Xiaojuan Lai, Yu Tian, Kang Zhang
Summary: This study aimed to improve the performance of lignite coal water slurries (CWSs) by synthesizing a series of three-arm amphiphilic block copolymers. By controlling the relative molecular weight, hydrophilic/hydrophobic ratio, and ionic group content, the apparent viscosity of CWSs was significantly reduced and the static stability was improved. Thermogravimetric testing and XPS analysis were conducted to reveal the mechanism behind the improved performance.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Lanka Dinushke Weerasiri, Daniel Fabijanic, Subrat Das
Summary: Fluidization at low pressure offers significant benefits for the fine chemical industry. This study investigates the behavior of bubbles and bed expansion under low pressure conditions. It is found that lower pressure leads to larger bubbles, increased bubble quantity, and higher aspect ratio. The predictability is affected by the inhomogeneous fluidization, but low pressure fluidization can generate similar bubble sizes with lower fluidizing mass compared to atmospheric pressure.
